Chapter 1: Psychology

Which methodology would a psychologist use to determine if the length of time individuals have been in a committed relationship is associated with an increase or decrease in the quality of the relationship? - Correlation - Naturalistic observation - Experiment - Case study

Correlation

Psychology can be defined as _________ - the scientific study of the brain - the scientific study of behavior and mental processes - the scientific study of the mind - the scientific study of emotion and cognition

the scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Which psychologist would most likely work with a law firm on issues concerning jury selection? - Environmental psychologist - Industrial psychologist - Forensic psychologist - Clinical psychologist

Forensic psychologist

A source of bias that may occur in research findings when participants are allowed to choose for themselves a certain treatment in a scientific study is called a _________.

selection factor

Which perspective would study intrusive thoughts that are thoughts that become stuck in one's mind? - Biological - Cognitive - Learning - Humanistic-existential

Cognitive

Which psychologist would most likely work with an individual on a behavioral program to quit smoking? - Health psychologist - Clinical psychologist - Counseling psychologist - Experimental psychologist

Health psychologist

A psychologist would use __________ to study the social behavior of wild African hunting dogs in the field - Case study - Naturalistic observation - Correlation - Survey

Naturalistic observation

The Greek Philosopher _____________ believed that human differed form other animals in their ability to engage in rational thought.

Aristotle

Which methodology would a psychologist use to determine whether the type of music (classical, country, or hip-hop) someone listened to while exercising caused a change in the intensity of the workout? - Experiment - Correlation - Naturalistic observation - Survey

Experiment

Which psychologist would most likely work with an individual on a behavioral program to quit smoking? - Experimental psychologist - Clinical psychologist - Counseling psychologist - Health psychologist

Health psychologist

Which psychologist would most likely work with a law firm on issues concerning jury selection? - Environmental psychologist - Forensic psychologist - Industrial psychologist - Clinical psychologist

Forensic psychologist

What is typically the first step in the research process? - Stating a hypothesis - Collecting evidence or observations - Drawing conclusions - Formulating a research question

Formulating a research question

Which school of psychology posits that learning is active and purposeful, and not just responsive and mechanical? - Gestalt - Structuralism - Behaviorism - Functionalism

Gestalt

A psychologist is interested in studying whether high school students who eat dinner with their families most weeknights are more introverted than high school students who eat dinner with their social group of friends most weeknights. What perspective most likely influenced this psychologist? - Sociocultural - Psychodynamic - Biological - Cognitive

Sociocultural

The school of psychology that focuses on three basic elements-sensations, feelings, and images- that combine to form experience is known as ____________

Structuralism

The human resources director at a company wants to determine which benefits its employees value the most. Which procedure should they use to gather an unbiased sample? - Sending an email to all employees and asking them to complete a survey - Surveying the first 25 employee names on an alphabetized list - Asking their friends who work at the company which benefits they value - Surveying a random sample of all employees

Surveying a random sample of all employees