Chapter 1

Who was the first African American to receive a PhD in psychology in the United States?

Francis Cecil Sumner

Which of the following is a criticism of evolutionary psychology?

It ignores non-genetic factors in determining human behavior.

Which of the following is a feminist criticism of the science of psychology?

Male bias exists in science.

William James was the ________.

first American psychologist

________ is a perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans.

humanism

Which of the following is an example of an objective measure used by functionalists?

examination of anatomy and physiology

According to Sigmund Freud, all of the following represent ways to access the unconscious mind except through ________.

the use of reinforcement and punishment

Which of the following is not involved in critical thinking?

knowing your opinion is correct

What is the number one occupation employing graduates with a BA in psychology?

mid- and top-level management

I provide Ralph with the positive reinforcement of a candy bar when he does something I like. I punish him by squirting him with a squirt gun when he does something I don't like. I am applying the principles of ________ in an attempt to modify Ralph's behavior.

operant conditioning