Chapter 1 - Multiple Choice

A bit that is turned off represents the following value: __________. a.1 b.-1 c.0 d."no"

0

If you were to look at a machine language program, you would see __________. a.Java code b.a stream of binary numbers c.English words d.circuits

a stream of binary numbers

A __________ is enough memory to store a letter of the alphabet or a small number. a.byte b.bit c.switch d.transistor

byte

A(n) __________ is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task. a.compiler b.program c.interpreter d.programming language

program

A type of memory that can hold data for long periods of time—even when there is no power to the computer-is called __________. a.RAM b.main memory c.secondary storage d.CPU storage

secondary storage

A component that collects data from people or other devices and sends it to the computer is called __________. a.an output device b.an input device c.a secondary storage device d.main memory

an input device

A byte is made up of eight __________. a.CPUs b.instructions c.variables d.bits

bits

A(n) __________ program translates a high-level language program into a separate machine language program. a.assembler b.compiler c.translator d.utility

compiler

Real numbers are encoded using the __________ technique. a.two's complement b.floating-point c.ASCII d.Unicode

floating-point

The physical devices that a computer is made of are referred to as __________. a.hardware b.software c.the operating system d.tools

hardware

Computers can only execute programs that are written in __________. a.Java b.assembly language c.machine language d.C++

machine language

The computer stores a program while the program is running, as well as the data that the program is working with, in __________. a.secondary storage b.the CPU c.main memory d.the microprocessor

main memory

Today, CPUs are small chips known as __________. a.ENIACs b.microprocessors c.memory chips d.operating systems

microprocessors

A video display is a(n) __________. a.output device b.input device c.secondary storage device d.main memory

output device

The tiny dots of color that digital images are composed of are called __________. a.bits b.bytes c.color packets d.pixels

pixels

Negative numbers are encoded using the __________ technique. a.two's complement b.floating-point c.ASCII d.Unicode

two's complement

This is a volatile type of memory that is used only for temporary storage while a program is running. a.RAM b.secondary storage c.the disk drive d.the USB drive

RAM

An extensive encoding scheme that can represent the characters of many of the languages in the world is __________. a.binary numbering b.ASCII c.Unicode d.ENIAC

Unicode

The __________ translates an assembly language program to a machine language program. a.assembler b.compiler c.translator d.interpreter

assembler

In a(n) __________ numbering system, all numeric values are written as sequences of 0s and 1s. a.hexadecimal b.binary c.octal d.decimal

binary

In the __________ part of the fetch-decode-execute cycle, the CPU determines which operation it should perform. a.fetch b.decode c.execute d.immediately after the instruction is executed

decode

The words that make up a high-level programming language are called __________. a.binary instructions b.mnemonics c.commands d.key words

mnemonics

The rules that must be followed when writing a program are called __________. a.syntax b.punctuation c.key words d.operators

syntax

The part of a computer that runs programs is called __________. a.RAM b.secondary storage c.main memory d.the CPU

the CPU

A set of 128 numeric codes that represent the English letters, various punctuation marks, and other characters is __________. a.binary numbering b.ASCII c.Unicode d.ENIAC

ASCII