Chapter 12 Exam

Delmar believes that he has been sent to Earth to save mankind. He believes that women are evil and that any male who speaks to, or associates with, a female is doomed to a life as a slave. He often tells people of his grand plan to save males from the influence of females. Nothing one says or does can convince him that his ideas are untrue. Which of the following does Delmar demonstrate? Hallucinations Stupor Delusions Catatonia

delusions

A man cancels an important business trip to a mountainous country because he is afraid of the steep roads and hill climbs. He is also terrified of the cable car ride that he must take to get to his hotel. He goes to a doctor to discuss this problem. In the context of anxiety disorders, which of the following diagnoses is the doctor likely to make? Acrophobia Social phobia Agoraphobia Claustrophobia

Acrophobia

​_________ is characterized by excessive worrying, fear of losing control, nervousness, and inability to relax. ​Psychomotor retardation ​Dissociative amnesia ​Dissociative disorder ​Anxiety disorder

Anxiety disorder

While in a bus, a man overhears a discussion about a person who is about to be terminated from his job. The man believes that the people on the bus are talking about him and that he has been targeted. Which of the following delusions does the man demonstrate? Delusions of reference Delusions of grandeur Disorganized delusions Dangerous delusions

Delusions of reference

_________ is a condition in which the senses, thought, and movement are dulled.​ ​Insanity ​Neuroticism ​Hallucination ​Stupor

Stupor

Miguel, an unusually uncontrollable child, runs around the house endlessly, has little sleep, and often has temper tantrums. His mother exclaims to the family doctor, "I swear that kid is possessed!" In this scenario, which perspective on psychological disorders is she most likely to hold? The biopsychosocial model The diathesis-stress model The demonological model The medical model

The demonological model

Sanchez, an 8-year-old boy, suffers from unpredictable panic attacks and constantly talks to a make-believe group of friends. His mother confesses to the family doctor, "I probably drank too much alcohol during pregnancy and caused brain damage." Which perspective on psychological disorders does she hold? The biopsychosocial model The diathesis-stress model The demonological model The medical model

The medical model

A person with _________ is suddenly unable to recall important personal information.​ ​bipolar disorder ​dissociative amnesia ​psychomotor retardation ​delusional disorder

dissociative amnesia

In the manic phase of bipolar disorder, a person may: have a poor appetite. frequently speak slowly. make huge contributions to charity. show good judgment.

make huge contributions to charity

People with mood disorders: may become severely depressed when things are going well or when they encounter mildly upsetting events. insist that they are suffering from a serious physical illness, even though no medical evidence of the illness can be found. experience episodes of feeling detached from themselves or feeling that the world around them is unreal. are incapable of recalling important personal information.

may become severely depressed when things are going well or when they encounter mildly upsetting events.

Kyle is possessed by the thought that he is an evil person who will murder somebody, even though he is not capable of the heinous act. He tries to put these disturbing thoughts out of his mind by washing his hands several times a day. Kyle demonstrates: illness anxiety disorder. obsessive-compulsive disorder. dissociative identity disorder. posttraumatic stress disorder.

obsessive-compulsive disorder.

The difference between major depressive disorder and run-of-the-mill depression is that: people with run-of-the-mill depression suffer from psychomotor retardation. the depression is less severe in people with major depressive disorder. the depression lasts longer in people with run-of-the-mill depression. the feeling of lack of energy, low self-esteem, loss of interest in activities is more intense in people with major depressive disorder.

the feeling of lack of energy, low self-esteem, loss of interest in activities is more intense in people with major depressive disorder.

Tom is a loner who shows little interest in making friends and does not exhibit much emotion. However, he is a star performer at work. His job involves updating a database to reflect the most recent events occurring in the world. He is showing signs of _____.​ ​schizotypal personality disorder ​antisocial personality disorder ​schizoid personality disorder ​paranoid personality disorder

​schizoid personality disorder

People with _________ complain of physical problems such as paralysis, pain, or a persistent belief that they have a serious disease.​ ​somatoform disorder ​dissociative amnesia ​psychomotor retardation ​acute stress disorder

​somatoform disorder

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of psychological disorders? A faulty perception or interpretation of reality Personal distress Socially acceptable behavior Self-defeating behavior

Socially acceptable behavior

_________ is a personality trait characterized largely by persistent anxiety.​ ​Insanity ​Psychomotor retardation ​Neuroticism ​Dissociative amnesia

Neuroticism

_________ is defined by recurrent, anxiety-provoking thoughts or images that seem irrational and beyond control and seemingly irresistible urges to engage in thoughts or behaviors that tend to reduce the anxiety.​ ​Obsessive-compulsive disorder ​Posttraumatic stress disorder ​Acute stress disorder ​Somatoform disorder

Obsessive-compulsive disorder

Cory was driving when an accident killed his best friend who was sitting in the car with him. However, Cory escaped uninjured. When he woke up the next morning, he couldn't remember where he was or what had happened the previous night. He is most likely exhibiting: dissociative amnesia. psychomotor retardation. schizophrenia. neuroticism.

dissociative amnesia.

In the context of depressive disorders, people who remain depressed: experience a loss of contact with reality. have more social support. have lower self-esteem. are more likely to be able to solve social problems.

have lower self-esteem.

People with _________ feel an overpowering need to accumulate certain kinds of possessions and have difficulty discarding them.​ ​dissociative disorder ​hoarding disorder ​somatoform disorder ​schizotypal disorder

hoarding disorder

Psychological disorders are: predictable responses to specific events. sometimes characterized by anxiety. considered socially appropriate behavior. considered normal and do not cause personal distress.

sometimes characterized by anxiety.

​People with _________ do not show the grossly disorganized thinking of paranoid schizophrenia. ​catatonic schizophrenia ​paranoid personality disorder ​dissociative amnesia ​dissociative identity disorder

​paranoid personality disorder

Katie is excessively fearful of meeting new people. She eats at her desk at work to avoid any social contact with her coworkers and consistently refuses their invitations to go out for parties. Psychologists will most likely diagnose Katie with _____. ​acrophobia ​social phobia ​necrophobia ​claustrophobia

​social phobia

Ecstatic elation and deep depression are both aspects of _____.​ ​bipolar disorder ​delusional disorder ​somatoform disorder ​personality disorder

bipolar disorder

Fran describes herself as complicated. Since she hates being alone, she is always looking for companionship and often gets involved in stormy relationships. Mostly, she gets into disagreements with people over her divided loyalties—she just cannot make up her mind to stand by one person. She has been hopping from job to job because she is not sure about what she likes to do. Her attitude is typical of a person with _____.​ ​schizotypal personality disorder ​antisocial personality disorder ​schizoid personality disorder ​borderline personality disorder

​borderline personality disorder

​_________ is a perception in the absence of sensory stimulation that is confused with reality. ​Insanity ​Stupor ​Hallucination ​Neuroticism

Hallucination

_________ is the erroneous belief that one is being victimized or made to suffer.​ ​Ideas of persecution ​Dissociative amnesia ​Psychomotor retardation ​Learned helplessness

Ideas of persecution

People with generalized anxiety disorder: suffer from persistent anxiety that cannot be attributed to a phobic object, situation, or activity. show indifference to their symptoms. are particularly afraid of suffocation. suffer from disturbances in thinking, language, perception, motor behavior, and social interaction.

suffer from persistent anxiety that cannot be attributed to a phobic object, situation, or activity.

_________ is characterized by feelings of anxiety and helplessness that are caused by a traumatic event.​ ​Acute stress disorder ​Dissociative identity disorder ​Somatoform disorder ​Bipolar disorder

​Acute stress disorder

_________ is an abrupt anxiety attack that is apparently unrelated to specific objects or situations.​ ​Hoarding disorder ​Manic ​Mutism ​Panic disorder

​Panic disorder

_________ is a disorder that follows a distressing event outside the range of normal human experience and that is characterized by features such as intense fear, avoidance.​ ​Posttraumatic stress disorder ​Dissociative identity disorder ​Somatoform disorder ​Bipolar disorder

​Posttraumatic stress disorder

_________ are excessive, irrational fears of specific objects or situations, such as spiders, snakes, or heights.​ ​Delusions ​Specific phobias ​Hallucinations ​Psychomotor retardations

​Specific phobias

Amnesia is frequently associated with _____.​ ​somatoform disorders ​anxiety disorders ​mood disorders ​dissociative disorders

​dissociative disorders

People with _________ insist that they are suffering from a serious physical malady, even though no medical evidence of sickness can be found.​ ​dissociative amnesia ​illness anxiety disorder ​psychomotor retardation ​delusions of grandeur

​illness anxiety disorder

Amanda can't stand to be in a crowded room, get on an elevator, or sit in the middle of a row. It interferes with her job performance and prevents her from enjoying leisure activities. Which anxiety disorder does Amanda exhibit? Acrophobia Zoophobia Agoraphobia Claustrophobia

Claustrophobia

_________ is characterized by disturbances in thought and language, perception and attention, motor activity, and mood, as well as withdrawal and absorption in daydreams or fantasy.​ ​Schizophrenia ​Psychomotor retardation ​Neuroticism ​Dissociative amnesia

Schizophrenia

Somatoform disorders are characterized by: a disturbance in expression of emotions. a complaint of physical problems such as paralysis, pain, or a persistent belief that one has a serious disease when it does not exist. the separation of mental processes such as thoughts, emotions, identity, memory, or consciousness. disturbances in thought and language, perception and attention, motor activity, and mood, as well as withdrawal and absorption in daydreams and fantasy.

a complaint of physical problems such as paralysis, pain, or a persistent belief that one has a serious disease when it does not exist.

Conversion disorder is characterized by: peculiarities of thought, perception, or behavior, such as excessive fantasy and suspiciousness, feelings of being unreal, or the odd use of words. indifference to relationships and flat emotional response. disturbances in thought and language, perception and attention, motor activity, and mood, as well as withdrawal and absorption in daydreams or fantasy. a major change in, or loss of, physical functioning, although there are no medical findings to explain the loss of functioning.

a major change in, or loss of, physical functioning, although there are no medical findings to explain the loss of functioning.

Terry was molested by her male colleague a week ago. Since then, she has been overwhelmed with feelings of anxiety and helplessness. Her doctor refers to her condition as: hoarding disorder. panic disorder. acute stress disorder. bipolar disorder.

acute stress disorder.

A similarity between acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder is that both: occur six months or more after the traumatic event and tend to persist. are characterized by feelings of anxiety and helplessness that are caused by a traumatic event. occur within a month of the event and last from two days to four weeks. are characterized by loss of memory that is caused by a traumatic event.

are characterized by feelings of anxiety and helplessness that are caused by a traumatic event.

People with _________ have mood swings from ecstatic elation to deep depression.​ ​bipolar disorder ​somatoform disorder ​psychomotor retardation ​dissociative amnesia

bipolar disorder

A young man is having trouble getting along with his roommate. Sometimes, his roommate does not speak for days. On other days, he speaks rapidly and nonstop, and is often abrasive and aggressive. The roommate is showing symptoms suggesting: delusional disorder. somatoform disorder. bipolar disorder. anxiety disorder.

bipolar disorder.

People with _____ are preoccupied with exaggerated or imagined physical defects; continuous hair pulling, and compulsive skin-picking.​ ​body dysmorphic disorder ​acute stress disorder ​dissociative identity disorder ​somatoform disorder

body dysmorphic disorder

Mary has schizophrenia and exhibits symptoms of hallucinations, delusions, lack of emotional expression, and social withdrawal. Mary has: positive symptoms. negative symptoms. both positive and negative symptoms. neutral symptoms.

both positive and negative symptoms.

A man witnessed an explosion in which a coworker died, and soon after, he lost his vision. Despite many neurological tests, doctors could find no organic basis for the man's loss of eyesight. A psychological explanation for this incident is: illness anxiety disorder. conversion disorder. brain disorder. generalized anxiety disorder

conversion disorder.

Jane has episodes where she can't remember what she did or where she was. She has found clothing in her closet that she does not wear and doesn't know how it got there. When she goes to see the doctor, she introduces herself as Suzy. Jane seems to be exhibiting: depersonalization disorder. schizotypal personality disorder. dissociative identity disorder. illness anxiety disorder.

dissociative identity disorder.

Schizophrenia is characterized by: an inability to be alone. feelings of frustration because the victims feel that they are so different from other people. disturbances in thought and language, perception and attention, and mood. rigid and over controlled thinking.

disturbances in thought and language, perception and attention, and mood.

People with depersonalization-derealization disorder: complain of physical problems such as paralysis, pain, or a persistent belief that they have a serious disease. experience episodes of feeling detached from themselves or feeling that the world around them is unreal. have mood swings from ecstatic elation to deep depression. hold persistent, clearly delusional beliefs, often involving paranoid themes.

experience episodes of feeling detached from themselves or feeling that the world around them is unreal.

Kim has a poor appetite and has experienced a severe weight loss. She is unable to concentrate or make decisions. She often has feelings of unworthiness and guilt for things she has not done. She no longer cares about life and talks about death, and how she would welcome it. Psychologists are most likely to diagnose Kim with _____.​ ​delusional disorder ​conversion disorder ​major depressive disorder ​bipolar disorder

major depressive disorder

People with panic attacks tend to: complain of physical problems such as paralysis, pain, or a persistent belief that they have a serious disease. experience episodes of feeling detached from themselves or feeling that the world around them is unreal. feel an overpowering need to accumulate certain kinds of possessions and have difficulty discarding them. misinterpret bodily cues and to view them as threats.

misinterpret bodily cues and to view them as threats.

A woman has difficulty concentrating on her job because she keeps worrying about things like leaving the door unlocked or the tap turned on. She feels that her house will get robbed or damaged any day because of her carelessness. According to this scenario, she is most likely suffering from _____.​ ​illness anxiety disorder ​dissociative identity disorder ​posttraumatic stress disorder ​obsessive-compulsive disorder

obsessive-compulsive disorder

Individuals who have experienced severe trauma or victimization may experience debilitating anxiety reactions months and years after the actual traumatic experience. For example, disaster victims or war veterans often have their first symptoms many months after the actual events. These patients are diagnosed as suffering from: illness anxiety disorder. dissociative identity disorder. generalized anxiety disorder. posttraumatic stress disorder.

posttraumatic stress disorder.

​Sarah's thinking is considered to be peculiar. She mixes up words from different languages and strings them along in rambling sentences. She plays out her fantasy of living in a world of cotton candy all day. However, she does not suffer from hallucinations or delusions. Sarah is displaying symptoms of _____. ​schizotypal personality disorder ​antisocial personality disorder ​schizoid personality disorder ​paranoid personality disorder

schizotypal personality disorder