Chapter 1 A&P
Place the following in correct sequence from simplest to most complex:
2-1-4-3-5
Which of the following is the best explanation for why cells are considered the smallest units of living things.
Cells are the simplest structure to fit all of the characteristic necessary to be considered alive.
Choose the anatomical topic and definition that is not correctly matched.
Cytology: study of the structures in a particular region
Which of the following statements is the most correct regarding homeostatic imbalance?
It is considered the cause of most diseases
Which of the following imaging devices would best localize a tumor in a person's brain?
MRI
The study of anatomy and physiology assumes and describes a healthy body. Select the description below that does NOT explain why this approach is useful.
Study of a healthy body is less intimidating and more familiar new students.
One of the descriptions below is from the perspective of physiological study, the rest are from an anatomical perspective. Select the description below that comes from physiological perspective.
The contraction of smooth muscle in blood vessels (vasoconstriction) can reduce the flow of blood through the vessel.
Select the most correct statement.
The immune system is closely associated with the lymphatic system.
One of the descriptions below is from the perspective of anatomical study, the rest are from a physiological perspective. Select the description below that comes from an anatomical perspective
The innermost lining of the lungs is composed primarily of a thin tissue called simple squamous epithelium
Choose the following statement that is not completely correct regarding serous membranes.
Visceral pericardium covers the outer surface of the heart, and parietal pericardium lines the internal walls of the heart.
Homeostasis is the condition in which the body maintains ________.
a relatively stable internal environment, within limits
You are asked to draw blood from the median cubital vein. You will search for this vein in the ________.
anterior side of the elbow
Which of the following describes a parasagittal plane?
any sagittal plane except in the midline
The dorsal body cavity is the site of which of the following?
brain
Which of the following describes the operation of the heart and blood vessels?
cardiovascular physiology
The body cavities that protect the nervous system are located in the ________ cavity.
dorsal
A good example of a positive feedback mechanism would be ________.
enhancement of labor contractions
Expiration (breathing out) is how the body removes excessive carbon dioxide from the blood. This is an example of ________.
excretion of metabolic waste
What is a vertical section through the body, dividing it into anterior and posterior regions called?
frontal
The study of large body structures, visible to the naked eye, such as the heart is called ________ anatomy
gross
Anabolic reactions are chemical reactions of the body that build things, make them bigger or more complex. Catabolic reactions break things down making them smaller or less complex. If the rate of anabolic reaction in the body is much faster than the rate of catabolic reactions which of the following necessary life function will be accomplished?
growth
The thoracic cavity contains the ________. It is found ________ to the vertebral cavity.
heart and lungs: anterior
The coxal joint is most likely found in ________ region of the body.
hip
You are told to take an axillary temperature on a small child. You will place the thermometer ________.
in the armpit
Which of the following organs or structures would be found in the left iliac region?
intestines
Anatomical position is important because ________.
it allows a common point of reference for body position to help communicate anatomical relationships
In which quadrant of the abdominopelvic cavity is the stomach located?
left upper quadrant
The parietal pleura would represent a serous membrane ________.
lining the thoracic cavity
Prevention of water loss is a necessary function for life that would best fit in the category of ________.
maintaining boundaries
Which one of the following systems responds fastest to environmental stimuli?
nervous
Which of the following are survival needs of the body?
nutrients, water, atmospheric pressure, and oxygen
You are asked to take a person's heart rate at the popliteal pulse point. You will look for this pulse ________.
on the posterior side of the knee
A structure that is composed of two or more tissue types that work together to perform specific functions for the body is a(n) ________.
organ
The anatomical position is characterized by all of the following except ________.
palms turned posteriorly
It is wise to study anatomy alongside with physiology because ________.
physiology is only explainable in terms of the underlying anatomy
In which body cavities are the lungs located?
pleural, ventral, and thoracic
When a baby suckles at its mother's breast the stimulus at the breast is sent to the mother's brain (a region called the hypothalamus). The brain responds by releasing hormones to stimulate the production and the ejection of milk from the breast. This helps the newborn to receive nourishment and encourages more suckling. This example is best described as a ________.
positive feedback
Positive feedback differs from negative feedback because ________.
positive feedback tends to enhance the triggering stimulus while negative feedback tends to return the body to a homeostatic balance or "ideal" level
Some of the nerve endings in the skin are sensitive to changes in temperature. They are part of a negative feedback mechanism regulating body temperature. These nerve endings represent a(n) ________ in the negative feedback mechanism
receptor
What is a vertical section through the body, dividing it into left and right, called?
sagittal
One of the functional characteristics of life is excitability or responsiveness. This refers to ________.
sensing changes in the environment and then reacting or responding to them
Which of these is not part of the dorsal cavity?
thoracic cavity
The term pollex refers to the ________.
thumb
Histology would be best defined as a study of ________.
tissues
Generally what is the result of the negative feedback process?
to maintain homeostasis
