Ch9 Chemistry

lighting a match

What is an example of a chemical reaction?

combustion reaction

2H + O --> 2HO

synthesis reaction

A + B --> AB

single replacement

A + BX --> AX + B

the kinds of atoms remain the same

how are chemical changes like physical changes?

spectator ion

ion that does not participate in a reaction

solute

one or more substances dissolved in a solution

decomposition

opposite of synthesis

equal

the equation must show that the number of atoms of each reactant and product is _____ on both sides of the arrow

reactant

the starting substance in a chemical reaction

solvent

the substance the dissolves in a solute to form a solution; the most plentiful substance in the solution

coefficients

this is done by adding _______ in front of the reactants or products

synthesis, combustion, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement

types of reactions?

decomposition reaction

1 compound breaks into its parts with plus signs in between

decomposition

AB --> A + B

double replacement

AX + BY --> AY + BX

are found on the right hand side of the equation for the reaction

In chemical reactions, the products _____

the products contain different elements than the reactants

What is NOT true about a chemical reaction?

plus sign

a _______ is put when there is more than on reactant or product

synthesis reaction

a chemical reaction in which two or more substances react to yield a single product.

double-replacement reaction

a chemical reaction that involves the exchange of ions between two compounds and produces either a precipitate, a gas, or water.

single-replacement reaction

a chemical reaction that occur when the atoms of one element replace the atoms of another element in a compound

decomposition reaction

a chemical reaction that occurs when a single compound breaks down into two or more elements or new compounds

combustion reaction

a chemical reaction that occurs when a substance reacts with oxygen, releasing energy in the form of heat and light.

law of conservation of mass

a skeleton equation is incorrect since it doesn't observe the _______________

precipitate

a solid produced during a chemical reaction in a solution

aqueous solution

a solution in which the solvent is water

chemical equation

a statement using chemical formulas to describe the identities and relative amounts of the reactants and products involved in the chemical reaction.

product

a substance formed during chemical reactions

net ionic equation

an ionic equation that includes only the particles that participate in the reaction

complete ionic equation

an ionic equation that shows all the particles in a solution as they realistically exist

matter is created

carbon dioxide, sodium acetate, and water form when sodium bicarbonate and acetic acid react. Even though three products form from two-reactants it is wrong to conclude that ____

chemical change

chemical reactions are also called ________

synthesis

combustion reaction is a type of _____ reaction with oxygen by itself on the left

temperature change, release of energy in form of heat/light, absorption of energy

evidence of chemical reactions are...

coefficient

in a chemical equation, the number written in front of a reactant or product in a balanced equation describes the lowest whole-number ration of the amounts of all reactants and products.

formed

in a chemical reaction a new substances is _____

energy is absorbed

in an endothermic reaction, the temperature decreases because ______

chemical formulas

in skeleton equations use ________ rather than words to show reactants and products

arrow

shows the chemical change, reads as "yields" or "produces"

word equations

statements which use words to describe a chemical reaction

chemical reaction

the process by which the atoms of one or more substances are rearranged to form different substances; occurrence can be indicated by changes in temperature, color, odor, and physical state.

true

true/false the law of conservation of mass means that matter cannot be created or destroyed but it can be rearranged

products

what is left after the reaction?

reactants

what is present before the reaction?

chemical equations

what represents chemical reactions?