Chapter 10
Researchers estimate the heritability of extraverted personality is
40% to 60%
According to Jung's hypothesis, which of the following refers to the primitive images contained in the collective unconscious?
Archetypes
_______ in part reflects the horrors of mass destruction of human life through war and genocide, frequent events in the 20th century.
Existentialism
Identify the factors that make up the Big Five factor model.
Extraversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness
_______ tests are tests whose items must be answered in a specified, limited manner and have concrete answers.
Objective
According to behaviorists, personality is formed by _________.
Situational or environmental influences
Observational learning is one of the foundations of _________.
Social cognitive theory
Which of the following is a focus of Erikson's theory of personality and development?
Social relationships
________ is the process by which test scores from various population groups, are obtained and organized so that the test results can be compared to those with similar demographic profiles.
Standardization
Which of the following Freudian psychic structures is present in a person at birth?
The Id
Which of the following is a focus of the psychodynamic theory?
The far-reaching effects of childhood events on personality.
The __________ mind contains primitive instincts such as sex and aggression.
Unconscious
Celia is taking an interest inventory. One of the questions asks her to select her preferred activity from among traveling, reading books, and cooking. The question does not give her a "none of the above" option. What is the format of the interest inventory called?
Forced-choice format
Which fo the following is true of collectivists?
They are more likely to conform to group judgements
Research on acculturation shows that people who do not fully surrender their traditional backgrounds:
Have higher self-esteem than those who do
While on a study tour, Kruti realized how the trip had really helped her gain perspective on her life and why she is working towards earning her degree. What theory best explains this?
Humanism
Which of the following is true of the trait theory?
It focuses on describing traits rather than on tracing their origins.
_________ are beliefs that we can accomplish certain things.
Self-efficacy expectations
In the context of the five-factor model, which of the following traits are characteristic of neuroticism?
Nervousness, moodiness, and sensitivity to negative stimuli
_______ can be defined as the reasonably stable patterns of emotions, motives, and behavior that distinguish one person from another.
Personality
