Chapter 11
T/F: Hodgkin disease is a lymphoid neoplasm
True
T/F: Leukemia is usually manifested by an elevated WBC
True
T/F: Polycythemia vera is a myeloid neoplasm
True
T/F: Spontaneous conversion to AML may occur with PV, CML, and ET
True
Leukemias are malignant proliferations of
WBC
what is neutropenia
absolute neutrophil count less than 500
the most appropriate action for thrombocytopenia is
activity restriction
Manifestations of ALL include
anema, leukocytosis, and thrombocytopenia
The philadelphia chromosome is a balanced chromo translocation that forms a new gene called
bcr-abl
Signs of PCM
bence jones protein in urine hypercalcemia
Prognosis of ALL
best prognosis. 90% remission if caught early
Predominant cell in AML
blasts
PCM: malignant plasma cells accumulate in
bone
location of malignancy in leukemia
bone marrow
Symptoms of ALL
bone pain, bruising, fever, infection, loss of appetite, enlarged spleen, liver, and lymph
ALL is primarily found in
children
CLL
chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Low grade forms of lymphoma generally have a poorer prognoses than high grade
false
T/F: plasma cell myeloma is a myeloid neoplasm
false. Lymphoid neoplasm
T/F: blasts are seen in CLL blood smear
false. NO BLASTS
T/F: if a myeloid leukemia infiltrates a lymph node it is considered a lymphoma
false: just considered myeloid infiltrate
CLL symptoms
fatigue, weight loss, anorexia increased susceptibility to infections enlarged lymph nodes and spleen
Characteristics of blasts
huge nucleus nucleoli no cytoplasmic differentiation
the most serious complication of chemo is
immunosuppression
The major cause of death from leukemic disease is
infection
Hematologic Neoplasms clinical manifestations
leukopenia, anema, thrombocytopenia
Signs of thrombocytopenia
low platelet count, petachiae, easy bruising, bleeding gums, retinal hemorrhages
location of malignancy in lymphoma
lymphoid tissues
ALL involves malignant transformation of
mostly B cells (80%)
Which cells are involved in myeloid neoplasms
neutrophils, monocytes, RBC, megakaryocyte
Myelodysplastic syndrome prognosis
poor
prognosis of CML
poor does not respond well to chemo
Fluid and diuretic therapy are used to manage PCM to
prevent damage to renal tubules
Blood smear of CML shows
smudge/basket appearance of cells
AML is associated with
transformation of myeloid stem cell (think I love lucy scene!)
T/F: Chemo is the main treatment for various types of leukemia
true
T/F: all lymphomas are malignant
true
Clinical manifestations of CLL
-malignant B-cell precursors - slow-growing & ASYMPTOMATIC
Prognosis
3 years. 60% remission rate
Prognosis of CML
8-24 years
the best prognosis for long term disease free survival occurs with
ALL
PCM involves what protein
Bence jones protein found in urine
Myeloproliferative diseases include
CML, Polycythemia vera, essential thrombocytopenia
Complete remission of leukemia
CR is less than 5% blasts in marrow and normal CBC values
Treatment of ALL
Chemo
Burkitt lymphoma is most closely associated with
Epstein-Barr virus
T/F: AML occurs in mostly children
False. mostly in adults
T/F: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma tends to spread in a predictable pattern
False. unpredicatble. hodgkin is predictable
Lymphomas are malignant proliferations of
Lymphocytes
Which cells are involved in lymphoid neoplasms
NK, B, and T
diagnosis of: generalized bone demineralization and compression fracture, elevated Ca levels
PCM
CML involves
Philadelphia chromosome and bcr/abl
T/F: immunoglobulins produced by malignant plasma cells are monoclonal
T
