Chapter 1: Introduction to Sociology

Which of the following men coined the term positivism, and is widely considered the father of sociology?

Auguste Comte

The process of simultaneously analyzing the behavior of individuals and the society that shapes that behavior (or, the concept that the individual and society are inseparable) is referred to as:

Figuration

Weber's proposal of antipositivism influenced sociological researchers to ______ while examining different social worlds.

Gain a subjective understanding of human cultural norms

Please define C. Wright Mill's sociological imagination.

How individuals understand their own and others' pasts in relation to history and social structure.

A paradigm can be defined as:

Philosophical and theoretical frameworks used within a discipline to formulate theories, generalizations, and the experiments performed in support of them.

_____ view society as a structure with interrelated parts designed to meet the biological and social needs of individuals who make up that society.

Structural Functionalists

Sociology is defined as the:

the systematic study of human society and social interaction

Which theorist claimed that people rise to their proper level in society based solely on their belief in a meritocracy?

Émile Durkheim

According to Durkheim, which of the following is NOT a social fact?

A religious belief, A law, A custom

A hypothesis can be defined as

A testable proposition

Jeremy wrote an essay criticizing the college admissions process, arguing that heavy competition and limited educational resources make admission difficult for the average student. Which perspective would Jeremy's argument fall under?

Conflict Theory

Max Weber, Georg Simmel, and Karl Marx were all advocates of:

Conflict theory

What approach is often used to understand what's defined as deviant within a society?

Constructivism

Qualitative sociology can be defined as:

In-depth interviews, focus groups, and/or analysis of content sources as the source of its data.

____ believed that societies grew and changed as a result of the struggles of different social classes over the means of production and greatly favored ____.

Karl Marx; Communism

Eleanor is researching the effect social media has on worldwide political awareness and revolution. Felix is examining the effect World of Warcraft has on the romantic relationships of middle-aged men in his metro area. Eleanor's analysis is _____, while Felix's analysis is _____.

Macro-level; micro-level

Alona is examining the impact of the 2011 Penn State scandal on student morale and school spirit by distributing number-scaled surveys in her Introduction to Sociology class. Alona is employing a _____ research method.

Qualitative

After weeks of protest in Zuccotti Park, NYC's "Occupy Wall Street" divided into two camps: one composed of higher income protestors, and one composed of lower-income protesters. A ______ would be most interested in the relationship and nature of day-to- day exchanges between the two groups.

Symbolic interactionist

Verstehen is defined by the text as:

To understand in a deep way.

Political science teacher Mr. Jones asks his students to study how social media can influence public opinion by "following" famous activists, academics, and politicians on Twitter. While reading and exchanging each other's Tweets, some classmates became close friends. The first is an example of the project's ____ function, the second is an example of the project's _____ function.

manifest; latent