Chapter 11 section 2
What did the conflict between Henry IV and Gregory VII signify?
It signifies that it was a contest for power between the king and the clergy.
What was the bubonic plague?
It was a disease swept through Europe brang by rats who carried feals during trade.
What was the Spanish Inquisition?
It was a powerful court to punish non-Christains. The court ordered the torture and execution of many Muslims and Jews who would not convert
What is common law?
It was a system of law established in the 1100s that sought to ensure that people throughout England received equal treatment.
What purpose did the Reconquista serve?
It was supposed to drive off non-Christians (Muslims) out of the peninsula which is now Spain and Portugal.
Who helped turn the tide for the French in the war?
Joan of Arc helped turn the tide.
What major step toward democratic government occurred under English king Edward I?
King Edward assembled the first parliament to pass laws, impose taxes, and discuss the political and judicial issues of the day.
What does the sentence "the Church dominated people's lives from the cradle to the grave" mean?
It means that the Church controlled people's lives up til when they were born and until they died.
What was the military outcome of the Crusades?
The Muslims defeated the Crusaders and took over Palestine.
What is parliament?
A group of representatives consisting of 15 members. To advise and king and limit his powers.
What are burghers?
A wealthy, town-dwelling merchant during the Middle ages.
How was the conflict between King Henry IV and Pope Gregory VII finally resolved?
George shut Henry out of the church forcing Henry, the king to back down. This was bad because everyone believed in the church.
Describe guilds.
Groups of craftspeople who join together to help protect and improve the working conditions of its members.
Against what group of people did Pope Urban II declare the Crusades?
He declared it on Muslims people.
What conflict gave rise to the Hundred Years War?
In 3337, Edward the 3rd from England invaded France to claim the throne there. This started a war between England and France.
Who called for the Crusades and why?
Pope Urban called for the Cruscades to protect Christains and slow the spread of Islam.
How was Christianity a unifying force in medieval Europe?
The Church was a strong unifying force because people were baptized, married, pardoned, and buried there from serfs to kings show that they shared the same religious beliefs and practices.
What did the Magna Carta do?
The Magna Carta made the king subject to the law of the land and limit his authority.
What did the parliament Edward I assemble consist of?
The group consist of 2 knights from every country and 2 residents from each town.
What issue provoked the conflict between King Henry IV and Pope Gregory VII?
The issue was that Henry appointed his own president to become bishops but Gregory claimed that he should only be able to do that.
Describe the longbow.
The longbow was a very powerful bow that allowed to fire arrows with enough force to pierce a knight's armor.
How did growth of towns affect monarchs?
The monarchs were able to tax the town to pay for armies which brought stability and peace to his land. Also, power and people's loyalty regain the king's authority. This was done by people's loyalty shifting from the local lords to their king.
What economic opportunities did towns offer ordinary people that contributed to the end of feudalism and the middle ages?
They were able to receive increased wages for jobs.
From all of Section 2, describe what brought about the decline of feudalism. There are 4.
What lead to the decline of feudalism was the bubonic plague which wiped out ⅓ of the workforce, the Magna Carta gave certain individuals rights and moved more toward democracy, weapons lead to less and less combat for knights since weapons like the longbow could do much damage, and the Crusades and 100 year war made many people go to fight making them leave their land this causing feudalism to decline because people need to stay at their land for feudalism to work. .
How much of Europe's population were killed by the bubonic plague?
⅓ of the population was killed.
