Ch.9 Digestive and Nutrition

Fill in the names of the three labeled organs of the human digestive system; A, B, & C

A - Liver B - Gallbladder C - Pancreas

Match each labeled structure of the human mouth with its correct name.

A - hard plate B - soft plate C - uvula D - tonsil

Match each labeled type of tooth in the human mouth with its correct name. (Part 2)

A - molars B - premolars C - canine D - incisors

The term "digestion" refers specifically to

breakdown of food into smaller pieces, either mechanically or chemically.

In the digestive tract, the lumen is defined as the

central space

The type of digestion performed by digestive enzymes is_______ digestion

chemical

Select all components of the digestive process in humans.

elimination absorption movement ingestion

During chemical digestion, protein molecules called digestive__________hydrolyze food macromolecules.

enzymes

The flap that covers the opening to the lungs during swallowing is the

epiglottis

The structure that prevents swallowed food from entering the lungs is the

epiglottis.

The ultimate purpose of digestion is to

hydrolyze food

The term for taking food into the mouth is

ingestion.

The processes of digestion include_________, which is the intake of food, digestion, movement, absorption, and________,which is the removal of wastes.

ingestion; elimination

The open area or central space in the GI tract is called the

lumen

The two main stages of digestion include__________digestion and chemical digestion.

mechanical

Which type of digestion occurs when the teeth chew food into small pieces?

mechanical

Chemical digestion begins in the

mouth

In the small and large intestine, peristalsis most directly results in

movement of digestive tract contents

The portion of a tooth that contains the nerves and blood vessels is the

pulp

Which of the following are functions of the stomach?

storage of food control movement of food into small intestine digestion of proteins

The term "ingestion" refers specifically to Multiple choice question.

taking food into the mouth

Match the labeled accessory digestive organs with the correct names.

A - common hepatic duct B - pancreatic duct C - pancreas D - gallbladder E - common bile duct

Match each labeled structure of a human tooth (as shown in longitudinal section) with the correct name.

A - enamel B - dentin C - pulp D - root canel E - periodontal F - cementum

Match each letter with the name of the organs of the human digestive system.

A - salivary glands B - Pharynx C - Esophagus D - Stomach E - Small intestines F - Large intestines G - Rectum

Which area of a human tooth (as shown in longitudinal section) is the area where nerves are removed in a "root canal" procedure

D

True or false: Chemical digestion occurs when our teeth chew food into pieces convenient for swallowing

False

True or false: Alcohol can be absorbed by the stomach.

True

Saliva contains salivary__________, an enzyme that begins the chemical digestion of starch

amylase

The type of digestion performed by digestive enzymes is_____digestion

chemical

The semifluid mass of food, gastric juice, and mucus that forms in the stomach is called

chyme

The pharynx opens into both the trachea and

esophagus

The component of the food passageway that leads away from the pharynx is the

esophagus.

True or false: Chemical digestion occurs when our teeth chew food into pieces convenient for swallowing.

false

The small intestine is so named because it

has a smaller diameter than the large intestine.

In addition to secreting digestive enzymes, the pancreas is an endocrine organ, because it secretes__________such as insulin.

hormones

Organic macromolecules are too big to cross the plasma membrane of cells. Therefore, they need to be

hydrolyzed

The three main (abdominal) accessory organs of the human digestive system are the gallbladder

liver; panceras

Contents of the digestive system are moved along by rhythmic contractions and relaxations of smooth muscle. This process is called

peristalsis

Which of the following are functions of the pancreas?

produces enzymes to break down all types of food. produces sodium bicarbonate to neutralize the stomach acid.

Each human tooth has two main parts: a_________ crown above the gum line, and a below the gum line.

root

Secreted into the mouth by glands,____________ is a solution containing mucus, water, and salivary amylase, bicarbonate, and lysozyme.

saliva

Select the correct statements about the pancreas.

secretes insulin located in back of abdomen behind the stomach secretes enzymatic juices that aid in digestion

Which of the following is produced by the pancreas to neutralize stomach acid?

sodium bicarbonate

Salivary amylase begins the chemical digestion of

starch.