Chapter 11

resistance strategies

-ways in which workers express discontent with their working conditions and try to reclaim control of the conditions of their labor ex unions's collective bargaining agreements

Post Industrial economy

-workers do service work -often involves direct contact with clients, customers, patients, and students -others involved in knowledge work, which involves working with information -no more industrial/factory jobs -loss of jobs in society because of outsourcing

interdependence

A relationship between countries in which they rely on one another for resources, goods, or services

globalization

Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope.

sweatshop

workplace where people labor long hours in poor conditions for low pay

Adam Smith

-Scottish professor at the University of Glasgow -wrote a book called the Wealth of Nations -known as the Bible of Capitalism -1776

capitalism

-an economic system based on the laws of free market competition, privatization of the means of production, and production for profit -emphasis on supply and demand to set prices -encourages efficiency, new technologies, the expansion of markets, and cost cutting ex United States

Karl Marx

-believed workers in capitalist societies experienced alienation

horticultural

-food producers -no more foraging -agricultural settlement -population growth -building of houses -raising of animals like pigs and chickens

5 kinds of alienation

-from work -from products -from yourself -from society -from family

hunter-gatherers

-genesis of human societies -gather food by foraging

pastoral

-herding of cattle -raising of cows -nomadic -follow cows from place to place ex North America and Nigeria

types of societies

-hunter gatherers -horticultural -pastoral -agricultural -industrial -post-industrial

Industrial Revolution

-rapidly transformed social life through technological development -involves assembly line, steam power, and urbanization -began in England in 1760 -in 1790, US was still agricultural

industrial/post industrial

-revolution in factories -machine production -science

agricultural revolution included

-social and economic changes -population increases -increased efficiency of food production -use of farm equipment -one level of society to another

Information Revolution

-social revolution made possible by the development of the microchip in the 1970's -brought about the vast improvement in the ability to manage information ex infotech, biotech

alienation

-the sense of dissatisfaction the modern worker feels as a result of producing goods that are owned and controlled by someone else -borrowed from Scripture

outsourcing

-transferring to another country -usually jobs

interconnection

People and things are connected to other people and things in their own and other places, and understanding these connections helps us to understand how and why places are changing.

individual resistance

Using work time to surf the Web, sabotaging an assembly line, and personalizing a workspace with photos.

all countries' economies have

aspects of capitalism and communism ex in US, some socialist-economic factors like business subsidies, market regulations, and public aid programs like food stamps, welfare, social security, medicare, and medicaid

socialism

economic system based on: -collective ownership of the means of production -collective distribution of goods and services -government regulation of the economy ex Cuba, China, North Korea

collective resistance

membership in a union

economy deals with

money, production, distribution, consumption of goods/services in society

communism

system of government that: -eliminates private property -most extreme form of socialism -all citizens work for the government -no class distinction

interaction

the interplay that occurs when the effect of one factor depends on another factor