Chapter 10 Respiratory System

Ventilation is governed by Boyle's Law, which states that at a constant temperature -the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume. -the solubility of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume. -the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its volume. -the solubility of a gas is directly proportional to its volume.

the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume.

The lungs are located in---- the cavity.

thoracic

The volume of air that is moved in and out of the lungs during a normal breath is the residual volume. tidal volume. inspiratory reserve volume. vital capacity.

tidal volume.

The tube that extends from the larynx to the primary bronchi is the-------

trachea

The windpipe is also called the-------

trachea

Place the following in the correct sequence as air would flow through them while entering the human respiratory system.

trachea bronchi bronchioles alveoli

True or false: Blood in the pulmonary capillaries has a higher partial pressure of carbon dioxide than atmospheric air does. Therefore, carbon dioxide diffuses out of the plasma into the lungs.

true

True or false: The pharynx is also referred to as the "throat". True False

true

The larynx, nasal cavities, and pharynx are components of the respiratory tract.

upper

The maximum amount of air that can be moved into the lungs plus the maximum amount that can be moved out of the lungs during a single breath is called the------- capacity

vital

The maximum volume of air moved in the lungs along with the maximum amount moved out of the lungs is the inspiratory reserve volume. vital capacity. residual volume. tidal volume.

vital capacity.

What is the approximate tidal volume of an average adult human? 5 liters 2900 ml 500 ml 1200 ml

500

Select all obstructive pulmonary disorders from the list. pulmonary fibrosis asthma laryngitis chronic bronchitis emphysema

asthma chronic bronchitis emphysema

Where does external respiration take place? between the alveoli of the lungs and capillary blood inside the body cells to produce ATP between capillary blood and cells of the body

between the alveoli of the lungs and capillary blood

n humans, the rhythm of breathing is ultimately controlled by a respiratory control center located in the brain. aorta. lungs. heart.

brain

The trachea attaches directly to two tubes that lead into the lungs. These tubes are called the primary-------

bronchi

An infection of primary and secondary bronchi is called acute------

bronchitis

Select the muscles that contract during inspiration. abdominal wall muscles diaphragm external intercostals internal intercostals

diaphragm external intercostals

Select all correct descriptions of the structure of human lungs. each lung is divided into lobes each lung lobule contains many alveoli each lung lobe is divided into many lobules each alveolus is further divided into many subalveoli there are two lungs on the right side of the trachea, but only one lung on the left

each lung is divided into lobes each lung lobule contains many alveoli each lung lobe is divided into many lobules

The passive phase of breathing, requiring no effort, is called

exhalation

Gas exchange between air in the alveoli and blood in pulmonary capillaries is called cellular respiration. internal respiration. external respiration.

external respiration.

What is the function of the hairs located in the nasal cavity? detect odors provide a mucus barrier detect air pressure filter the air

filter the air

Respiration includes which of these? (Select all that apply) defecation inspiration ventilation expiration mastication

inspiration ventilation expiration

In humans the------lung normally has two lobes, and the-------lung has three lobes.

left right

The bronchial tree, lungs, and trachea are components of the ----- respiratory tract.

lower

The bronchial tree, lungs, and trachea are components of the------respiratory tract.

lower

The two cone-shaped organs on either side of the heart in the thoracic cavity are the

lungs

Select all of the structures that are part of the lower respiratory tract. pharynx lungs alveoli bronchioles trachea

lungs alveoli bronchioles trachea

In humans, the respiratory control center is located in which part of the brain? hypothalamus medulla oblongata thalamus amygdala

medulla oblongata

In humans, the respiratory control center is located in which part of the brain? thalamus hypothalamus medulla oblongata amygdala

medulla oblongata

Select all components of the upper respiratory alveoli tract. nasal cavities larynx pharynx trachea

nasal cavities larynx pharynx

Select all components of the upper respiratory tract. trachea nasal cavities pharynx larynx alveoli

nasal cavities pharynx larynx

In a material that contains a mixture of gases, the amount of pressure each gas exerts is called its------- pressure.

partial

The portion of the respiratory system that connects the nasal and oral cavities to the larynx is the trachea. auditory tube. bronchus. pharynx.

pharynx

Which respiratory illnesses is most often characterized by a high fever? chronic bronchitis pneumonia acute bronchitis lung cancer

pneumonia

The respiratory passages that lead directly from the trachea into the lungs are the left and right tracheae. primary bronchi. alveoli. bronchioles.

primary bronchi.

Select all of the following that describes expiration. -internal intercostal muscles pull the ribs inward -rib cage moves down and in -pressure in the lungs decreases -diaphragm relaxes and moves up

rib cage moves down and in diaphragm relaxes and moves up

The fungal-like organism Pneumocystis carinii is an opportunistic pathogen that commonly causes pneumonia in patients with AIDS. Alzheimer disease. cancer. diabetes.

AIDS.

Select all of the factors that are required for ventilation. -a column of air from the pharynx to the alveoli -the abdominal cavity must be sealed -when pressure in the lung increases air rushes in -the lungs adhere to the thoracic wall by the pleura

a column of air from the pharynx to the alveoli the lungs adhere to the thoracic wall by the pleura

Inspiration occurs because -the diaphragm relaxes and moves up. -a creation of a partial vacuum in the alveoli causes air to enter the lungs. -a creation of a partial vacuum in the bronchioles causes air to enter the lungs. -the rib cage moves down and in.

a creation of a partial vacuum in the alveoli causes air to enter the lungs.

Which of the following characterizes acute bronchitis? Select all that apply. an infection of the alveoli an upper respiratory infection a deep cough which expectorates mucus an infection of the primary bronchi an infection of secondary bronchi

a deep cough which expectorates mucus an infection of the primary bronchi an infection of secondary bronchi