chapter 10-14 american yawp
Confederate Vice President Alexander Stephen's influential "Cornerstone Speech" declared that the cornerstone of the Confederacy rests _________________.
"upon the great truth that the negro is not equal to the white man; that slavery... is his natural and normal condition"
Black men made up what percent of the Union army?
10%
American antislavery shifted from gradualism to immediatism during which decade?
1830s
Which of the following numbers is closest to the number of enslaved people living in the South in 1860?
4 million
The discovery of gold caused San Francisco's population to grow from about 500 in 1848 to almost ______ by 1853?
50,000
By 1860, cotton exports made up ____ of all American exports.
60%
The Civil war resulted in approximately how many deaths?
750,000
The "Gag Rule" was designed to eliminate the voice of which group in Congress?
Abolitionists
What were the consequences of the Mexican-American War?
Added American territory, Elevated Zachary Taylor to the presidency, and provided a training ground for future Civil War commanders
Which of the following statements describes the process of emancipation?
African Americans took action into their own hands and forced the Union to create a policy; the First Confiscation Act provided the roots of emancipation, as Congress empowered military leaders to provide freedom to enslaved persons; the Thirteenth Amendment declared that slavery was illegal in all American territory
What was the name given to the anti-alcohol movement during this era?
American Temperance Society
Transcendentalism initially began among which group?
American clergymen
Which of the following statements best describes the status of Calvinism during the Second Great Awakening?
Americans were turning away from Calvinism during the Second Great Awakening
This battle was the first major battle on Union soil and remains the bloodiest single day in American history:
Antietam
Which of the following social changes enabled women to take prominent roles in social reform movements?
As women moved outside the household, they were able to devote time to other causes
Which of the following most accurately describes the approach of the Democratic Party of Andrew Jackson as it relates to the issue of slavery?
Avoided the issue whenever possible
The majority of black Union soldiers had ___________.
Been born enslaved.
What was the impact of Nat Turner's rebellion?
Black-led churches were broken up, anti-literacy laws increased, transformed southern religion
Why didn't the United States immediately annex Texas?
Both because of concerns regarding war with Mexico and imbalance of adding a large slave state
What was the term for a region greatly affected by the revivals of the Second Great Awakening?
Burned-Over District
Which of the following countries did NOT see an attempt by filibusters to add territory to America?
Canada
Which of the following descriptions most accurately describes "disinterested benevolence?"
Christianity requires that a person give up self-love in favor of loving others
In which region was ethnic homogeneity the strongest among enslaved people?
Coastal South Carolina
Which of the following Native American groups most troubled Mexican authorities?
Comanche
The Missouri Crisis began when __________.
Congressional representative James Tallmadge proposed laws that would gradually abolish slavery in the new state
Tribal nations west of the Mississippi blended traditional cultural practices, including common land systems, with western practices including which of the following?
Constitutional governments, Public schools, and Slavery
All the following southern following crops required cities to facilitate export, marketing, and/or storage
Cotton, rice, and wheat
What was the goal of the Anaconda Plan?
Cut off access to coastal ports and inland waterways
What was the primary cause of the 1839 division in the American Antislavery Society?
Disagreements over the usefulness of electoral politics and the importance of women's rights
What proved to be the most deadly aspect of the Civil War?
Disease
What term best describes newspaper coverage of the Mexican-American War?
Divided
Which of the following best describes the relationship of femininity and domesticity in the South?
Domesticity limited the opportunities of wealthy white women to engage in the public sphere
Which of the following best describes the goals of the Liberty Party?
End the slave trade and halt the expansion of slavery
Which of the following denominations benefitted the least from the Second Great Awakening?
Episcopalians
What was the primary goal of American foreign policy in the antebellum era?
Expansion of economic opportunity
Women on both sides of the war contributed to the conflict by performing all of the following EXCEPT
Filling shortages of men by serving in state legislatures
What was the term for radical southerners who promoted secession as early as 1850?
Fire-eaters
As an escaped slave, __________________ was one of the most prominent leaders in the abolitionist movement. The Narrative of his life was widely read and he travelled around the US and to England to spread the movement.
Frederick Douglass
Seminole Indians were aided by what group during the Second Seminole War?
Free blacks and escaped slaves
What battle resulted from Lee's plan to win in northern territory and end the war?
Gettysburg
Why did Andrew Jackson, and most Americans, support Indian Removal?
Give white farmers access to fertile soil, Make it easier for Indians to convert to Christianity, and Freeing up land for mining
All of the following events contributed to the sectional crisis, but which of these events occurred first?
Haitian revolution
What happened to Nat Turner?
He was executed
Why did the Republican Party nominate Abraham Lincoln for the presidency?
He was less polarizing than the other candidates
The Monroe Doctrine was created partially as a response to which of the following international threats?
Incursions from the Russians in the northwest portions of the North American continent, Fears of a Spanish reconquest of South America, and Concerns over British abolitionists in the Caribbean
What cleared the way for eastern people to resettle in the Deep South?
Indian Removal Act of 1830
What was the primary goal of John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry?
Inspire a slave revolt
All of the following are true about Uncle Tom's Cabin EXCEPT
It was the most widely purchased book in the nineteenth century
The founder of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (or Mormons) was
Joseph Smith
The Compromise of 1850 included a much harsher fugitive slave law. It also included all of the following EXCEPT
Kansas entered the union as a slave state
All of the following statements about the battle of Gettysburg are true EXCEPT
Lasted a single day
Which African country was founded by African Americans?
Liberia
What was the specific spark that ignited the Mexican-American War?
Mexican cavalrymen attacked U.S. soldiers in the disputed territory of the Nueces Strip
What was Mexico's position on slavery immediately prior to the Texas Revolution?
Mexico abolished slavery in 1829
What provided the greatest boost to Abraham Lincoln's 1864 reelection?
Military success of William T. Sherman
How did the Missouri state legislature answer the question of whether African Americans could have citizenship?
Missouri denied African Americans citizenship
How did the Second Great Awakening promote "spiritual egalitarianism?"
Occasionally providing women with opportunities to openly express themselves and participate in spiritual communities; expressing equal concern for white and black people's spiritual salvation; flouting the codes of self-restraint prescribed by upper-class elites
Which of the following ideals represented an American innovation in nineteenth-century Atlantic intellectual trends?
Orientation toward the future rather than the past
What was the function of southern dueling?
Preserving the honor of both participants
The Missouri Compromise did all of the following EXCEPT
Propose popular sovereignty as the determination of whether states would have slavery
Which of the following had the greatest influence on William Lloyd Garrison's move from gradualism to immediatism?
Reading fiery tracts penned by black northerners David Walker and James Forten
How did evangelicalism influence racial relations in the U.S. South?
Reinforced proslavery ideas, Increased the prevalence of Protestantism among African Americans, and Created bi-racial congregations
All of the following are true about the political consequences of the Kansas-Nebraska Act EXCEPT
Resulted in the assault of a southern Senator
What was the most consequential result of the Dred Scott decision?
Ruled that black Americans could not be citizens
What was the result of the 1842 Supreme Court case Prigg v. Pennsylvania?
Ruled that the federal government's Fugitive Slave Act trumped Pennsylvania's personal liberty law
In the decades before the Civil War, between one-fifth and one-third of all slave marriages were broken up via _________.
Sale or forced migration
Who led the March to the Sea?
Sherman
What was the key issue that divided the Democratic Party in 1860?
Slavery
What was the "cult of true womanhood?"
Social standards that emphasized piety, purity, domesticity, and submissiveness
The ___________ tended to have more competent commanders than the _________.
South, North
Where was the Southern middle class the strongest?
Southern cities
Which benevolent movement enjoyed the most success during the 1820s?
Temperance
William Lloyd Garrison's paper's name was the _____________________
The Liberator
Which of the following most accurately describes the Know-Nothing Party?
The formed to oppose immigration
One of the driving forces for many of the religious movements during this time was
The imminent return of Jesus in the Second Coming.
The idea of Manifest Destiny meant which of the following?
The strength of American values and institutions justified moral claims to leadership, Lands on the North American continent west of the Mississippi River (and later into the Caribbean) were destined for political and agricultural improvement, and God and the Constitution ordained an irrepressible destiny to accomplish redemption and democratization
Why did Union soldiers feel that it was so important to defend the Union?
They feared that if a minority could dissolve part of the country whenever they lost a fair and open election, then this great experiment would collapse; the Union represented the best hope for human rights; if the Union dissolved, it would mean that a democratic people could not govern
Why did Celia kill her enslaver?
To escape rape
Most of the fighting in the Civil War took place in _________.
Virginia
Which of the following mounted the longest and most successful challenge to the power of the Democratic Party?
Whig Party
In a world of racialized violence and dominance, southern society sought to protect the sexual purity of _________
White women
Which of the following came first?
Women began forming antislavery societies
Female activists used which of the following expectations of gender to justify social activism
Women were expected to be the moral caretakers of the home and therefore it was their duty to speak out on moral issues
The motto of the Republican Party in 1854 was "free soil, free labor, and ____________."
free men
Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address ends: "With _______ toward none with ________ for all with firmness in the right as God gives us to see the right let us strive on to finish the work we are in to bind up the nation's wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle and for his widow and his orphan ~ to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations."
malice, charity
According to your professor (and historian James McPherson), secession is best understood as a _________________ ___________________________.
preemptive counter revolution
