Chapter 11 Textbook Quizzes 2-3

Because we have developed certain response tendencies, ________ believed that we demonstrate consistent behavior patterns. B. F. Skinner Hans and Sybil Eysenck Ivan Pavlov Sigmund Freud

B. F. Skinner

Which of the following is not something the theories of Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow have in common? Both theories are humanistic. Both theories focus on individual choices. Both theories focus on the personality formed in infancy. Both theories reject biological determinism.

Both theories focus on the personality formed in infancy.

Asa is buying a gift for his mother, an overbearing woman who is difficult to please. When a clerk asks him who he is shopping for he replies, "my smother" instead of "my mother." What does this exemplify? archetype collective unconscious Freudian slip repressed memory

Freudian slip

What was the primary finding of the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart? Fraternal twins have very similar personalities whether raised together or apart. Identical twins have very similar personality when raised together, but not when raised apart. Identical twins, whether raised together or apart, have very similar personalities. Twins of any kind have very similar personalities, regardless of where they are raised.

Identical twins, whether raised together or apart, have very similar personalities.

Who suggested that men have womb envy because they cannot give birth? Abraham Maslow Carl Jung Karen Horney Sigmund Freud

Karen Horney

The ________ is composed of a series of true and false questions in order to establish an individual's clinical profile. Contemporized-Themes Concerning Blacks Test (C-TCB) Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) Rorschach Inkblot Test TEMAS Multicultural Thematic Apperception Test

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

Carl Jung's view of extroverted and introverted types serves as a basis of the ________. collective unconscious Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Rorschach Inkblot Test Tell-me-a-story thematic Apperception Test (TEMAS)

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

What is the main difference between Sigmund Freud and the neo-Freudians? Neo-Freudians reduced the emphasis on sex. Neo-Freudians theorized about personality while Sigmund Freud did not. Sigmund Freud did not emphasize childhood sexuality while the neo-Freudians did. Sigmund Freud was a feminist while the neo-Freudians were not.

Neo-Freudians reduced the emphasis on sex.

Which statement summarizes the main idea of reciprocal determinism? Emotions are cognitive processes with behavioral antecedents. How we cope with anxiety reflects our personality. Our behavior, cognitive processes, and situational context all influence each other. Our defense mechanisms are formed in childhood.

Our behavior, cognitive processes, and situational context all influence each other.

What is the main idea of the behavioral perspective on personality? Personality is formed solely in childhood. Personality is significantly shaped by the biology of the organism. Personality is significantly shaped by the reinforcements and consequences outside of the organism. Personality theory should be based on social health.

Personality is significantly shaped by the reinforcements and consequences outside of the organism.

The ________ Inkblot Test employs a series of symmetrical inkblot cards that are presented to a client by a psychologist in an effort to reveal the person's unconscious desires, fears, and struggles. Julian Rotter Rorschach TAT TEMAS

Rorschach

The ________ uses images and storytelling that relate to Hispanic culture. Five Factor Model Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) TEMAS Multicultural Thematic Apperception Test Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

TEMAS Multicultural Thematic Apperception Test

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Hippocrates theorized phlegmatic, the personality trait, was associated with black bile from the kidneys. The name "Hippocrates" should be changed to the name "Galen." The phrase "black bile from the kidneys" should be changed to the phrase "white phlegm from the lungs." The word "personality" should be changed to the word "temperament." The word "phlegmatic" should be changed to the word "choleric."

The phrase "black bile from the kidneys" should be changed to the phrase "white phlegm from the lungs."

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Research suggests that there are two dimensions of our temperament that are important parts of our adult personality: interactivity and self-regulation. The word "interactivity" should be changed to the word "reactivity." The word "personality" should be changed to the word "self." The word "self-regulation" should be changed to the word "reactivity." The word "temperament" should be changed to the word "character."

The word "interactivity" should be changed to the word "reactivity."

Kim believed he failed his math class because the test was too hard, passed his psychology class because the professor passed every student in the class, and didn't get the internship because the manager didn't like him. Julian Rotter would say that Kim has ________. a dependent personality an external locus of control an internal locus of control low self-efficacy

an external locus of control

If parents are too lenient in the ________ stage, the child might become messy, careless, disorganized, and prone to emotional outbursts. anal genital oral phallic

anal

Which of the following clearly influenced Sigmund Freud's theory of development? climate of sexual repression first wave feminism government censorship widespread anti-Semitism

climate of sexual repression

The ________ refers to the common psychological tendencies that have been passed down from one generation to the next. collective unconscious gestalt id ideal self

collective unconscious

Ina can no longer read the street signs, but she refuses to admit she needs glasses to drive. Which defense mechanism does this exemplify? denial displacement rationalization rejection

denial

Hans and Sybil Eysenck viewed people as having two specific personality dimensions: ________. extroversion/introversion; neuroticism/stability extroversion/stability; introversion/neuroticism phlegmatic/choleric; sanguine/melancholic phlegmatic/melancholic; choleric/sanguine

extroversion/introversion; neuroticism/stability

In the ________ stage, there is a sexual reawakening as the incestuous urges resurface. The young person redirects these urges to other, more socially acceptable partners (who often resemble the other-sex parent). anal genital oral phallic

genital

As the "third force" in psychology, ________ is touted as a reaction both to the pessimistic determinism of psychoanalysis and to the behaviorists' view of humans passively reacting to the environment. biological determinism feminism humanism social cognition theory

humanism

Sigmund Freud suggested that people who are dominated by their ________ might be narcissistic and impulsive. ego id superego unconscious

id

The ________ approach to the study of personality came about in reaction to the dominance of Western approaches to the study of personality in non-Western settings. culture feminist indigenous TEMAS

indigenous

A(an) ________ complex refers to the feeling that one lacks worth and doesn't measure up to the standards of others or of society. Freudian inferiority neurotic psychosocial

inferiority

During which period are sexual feelings dormant as children focus on other pursuits, such as school, friendships, hobbies, and sports? anal genital latency phallic

latency

An archetype is a ________. balance of opposing forces within one's personality collective consciousness feeling that one lacks worth and doesn't measure up to the standards of others or of society pattern that exists in our collective unconscious across cultures and societies

pattern that exists in our collective unconscious across cultures and societies

Carl Jung referred to the ________ as the mask we adopt. id ideal self persona superego

persona

Immanuel Kant used the terms persistent, steadfast, and calm to describe a ________ person. choleric melancholic phlegmatic sanguine

phlegmatic

Dr. Grimes conducts a ________ by requesting that his patient respond to ambiguous stimuli, thus revealing hidden feelings, impulses, and desires. projective test psychoanalysis self-report inventory trait analysis

projective test

Which of the following is not part of Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory? observation learning reaction formation reciprocal determinism self-efficacy

reaction formation

After Mike does not get the job he interviewed for, he moves back in with his parents and spends his days playing video games. Which defense mechanism does this exemplify? reaction formation regression repression sublimation

regression

The concept of ________ suggests that people choose to move to places that are compatible with their personalities and needs. discrimination emigration elective immigration personality location selective migration

selective migration

According to Abraham Maslow, the highest need is ________. good parenting love self-actualization self-efficacy

self-actualization

Which of the following was one of Alfred Adler's main contributions to personality theory? advocating for analytical psychology suggesting that our birth order shapes our personality the idea that men have womb envy the theory that our personality develops in psychosocial stages

suggesting that our birth order shapes our personality

In Hippocrates theory of personality, what bodily humor was associated with choleric temperament? black bile from the kidneys red blood from the heart white mucous from the lungs yellow bile from the liver

yellow bile from the liver

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? According to Sigmund Freud, unconscious drives influenced by sex and aggression and childhood socialization are the forces that influence our personality. The name "Sigmund Freud" should be changed to the name "Carl Jung." The word "personality" should be changed to the phrase "real self." The word "socialization" should be changed to the word "sexuality." The word "unconscious" should be changed to the word "conscious."

The word "socialization" should be changed to the word "sexuality."

Why was Sigmund Freud trained as a medical doctor and not a psychologist? He tried to become a psychologist, but he could not pass the required exams. He tried to become a psychologist, but no university would admit a Jewish student. His theories were too radical, so he trained as a physician to give himself creditability. There was no such thing as a degree in psychology when he received his education.

There was no such thing as a degree in psychology when he received his education.

What is the advantage of applying learning approaches to the study of personality? They are feminist. They are multicultural. They can be scientifically tested. They use animal research.

They can be scientifically tested.

Which question was central to the marshmallow test? Do you think you could accomplish great things even when the fates are against you? Is your life more like a marshmallow or more like a rock? Would you be able to resist getting a small reward now in order to get a larger reward later? Would you make the same decisions your parent would make?

Would you be able to resist getting a small reward now in order to get a larger reward later?