CHAPTER 1

Africans enslaved other Africans long before the arrival of European traders.

True

At the time of first contact with the Europeans, perhaps 12 million people lived in the Inca kingdom.

True

Small-scale slavery in which Indians enslaved other Indians existed in Indian society.

True

Spanish settlers in the New World comprised a mix of laborers, soldiers, priests, bureaucrats, craftsmen, and professionals.

True

To justify their colonial ventures, Spain invoked the threat of Protestantism.

True

When Columbus first sailed to America in 1492, Christian Europe was entirely Catholic| twenty-five years later, following Martin Luther's 95 Theses, the Protestant Reformation had begun, and Europe was thrown into more than 100 years of Christian religious wars.

True

A significant outcome of the Portuguese arrival in West Africa was:

an expansion of Africa's internal slave trade.

Who were the peninsulares?

persons of European birth

The chief goal of fifteenth-century Portuguese expansion was:

the establishment of a trading empire in Asia.

The reconquista happened in what year?

1492

Prior to 1800, the largest settled community in what is now the United States was:

Cahokia

Which of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence?

Cortés's conquest of the Aztecs| Las Casas's Destruction of the Indies| Spanish abolition of Indian enslavement

At the time of Portugal's Atlantic exploration, the economies of West Africa were organized chiefly around slavery.

False

Before Europeans arrived in the New World, Native Americans were without extensive trading networks, irrigation systems, or large cities.

False

Between 1492 and 1820, approximately 20 million African slaves came from the Old World to the New World.

False

In 1492, the population of Europe was greater than that of the Americas.

False

In the Spanish colonies, race and class were not important.

False

Little contact existed among the diverse Indian societies of North America.

False

New Netherland extended all the way down from Quebec to the lower Mississippi Valley.

False

Of the 10 million people who crossed the Atlantic Ocean to settle in the Americas in the 328 years from 1492 to 1820, most were white Europeans.

False

The Pueblo Revolt of 1680 was swiftly crushed by Spanish authorities.

False

Which was not expressed by Bartolomé de Las Casas in A Very Brief Account of the Destruction of the Indes in 1552?

He believed that Indians ought to be allowed to continue to practice their native faiths as a true sign of Christian love and toleration.

Which is not an achievement of the Indians of North America in the thousands of years before Columbus's arrival?

People in present-day Arizona constructed a large circle of red-earthen boulders.

Which of the following was not a notable feature of sixteenth-century Spanish America?

The Spanish crown took little interest in the administration of colonial affairs.

Which was not a characteristic of American Indians?

There were four different tribes in the Americas.