Chapter 12-wrist and hand
What are the three mechanisms of injury?
-falling on it -overuse -forceful twisting
If an ATC suspect a fractured scaphoid bone, how should they treat it?
-splint it -refer to doctor
What are two characteristics of "buddy taping"?
-tape above and below the joint -other finger serves as a splint
How might gymnast prevent a wrist sprain.
-tape the wrist -strengthen the wrist
List two things to prevent wrist injury.
-wear protective gear -strengthen
How many total phalanges are there?
14
The wrist and hand contain many bones: ________ phalanges, _______ metacarpals, and _______ carpals.
14; 5; 8
How many metacarpals are there?
5
How many carpal bones are there in the wrist?
8
Boutoniere Deformity
A structure irregularity that occurs at the proximal interphalangeal joint of the fingers
de Quervain's tendinitus
An inflammation that affects the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis as the pass through the wrist
The _______________ is the carpal bone directly proximal to the third metacarpal.
Lunate
What is the most common dislocated bone in the wrist?
Lunate
_______________ occurs when the extensor tendon is torn from the bone at the inability of the athlete to _______________. the tip of the finger. This injury should be splinted and referred to a physician. Permanent damage can result if not treated properly.
Mallet finger; extend
A sprain to the _______________ of the thumb is referred to as gamekeeper's thumb, or _______________ thumb. Treatment of the injury involves splinting the bones and applying ice. The athlete should be referred to a physician to rule out a fracture.
Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL); skiiers
What is another name for gamekeeper's thumb?
Skiers thumb
_______________ is common around the wrist and hand, especially at the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendons. This should be treated with _______________, _______________, and rehabilitation.
Tendonitis; rest; ice
Ganglion cyst
a pocket of fluid within the sheath of the wrist
What is a gamekeeper's thumb?
a sprain to the medial collateral ligament(mcl); uses rice, or a splint or surgery (if fully torn)
What is a collateral ligament sprain?
a sprain to your finger (you jammed it)
jersey finger
a tear of the flexor tendon at the distal phalanx
mallet finger
an avulsion fracture of the distal phalanx
Jersey Finger
an injury to the finger in which the flexor tendon tears from the fingertip
Mallet Finger
an injury to the fingertip caused by impact that tears the extensor tendon from the bone
Gamekeeper's thumb
an injury to the medial collateral ligament of the thumb
Where is the scaphoid located?
below the anatomical snuffbox, underneath the radius
A _______________ is the result of a tear in the joint capsule allowing the extensor tendons to fall laterally around the proximal interphalangeal joint, causing the proximal interphalangeal joint to flex while the distal interphalangeal joint hyperextends.
boutonniere deformity
What technique do you use when you habe a collateral ligament sprain?
buddy taping
A common tendinitis that occurs at the thumb is referred to as _______________.
de Quervain tendinitis
Avascular necrosis
death of a bone due to lack of blood flow
Number one cause of wrist sprains:
falling on it
Wrist sprains result from _______________, _______________ and forceful twisting motions.
falling on it; overuse
Jersey finger occurs when the _______________ is torn from the bone at the distal phalanx, resulting in the inability of the athlete to _______________ the tip of the finger. This injury should be splinted and referred to a physician. Permanent damage can result if not treated properly.
flexor tendon; flex
An injury to the medial collateral ligament of the thumb is referred to as _______________.
gamekeeper's thumb
Common protective equipment to prevent wrist and hand injuries includes wrist _______________ and gloves.
guards
What is de Quervain's tendinitis?
happens mostly in shot-putters in the thumb.. the athlete has trouble with abduction
What is tendinitis?
inflammation of a tendon--> very common in wrist and fingers
scaphoid
located in the anatomical snuffbox
The knuckles of the hand are the _______________ joints.
metacarpal phalanges
60 % of all wrist fractures are what bone?
scaphoid
What bone in the wrist is most commonly fractured?
scaphoid
Avascular necrosis
the death of body tissue from lack of blood
Lunate
the most commonly dislocated carpal bone
What is the most common bone that "dies"?
the scaphoid
Fractures are nonunion meaning what?
they are not joined together
The lunate _______________ is the most commonly dislocated carpal bone. A dislocated lunate can result from _______________ or hyperextension.
lunate; hyperflexion
What is the primary difference between mallet finger and jersey finger?
mallet- can't extend distal tip of finger; jersey- cant flex distal tip of finger
Where is the lunate?
next to the scaphoid
Boutonniere deformity
occurs at the proximal interphalangeal joint
List the carpal bones and identify which are in the proximal row and which are in the most distal row.
p- scaphoid, lunate, pisiform, triquetrum d- trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate
The _______________ have collateral ligaments on each side of the interphalangeal joints. These ligaments can become sprained when a finger is stressed _______________. These injuries should be iced and _______________, depending on the severity. An _______________ may be needed to rule out a fracture of the phalanx.
phalanges; laterally; splinted; x-ray
An interphalangeal joint or metacarpal phalangeal joint can be dislocated when severe stress is applied to the _______________. In the event of a dislocated phalanx, the team physician will take an _______________, then reduce the dislocation.
phalanges; x-ray
The ligaments that attaches the ulna to the triquetrum and pisiform bones is the _______________.
ulnar collateral ligament.
What is mallet finger?
when the extensor tendon is torn and the athlete cannot extend tip of finger
What is a finger dislocation?
when the finger has severe stress on it and it comes out of joint
What is jersey finger?
when the flexor tendon is torn and the athlete cannot flex tip of finger
What is a collateral ligament sprain (cls)?
when you sprain, or jam your finger; uses the buddy taping system
What is one way to strengthen the wrist?
wrist curls
