Chapter 10
Functions of the muscles that form the rotator cuff.
Allows for rotation of the arm Holds the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity
Sternocleidomastoid
Among the lateral neck muscles, the muscle that acts as the prime mover to flex the head is the
Sclera
Because their role is to move the eyeball, all of the extrinsic eye muscles have insertions on the :
Extrinsic muscles
By definition, ________ cause an action in a particular region but have their origin in another region.
Intrinsic muscles
By definition, muscles that are located within the structure being moved are known as
Antagonist
A muscle that acts in opposition to an agonist is an
Agonist (prime mover)
A muscle that produces most of the force during a particular joint action is an
Bone attachment sites Number of heads Function
Characteristics used in the naming of individual muscles
Rotation of the neck toward the opposite side; flexion of the neck
Contraction of the sternocleidomastoid on one side will result in _______ and contraction of both sides together result in ________.
Diaphragm
Dome-shaped muscle dividing thorax from abdomen Involved in quiet inspiration Innervated by the phrenic nerve
Belly
In Skeletal muscle, the broad, thicker part of the muscle between the origin and insertion is the
Gluteus medius Tensor fasciae latae
Medially rotate the thigh
Flexion
Most of the anterior neck muscles are involved in ____ of the head
Rotator cuff
Muscle that is primarily responsible for holding the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity
Synergists
Muscles that work together to produce a movement are called
Diaphragm
Name the muscle which decreases the volume of the thorax when it relaxes and is Innervated by the phrenic nerve:
Linea alba
The band of tough connective tissue at the midline of the abdomen is the
Perineum
The diamond shaped area inferior to the pelvic diaphragm is referred to as the:
Insertion
The end of the biceps brachii that attaches to the radius is called its
Origin
The end of the biceps brachii that attaches to the scapula and the humerus is called its
Help change shape and move the tongue
What are the roles of the extrinsic tongue muscles?
Communication through facial expressions
What is the main role of the cutaneous Skeletal muscles of the face?
Change the shape of the tongue
What is the role of the intrinsic tongue muscles?
Anterior
Flexion of the head is accomplished by the _______ neck muscles.
Anterior abdominal wall muscles
Flexion of vertebral column Rotation of vertebral column Protection Aids in urinary and digestive system Decrease volume of abdominal cavity
Laterally rotate thigh
Gluteus maximus, piriformis, adductor longus
Head
If a muscle has multiple origins, what is each origin called?
Lateral flexion Rotation Extension
The lateral and posterior neck muscles are involved in what head movements?
Action
The movement accomplished by contraction of a muscle is referred to as the muscle's
Supination (is an act of the forearm)
The muscles acting on the arm can result in all of the following movements of the arm EXCEPT:
Skin
The muscles of the facial expression attach to the ______.
Breathing
The muscles of the thorax are mostly involved in what action?
Extension Lateral flexion Rotation
The muscles of the vertebral column have what general actions?
Origin
The site of muscle attachment that does not move during contraction is its
Insertion
The site of muscle attachment that moves during contraction
Insertion
The site of muscle attachment that moves during contraction is called
Tongue
The structure that moves food around the mouth and modifies sounds during speech is the ______.
Chewing
The temporalis, masseter lateral pterygoid and the medial pterygoid are all considered muscles of ________.
As fixators and to permit a wide range of upper limb movements
The trapezius, levator scapulae, rhomboideus and serrator anterior function _______.
1. Transversus abdominus 2. Internal oblique 3. External oblique
Three layers of the lateral abdominal wall in order from deep to superficial.
Muscles insert upon the scapula and attach the scapula to the thorax
Trapezius, levator scapulae, rhomboideus major and rhomboideus minor, serrator anterior and pecktoralis minor