Chapter 11
Similarity attraction approach
people tend to be attracted to others who are perceived as similar
Action teams
perform tasks that are normally limited in duration
Team task roles
refer to the behaviors that directly facilitate the accomplishment of team tasks
Team building roles
refer to the behaviors that influence the quality of the team's social climate
Parallel teams
composed of members from various jobs who provide recommendations to managers about important issues that run "parallel" to the organization's production process
Team
consists of two or more people who work interdependently over some time period to accomplish common goals related to some task-oriented purpose
Additive tasks
contributions resulting from the abilities of every member "add up" to determine team performance
Role
defined as a pattern of behavior that a person is expected to display in a given context
Work teams
designed to be relatively permanent and to produce goods or services, and they generally require a full-time commitment from their members
Sequential interdependence
different tasks are done in a prescribed order, and the group is structured such that the members specialize in these tasks
Value in diversity problem solving approach
diversity in teams is beneficial because it provides a larger pool of knowledge and perspectives from which a team can draw as it carries out its work
Goal interdependence
exists when team members have a shared vision of the team's goal and align their individual goals with that vision as a result
Outcome interdependence
exists when team members share In the rewards the team earns
Project teams
formed to take on "one-time" tasks that are generally complex and require a lot of input from members with different types of training and expertise
Pooled interdependence
group members complete their work assignments independently and then this work is "piled up" to represent the groups output
Performing
members are comfortable working within their roles and the team makes progress towards their goals
Reciprocal interdependence
members are specialized in specific tasks, however, members interact with one another
Adjourning
members experience anxiety and other emotions as they disengage and ultimately separate from the team
Forming
members orient themselves by trying to understand their boundaries in the team
Norming
members realize that they need to work together to accomplish team goals, and consequently, they begin to cooperate with one another
Hybrid outcome interdependence
members receive rewards that are dependent on both the team's performance and how well they perform as individuals.
Storming
members remain committed to the ideas they bring to the team
Surface level diversity
refers to diversity regarding observable attributes such as race, ethnicity, sex and age
Deep level diversity
refers to diversity with respect to attributes that are less easy to observe initially, but can be inferred after more direct experience
Task interdependence
refers to the degree to which team members interact with and rely on other team members for the information, materials, and resources needed to accomplish work for the team
Team viability
refers to the likelihood that the team can work together effectively into the future
Individualistic roles
reflect behaviors that benefit the individual at the expense of the team
Management teams
similar to work teams in that they are designed to be relatively permanent but focus on the integration activities of subunits across business functions
Virtual teams
teams in which the members are geographically dispersed, and interdependent activity occurs through electronic communications - primarily email, instant messaging, and web conferencing
Team diversity
the degree to which members are different from one another in terms of any attribute that might be used by someone as a basis of categorizing people
Comprehensive interdependence
the highest level of interaction and coordination among members as they try to accomplish work
Leader-staff teams
the leader makes decisions for the team and provides direction and control over members who perform assigned tasks, so this distinction makes sense in that the responsibility of the leader and the rest of the team are distinct
Team composition
the mix of people who make up the team
Conjunctive tasks
the team's performance depends on the "weakest link"
Disjunctive tasks
when tasks have an objectively verifiable best solution, the member who possesses the highest level of the ability relevant to the task will have the most influence on the effectiveness of the team