Chapter 10

Functions of the muscles that form the rotator cuff.

Allows for rotation of the arm Holds the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity

Sternocleidomastoid

Among the lateral neck muscles, the muscle that acts as the prime mover to flex the head is the

Sclera

Because their role is to move the eyeball, all of the extrinsic eye muscles have insertions on the :

Extrinsic muscles

By definition, ________ cause an action in a particular region but have their origin in another region.

Intrinsic muscles

By definition, muscles that are located within the structure being moved are known as

Antagonist

A muscle that acts in opposition to an agonist is an

Agonist (prime mover)

A muscle that produces most of the force during a particular joint action is an

Bone attachment sites Number of heads Function

Characteristics used in the naming of individual muscles

Rotation of the neck toward the opposite side; flexion of the neck

Contraction of the sternocleidomastoid on one side will result in _______ and contraction of both sides together result in ________.

Diaphragm

Dome-shaped muscle dividing thorax from abdomen Involved in quiet inspiration Innervated by the phrenic nerve

Belly

In Skeletal muscle, the broad, thicker part of the muscle between the origin and insertion is the

Gluteus medius Tensor fasciae latae

Medially rotate the thigh

Flexion

Most of the anterior neck muscles are involved in ____ of the head

Rotator cuff

Muscle that is primarily responsible for holding the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity

Synergists

Muscles that work together to produce a movement are called

Diaphragm

Name the muscle which decreases the volume of the thorax when it relaxes and is Innervated by the phrenic nerve:

Linea alba

The band of tough connective tissue at the midline of the abdomen is the

Perineum

The diamond shaped area inferior to the pelvic diaphragm is referred to as the:

Insertion

The end of the biceps brachii that attaches to the radius is called its

Origin

The end of the biceps brachii that attaches to the scapula and the humerus is called its

Help change shape and move the tongue

What are the roles of the extrinsic tongue muscles?

Communication through facial expressions

What is the main role of the cutaneous Skeletal muscles of the face?

Change the shape of the tongue

What is the role of the intrinsic tongue muscles?

Anterior

Flexion of the head is accomplished by the _______ neck muscles.

Anterior abdominal wall muscles

Flexion of vertebral column Rotation of vertebral column Protection Aids in urinary and digestive system Decrease volume of abdominal cavity

Laterally rotate thigh

Gluteus maximus, piriformis, adductor longus

Head

If a muscle has multiple origins, what is each origin called?

Lateral flexion Rotation Extension

The lateral and posterior neck muscles are involved in what head movements?

Action

The movement accomplished by contraction of a muscle is referred to as the muscle's

Supination (is an act of the forearm)

The muscles acting on the arm can result in all of the following movements of the arm EXCEPT:

Skin

The muscles of the facial expression attach to the ______.

Breathing

The muscles of the thorax are mostly involved in what action?

Extension Lateral flexion Rotation

The muscles of the vertebral column have what general actions?

Origin

The site of muscle attachment that does not move during contraction is its

Insertion

The site of muscle attachment that moves during contraction

Insertion

The site of muscle attachment that moves during contraction is called

Tongue

The structure that moves food around the mouth and modifies sounds during speech is the ______.

Chewing

The temporalis, masseter lateral pterygoid and the medial pterygoid are all considered muscles of ________.

As fixators and to permit a wide range of upper limb movements

The trapezius, levator scapulae, rhomboideus and serrator anterior function _______.

1. Transversus abdominus 2. Internal oblique 3. External oblique

Three layers of the lateral abdominal wall in order from deep to superficial.

Muscles insert upon the scapula and attach the scapula to the thorax

Trapezius, levator scapulae, rhomboideus major and rhomboideus minor, serrator anterior and pecktoralis minor