Chapter 1

A

Determine how many drivers are needed to staff a shift Is this an example of: A. Planning B. Organizing C. Leading D. Controlling

open

Each department is an _________ system because the actions of each department affect and are affected by the actions of the other departments and the organization as a whole.

D

Ensure that food deliveries reach customers and that supplies are returned to the office Is this an example of: A. Planning B. Organizing C. Leading D. Controlling

Behavioral Management Perspective

Management theorists developed the __________________________, which focuses on the importance of individual attitudes and group processes in the workplace.

Operations manager

________________ are responsible for the systems that generate the organization's products and services. They lead activities such as production, inventory, and quality.

Closed systems

_________________ are not affected by the external environment.

Top Managers

__________________ are the executives who manage the overall organization.

Financial managers

___________________ are responsible for the organization's financial resources. They lead activities such as accounting and investing.

Middle Managers

_____________________ implement the policies and plans of top managers and supervise lower-level managers.

Open systems

_____________________ interact with and are affected by their environment.

Marketing Managers

______________________ are responsible for getting customers or clients to use the organization's products or services. They lead activities such as market research, website traffic analysis, and new product discovery.

Effectiveness

making the right decisions and carrying them out successfully

scientific management

The theory that focuses on improving the performance of individual workers is known as _______________.

A

Which term refers to the idea that people in an organization will be productive only if managers control and coerce them? A. Theory X B. Theory Y C. Organizational behavior

Henri Fayol

Who systematized the practice of management and identified four key managerial functions: • Planning • Organizing • Leading • Controlling

Controlling

monitoring and correcting the organization's progress toward its goals

objective

These are examples of what type of data: financial data, customer survey data

C

These are examples of what: conversations with employees, a hunch A. experience B. intuition C. both

Leading

motivating and managing members of the organization to work together in the interests of the organization

Diagnostic

What skill set means to visualize the most appropriate response to a situation?

Theory Y

What theory states, "People accept work as a necessary part of life, so they will be motivated to work and accept responsibility for it under favorable conditions where they can receive rewards for reaching objectives." and "is a more optimistic view that reflects the beliefs of human relations advocates. McGregor said that Theory Y is a more appropriate view for managers to adopt."?

Theory X

What theory states, "People do not like to work and have little ambition, so managers must coerce them into working toward the organization's goals"? This theory is also more pessimistic.

Human Resource Manager

What type of manager would have this role: Designing employee compensation and benefits plans

Financial Manager

What type of manager would have this role: Managing an organization's cash reserves to earn a high yield

Time management

What skill set means to prioritize tasks, work efficiently, and delegate appropriately?

Director, Manager, Product Owner

What are some examples of job titles of middle managers?

CEO (chief executive officer), CXO (chief experience officer), CSO (chief strategy officer)

What are some examples of job titles of top managers?

planning and decision making, organizing, leading, and controlling

What are the 4 general types of activities that managers perform?

Human, Financial, Physical, Information

What are the 4 types of resources?

Technical

What skill set means to accomplish or at least understand the work done in the organization?

Interpersonal

What skill set means to communicate with and motivate individuals and groups?

Decision making

What skill set means to correctly recognize and define problems and opportunities and then choose an appropriate course of action?

Communication

What skill set means to effectively convey and receive ideas and information?

Conceptual

What skill set means to think about problems in the abstract for creative problem solving?

Marketing Manager

What type of manager would have this role: Managing the sales of products on digital platforms and in brick-and-mortar stores

B

When an organization is both effective and efficient, what is it doing? A. Engaging in activities beyond those needed to fulfill its mission, at a little extra cost B. Engaging in activities that fulfill its mission, with no unnecessary cost

A, B, and D

Which of the following are examples of improvements developed by scientific management researchers? Check all that apply. A. Job design, specialization, and training B. Identifying the essential functions of managers C. Production quotas D. Identifying the importance of how an organization is structured

Organization

a group of people working together in a structured and coordinated way to achieve a set of goals

Planning

setting an organization's goals and deciding how to achieve them

subsystems

smaller systems that operate within the context of a larger system

Management

the combining and coordinating of various resources to achieve the organization's goals

Organization managers

the people who are responsible for how well resources are used

Efficiency

using resources in a cost-effective way

system

A ____________ is an interrelated set of elements working as a whole. Any system has four basic elements: inputs, transformation processes, outputs, and feedback.

theory

A ________________ is a framework for organizing facts and knowledge that explains how they might function in the world. They are used by managers to develop ways of doing things better, so their employees and companies can succeed.

Middle manager

A manager who leads strategic projects and influences other managers across the organization is most likely a ________________.

Manager

A member of the organization whose primary responsibility is to use the organization's resources to achieve its goals is a ______________.

C

Communicate and model the company's customer service ethic Is this an example of: A. Planning B. Organizing C. Leading D. Controlling

B

Create jobs with the responsibility of giving drivers the instructions and supplies they need Is this an example of: A. Planning B. Organizing C. Leading D. Controlling

Douglas McGregor

In the 1950s, _______________________ put forward a model known as Theory X and Theory Y.

Hawthorne studies

In the ____________________, researchers discovered that workers respond positively to sympathetic managers and behave in accordance with group norms that they create themselves.

mathematical models

Management science uses __________________ to aid in decision making and measuring results.

mathmatics

Operations management uses _____________ to improve the efficiency of business operations.

human behavior

The Hawthorne studies were a series of experiments that focused on ___________ in the workplace.

Technical, Interpersonal, Conceptual, Diagnostic, Communication, Decision-making, Time Management

To fulfill their responsibilities, managers need to develop these 7 skills:

C and D

Which of the following are research findings that led to the rise of the human relations movement? Check all that apply. A. Workers compete with each other to produce more and earn higher wages. B. Workers become more productive if there is better lighting in the workplace. C. Workers become more productive if they receive special attention and sympathetic supervision from managers. D. Workers create group norms that dictate acceptable workplace behavior, including acceptable levels of productivity.

C

Which of the following is an important contribution of the quantitative management perspective to management theory? A. Standardized job tasks B. A holistic view of human behavior C. Models of complex organizational processes

Decision Making

choosing a course of action from various alternatives

Organizing

deciding how people, their activities, and the organization's resources should be grouped so that they work together in a coordinated way

First-line Managers

First-line managers supervise operating employees. Example job titles are supervisor, coordinator, and lead.

Abraham Maslow

One writer who advanced these ideas was _________________, who in 1943 proposed the hierarchy of needs. This theory holds that people are motivated to fulfill these five needs in the following order: physiological needs, safety needs, needs for love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization.

Human Relations Movement

The Hawthorne studies led to a new approach to management that focused on how social conditioning, group norms, and group dynamics affect the workplace. This approach, which came to be known as the _________________________, was founded on two assumptions: •If managers show concern for workers, the organization will have higher worker satisfaction. •Higher worker satisfaction leads to improved worker performance.

science

The ___________ of management involves using objective data in a rational and systematic way. The manager relies heavily on technical, diagnostic, and decision-making skills.

art

The ____________ of management involves using experience, intuition, and personal insights. The manager relies heavily on conceptual, communication, interpersonal, and time management skills

entropy

The decline of a system when its managers fail to monitor feedback and make appropriate adjustments to the system

A

Under the classical management perspective which theory states, "focuses on improving the performance of individual workers"? A. Scientific Management B. Administrative Management

B

Under the classical management perspective which theory states, "focuses on managing the whole organization"? It also "focuses on how organizations can better carry out these management functions, and looks at how to improve an organization's structure to help it work more efficiently". A. Scientific Management B. Administrative Management

Supervisor, Coordinator, Lead

What are some examples of job titles for first-line managers?

A and D

Which of the following are fields of study that actively contribute to the organizational behavior perspective? Check all that apply. A. Economics B. Computer science C. Mechanics D. Sociology

A and B

Which of the following are issues addressed by the organizational behavior perspective on management? Check all that apply. A. Group dynamics B. Job satisfaction C. Production quotas D. Four managerial functions

C

Which of the following is a downside of the widespread use of the quantitative management perspective? A. Managers who apply mathematical models in the workplace tend to treat workers as if they are machines. B. Its theories about human behavior may lead managers to oversimplify their expectations of people. C. Managers may perceive numbers as objective facts, but the results of quantitative analysis are only as good as the underlying assumptions.

A and C

Which of the following were key assumptions of the human relations movement? Check all that apply. A. If managers show concern for workers, employees will be more satisfied. B. If workers show concern for managers, labor-management relations will improve. C. More satisfied workers will perform better. D. Workers are more productive when allowed to manage themselves.

B

Which term refers to the idea that people in an organization will be productive if they work under favorable conditions and are rewarded for reaching objectives? A. Organizational behavior B. Theory Y C. Theory X

Frederick Taylor

Who developed the system of scientific management, where jobs are broken down into small tasks and workers are taught the most efficient way to perform each task?

To learn from mistakes and improve their performance

Why is it important that managers learn and understand the history of business?

Managers

___________ use the four types of resources to achieve organizational goals. _____________ seek to achieve the organization's goals in an efficient and effective manner.

Operations Management

_______________________ is less technical than management science, and is used to improve business operations and produce goods and services more efficiently. Examples of operations management include managing inventory, managing supply chains, and planning shipping routes.

Quantitative Management Perspective

The _________________ focuses on using mathematical models and computers to aid in decision making and increase economic effectiveness. It also has 2 branches: 1. Management Science 2. Operations Management

Universal Perspectives

The classical, behavioral, and quantitative perspectives generally hold that there is "one right way" to manage any organization. Such ideas are called _____________________ because they are thought to apply to all organizations equally.

Organizational Behavior

The current behavioral perspective on management, known as _________________________, takes into account the complexity of human behavior that affects worker performance in organizations. Research into organizational behavior draws on fields as diverse as psychology, sociology, and medicine to tackle such challenging issues as: • Job satisfaction • Employee stress • Leadership • Group dynamics • Organizational politics • Interpersonal conflict. • Diversity in the workplace

classical management perspective

The ideas that emerged in the early twentieth century to help improve the performance of individual workers and whole organizations are known collectively as the ___________________.

synergy

The improved functioning of two or more subsystems when they work together

Contingency Perspective

Theorists in the 1960s determined that no one theory works for all organizations because different organizations are in different situations, which call for different managerial behaviors. This is called the __________________________.

A and B

Which of the following are examples of improvements developed by scientific management researchers? Check all that apply. A. Job design, specialization, and training B. Production quotas C. Identifying the importance of how an organization is structured D. Identifying the essential functions of managers

A, B, and C

Which of the following are examples of new challenges managers face today? Check all that apply. A. Making business decisions based on experts' best guesses about whether a pandemic will affect a certain market B. Designing an incentive pay system that takes into account workers' group norms about acceptable production levels C. Giving employees more flexibility with when to take paid holidays, based on their religion D. Developing mathematical models to maximize the efficient allocation of company resources

Management Science

_______________________ focuses on using mathematical models to represent reality, aid in decision making and measure results. A manager might use mathematical modeling to decide how many workers should staff different facilities or set up a computer simulation to determine how well a product would withstand accidental damage.

Industrial psychology

_______________________ seeks to understand how human behavior in the workplace influences a company's productivity.

Human Resource Managers

__________________________ are responsible for the people in the organization. They lead activities such as hiring and training employees, managing employee performance, and rewarding employees with pay and benefits.