Chapter 12

Team States

- Cohesion - Potency - Mental Models - Transactive Memory

Task work Processes

- Creative Behavior - Decision Making - Boundary Spanning

Brainstorming

- Creative behavior - A face-to-face meeting of team members in which each offers as many ideas as possible about some focal problem or issue. - Express all ideas that come to mind no matter how strange, go for quantity not quality, don't criticize or evaluate others ideas, build on the ideas of others

Team Processes

- Have a moderate positive effect on team performance - Have a strong positive effect on team commitment

Teamwork processes

- Transition processes - Action processes - Transition processes - Action processes (Interpersonal Processes)

Nominal group technique

A decision-making technique in which group members write down ideas and solutions, read their suggestions to the whole group, and discuss and then rank the alternatives.

Production blocking

A type of coordination loss resulting from team members having to wait on each other before completing their own part of the team task

Action learning

A type of training a team is given a real problem thats relevant to the organization and then held accountable for analyzing the problem, developing an action plan, and finally carrying out the action plan.

Process loss

Getting less from the team than you would expect based on capabilities of its individual members

Process gain

Getting more from the team than you would expect according to the capabilities of its individual members

Interpersonal processes

Important before, during, or in between periods of taskwork, and each relates to the manner in which team members manage their relationships

The Communication Process

Information-> Sender -> Encoding -> Message (*NOISE*) -> Decoding -> Receiver -> Understanding

2. Task coordinator activities

Involve communications that are intended to coordinate task-related issues with people or groups in other functional areas.

Boundary spanning

Involves three types of activities with individuals and groups other than those who are considered part of the team

Team process training

Occurs in context of a team experience that facilitates the team being able to function and perform more effectively as an intact unit.

Motivational loss

Process loss due to team members' tendency to put forth less effort on team tasks than they could

Coordination loss

Process loss due to the time and energy it takes to coordinate work activities with other team members

1. Ambassador activities

Refer to communications that are intended to protect the team, persuade others to support the team, or obtain important resources for the team.

Teamwork processes

Refer to the interpersonal activities that facilitate the accomplishment of the team's work but do not directly involve task accomplishment itself.

3. Scout activities

Refer to things team members do to obtain information about technology, competitors, or the broader marketplace.

Task conflict

Refers to disagreements among people about the goals to be achieved or the content of the tasks to be performed. Can be beneficial because it leads to better decision making and problem solving.

Transactive memory

Refers to how specialized knowledge is distributed among members in a manner that results in an effective system of memory for the team.

Staff validity

Refers to the degree to which members make good recommendations to the leader.

Hierarchical sensitivity

Reflects the degree to which the leader effectively weighs the recommendations of the members.

Decision informity

Reflects whether members possess adequate information about their own task responsibilities.

Relationship conflict

Results from interpersonal incompatibility that creates tension and personal animosity among people

Team states

Specific types of feelings and thoughts that coalesce in the minds of the team members as a consequence of their experience working together. For example, as a consequence of supportive leadership and member interaction, team members may develop feelings of safety when thinking about challenging the status quo.

Cross-training

Team members can develop shared mental models of what's involved in each of the roles in the team and how the roles fir together to form a system

Transportable teamwork competences

Teamwork knowledge, skills, and abilities that can be transported from one team context and applied to another

Transition processes

Teamwork processes, such as mission analysis and planning, that focus on preparation for future work in the team

Action processes

Teamwork processes, such as monitoring progress towards goals, systems monitoring, helping and coordination, that aid in the accomplishment of teamwork as the work is actually taking place

Information richness

The amount and depth of information that gets transmitted in a message. For example, messages that get transmitted face-to-face have the highest information richness.

Potency

The degree to which members believe that the team can be effective across a variety of situations and tasks.

Mental Models

The level of common understanding among team members with regard to important aspects of the team and its tasks.

Groupthink

The mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives

Network structure

The pattern of communication that occurs regularly among each member of the team.

Communication

The process by which information and meaning gets transferred from sender to receiver. The effectiveness of communication plays an important role in determining whether there is process loss or gain.

Cohesion

The strong emotional bonds that members form with other members of their team and to the team itself.

Social Loafing

The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable

Team building

This type of training is conducted by a consultant and intended to facilitate the development of team processes related to goal setting, interpersonal relations, problem solving, and role clarification.

Personal Clarification

Training in which members simply receive information regarding the roles of the other team members

Positional rotation

Training that gives members actual experience carrying out the responsibilities of their teammates

Positional modeling

Training that involves observations of how other team members perform their roles

Team process

a term that reflects the different types of communication, activities, and interactions that occur within teams that contribute to their ultimate end goals.

Task work Processes

the activities of team members that relate directly to the accomplishment of team tasks