chap 12-music for moving

What is a clawhammer technique on banjo?

uses only their index finger and thumb

Which DJ, of Jamaican descent, was a seminal figure in the development of hip hop?

DJ Kool Herc

What is the connection between disco and hip hop?

Dj's borrowed tools and techniques directly from disco

Where can disco's roots can be traced to?

roots can be traced to underground parties hosted by a New York City DJ

What is the name of the tune that was not only a disco hit by the band Chic, but also an influential song in the development of hip hop?

-"Good times"

Where in New York did hip hop develop? What population is responsible for the development of hip hop culture?

-Bronx -Black youth

Where did early square dances take place? What was their purpose? What is the role of a dance caller in square dancing?

-Dances usually took place in private homes on a Saturday night -the dance caller calls out what dance to do/instructions for the dance -

Why were the first hip hop records recorded by studio musicians and unknown rappers instead of pioneering DJs and MCs?

-It was an approach to the presentation of dance music that relied on pre-existing records -Early DJs and MCs never considered making recordings

What was the role of white minstrel show performers in the popularization of the banjo?

-Minstrel troupes always included many banjo players which made it very popular -was played by jazz musicians and in banjo orchestras -banjo also spread throughout the rural South

What is the title of the first commercial hip hop song? What is the story behind it? What record label was it recorded on?

-Rappers Delight (1979) -The Sugarhill Gang was formed by New Jersey-based record producer Sylvia Robinson -She recruited three local MCs to create a hip-hop single for her label, Sugar Hill Records. -Sugar Hill Records

Which instruments are banjos descendants of? What did early banjos lack that modern banjos have?

-descended from several West African lutes innovations: -gained the flat fretboard and frets of the guitar -A fifth string was added to expand the range -Instrument bodies were often constructed out of round cheese boxes

Disco is characterized by "four-on-the-floor." What does that mean? What are other musical characteristics of the genre?

-each pulse is emphasized -persistent rhythmic groove -Dense textures compiled out of many instrumental layers

How were the banjo and fiddle introduced to America? Why are they good instruments to accompany dancing?

-fiddle was brought by immigrants from the British Isles and mainland Europe. earliest banjos were build by enslaved Africans. -

What is blackface minstrelsy? When was it popular and who performed it?

-most popular form of American entertainment for most of the 19th century -first emerged in New York City in the 1830s -performed by whites that would blacken their face and dressed to portray stock character types

What is "Arkansas Traveler" and what is its origin?

-one of the best-known Appalachian fiddle tunes -associated with a popular comedic sketch of the same name that dates from the 1820s

What was the role of the MC? What tradition is the MC an extension of?

-recite rhymes over the breaks -

What do the terms "backspinning" and "scratching" refer to? Who pioneered those techniques?

-refer to rhythmic excitement with a record. -pioneered by DJ Kool Herc

Through what type of cultural exchange was the Scotch-Irish fiddling practice transformed?

They brought tunes from the British Isles, but soon adopted black performance styles

What type of musical form is heard in the fiddle tune "Arkansas Traveler"?

binary form

What is "breaking" and where does the term come from?

breaking is the dance style that developed alongside hiphop. comes from the breaks in the song when people would dance.