Chapter 10: Nutrition during Pregnancy
The nurse is caring for a young mother who is taking antibiotics. Which response by the nurse is appropriate when the patient asks if she should stop breastfeeding her infant?
"Be sure to let your primary health care provider know you are breastfeeding."
The nurse is caring for a patient who is currently breastfeeding a 3-month-old infant. The patient indicates that she is considering feeding the infant cow's milk because the infant does not seem satisfied with breast milk and gets fussy after feedings. Which response by the nurse is appropriate?
"Cow's milk can cause harm in the baby's first year of life."
Which statement reflects an accurate understanding of sources of easily absorbed forms of folate?
"Enriched grain and flour products are fortified cereals are great sources of easily absorbed folate."
The pregnant patient tells the nurse that she needs to add more vitamin D to her diet, but doesn't enjoy drinking milk and "is so picky with lots of foods." Which recommendation is appropriate for the nurse to make?
"If you find it hard to include food sources of vitamin D in your diet, exposure to the sunlight can provide you with this."
Which statement is correct regarding meeting nutrition needs during the second trimester without gaining excess weight?
"In the second trimester, you can meet additional kilocalorie needs by adding one snack a day, like a banana or yogurt."
Which statement is most accurate concerning alcohol use during pregnancy?
"No safe level of alcohol use has been established for pregnant women."
A new mother is concerned that she is not making enough breast milk to feed her baby. Which suggestion from the nurse is appropriate?
"Take some time for yourself to decompress."
A new mother asks the nurse, "What are some specific health benefits to nursing?" Which response by the nurse would be appropriate? -"Helps the mother and infant bond" -"Boosts the baby's immune system" -"Helps reduce the size of the uterus" -"Fast and economical way to provide nutrients to the baby" -"Maintains pre-pregnancy weight to ensure you have energy reserves"
-"Helps the mother and infant bond" -"Boosts the baby's immune system" -"Helps reduce the size of the uterus" -"Fast and economical way to provide nutrients to the baby"
Hindmilk
-Creamy appearance -High in fat-soluble vitamins and other nutrients
What guidance can be given to the pregnant client to help address heartburn associated with pregnancy? Select all that apply. -Eat several small meals a day -Increase fluid intake -Use pyridoxine supplements daily -Avoid eating large meals at one sitting -Avoid lying down immediately after a meal
-Eat several small meals a day -Avoid eating large meals at one sitting -Avoid lying down immediately after a meal
Which resource can assist lactating mothers in finding healthy meal options that meet their nutritional requirements? Select all that apply. -MyPlate.gov -Le Leche League -American Academy of Pediatrics -National Center for Health Statistics -Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)
-MyPlate.gov -Le Leche League -Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)
Miss Jones is halfway through her second trimester and is gaining an average of 0.5 pounds per week. This below-average weight gain puts her and the baby at risk for which conditions? -Preterm delivery -Maternal diabetes -Childhood diabetes -Low birth weight infant -Maternal hypertension
-Preterm delivery -Low birth weight infant
Suckling stimulates the pituitary gland to produce two hormones:
-Prolactin -Oxytocin
Midmilk
-The gradula transitioning of increase fat concentration from foremilk to hindmilk during feeding
Foremilk
-Watery -Low in calories -High in water-soluble vitamins and protein -May resemble skim milk
Colostrum Composition
-Yellow fluid -High in antibodies -Contrains about 20%
Which range is the target weight gain for all pregnant women during the first trimester?
0.5 to 2.0 kg
Which food provides a good source of vitamin A for the lactating mother?
1 small sweet potato
For up to how many months is breastfeeding recommended?
12
Which drinks are acceptable to include in the mother's diet during lactation?
12 oz. of milk
Fluid intake for the breastfeeding mother should increase to _____ liters/day.
3
What is the daily recommended fluid intake for breastfeeding mothers?
3-4 L
Due to uncertainties about the fetal effects of maternal consumption of caffeine, what maximum amount should the nurse recommend to newly pregnant clients to prevent possible complications such as first-trimester spontaneous abortion?
300 mg/day
What is the estimated increased calorie recommendations for the lactating mother in the first 6 months of lactation?
330 kcal/day
Prolactin
Activates milk production in the breast.
which helps meet some of the extra energy needs required by lactation in the postpartum mother?
Adipose tissue deposited in the mother during pregnancy.
Which component of human milk most accounts for the breastfed infant's improved immune system functioning?
Antibodies
Oxytocin
Causes a release of milk in the nipple.
The first milk after birth is
Colostrum
Yellow antibody-rich milk
Colostrum
Which vitamin should be supplemented at least 2 months before conception to prevent neural tube defects?
Folate
Watery with protein
Foremilk
Rich in fat-soluble vitamins
Hindmilk
Which part of the mother's body receives a nerve impulse when the infant suckles at the breast?
Hypothalamus
What is the most common cause of anemia in pregnancy?
Iron deficiency
Which is correct regarding increased energy needs during pregnancy?
Metabolic needs change when building new tissue.
The nurse is interviewing a mother 4 months postpartum who has recently returned to her office job. she finds it challenging to stimulate her let-down reflex using a breast pump while away from her infant. The client explains that she expresses milk in a small office without a lock on the door and is always worried a coworker will come in. Which hormone is most likely being inhibited during the mother's pumping sessions?
Oxytocin
Which hormone is responsible for the phenomenon of a breastfeeding mother's milk leaking when she sees another infant?
Oxytocin
Which statement is true regarding the protein needs of a lactating mother?
Protein supports the mother and the rapid growth of the infant.
The nurse is reviewing the daily food log of a pregnant patient with anemia who takes daily iron supplements. Which food item should the nurse question?
Scrambled eggs
When attempting to meet the nutritional needs of diverse clients during pregnancy, what is the most important factor to consider?
Specific nutrients, not specific foods, are required for a successful pregnancy.
Which role does prolactin play in the process of breastfeeding?
Stimulates the production of breastmilk in the alveoli
"let down"
The process of milk moving down from the milk-producing cells to the nipple
