Chapter 1 Computer Science
During which stage does the central processing unit retrieve from main memory the next instruction in the sequence of program instructions?
Fetch
The ________ decodes an instruction and generates electrical signals.
Control Unit
The programming process consists of several steps, which include:
Design, Creating, Testing, Debugging
Internally, the CPU consists of two parts:
The Control Unit and the Arithmetic and Logic Unit
An Integrated Development Environment typically consists of:
a text editor, compiler, debugger
A variable declaration announces the name of a variable that will be used in a program, as well as:
the type of data it will be used to hold
At the heart of a computer is its central processing unit. The CPU's job is:
to fetch instructions, to carry out the operations commanded by the instructions, to produce some outcome or resultant information
The purpose of a memory address is:
to identify the location of a byte in memory
True/False: The term "bit" stands for binary digit.
true
During which stage does the central processing unit analyze the instruction and encode it in the form of a number, and then generate an electronic signal?
decode
Three primary activities of a program are:
input, processing, output
Words that have a special meaning and may be used only for their intended purpose are known as:
key words
Mistakes that cause a running program to produce incorrect results are called:
logic errors
In a broad sense, the two primary categories of programming languages are:
low-level and high-level
True/False: In C++, key words are written in all lowercase letters.
true
Which of the following is a preprocessor directive?
#include <iostream>
Which of the following best describes an operator?
An operator allows you to perform operations on one or more pieces of data.
Characters or symbols that perform operations on one or more operands are:
Operators
The computer's main memory is commonly known as:
RAM
This is a volatile type of memory, used for temporary storage.
RAM
A set of well-defined steps for performing a task or solving a problem is known as a
algorithm
are used to translate each source code instruction into the appropriate machine language instruction.
compilers
This step will uncover any syntax errors in your program.
compiling
is the most fundamental set of programs on a computer.
operating system
a set of instructions that the computer follows to solve a problem.
program
Even when there is no power to the computer, data can be held in:
secondary storage
The statements written by the programmer are called:
source code
This is a complete instruction that causes the computer to perform some action.
statement
This is a set of rules that must be followed when constructing a program.
syntax
The programmer usually enters source code into a computer using:
text editor
This term refers to the programmer reading the program from the beginning and stepping through each statement.
desk checking
In the process of translating a source file into an executable file, which of the following is the correct sequence?
Source code, preprocessor, modified source code, compiler, object code, linker, executable code.