Chapter 12-wrist and hand

What are the three mechanisms of injury?

-falling on it -overuse -forceful twisting

If an ATC suspect a fractured scaphoid bone, how should they treat it?

-splint it -refer to doctor

What are two characteristics of "buddy taping"?

-tape above and below the joint -other finger serves as a splint

How might gymnast prevent a wrist sprain.

-tape the wrist -strengthen the wrist

List two things to prevent wrist injury.

-wear protective gear -strengthen

How many total phalanges are there?

14

The wrist and hand contain many bones: ________ phalanges, _______ metacarpals, and _______ carpals.

14; 5; 8

How many metacarpals are there?

5

How many carpal bones are there in the wrist?

8

Boutoniere Deformity

A structure irregularity that occurs at the proximal interphalangeal joint of the fingers

de Quervain's tendinitus

An inflammation that affects the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis as the pass through the wrist

The _______________ is the carpal bone directly proximal to the third metacarpal.

Lunate

What is the most common dislocated bone in the wrist?

Lunate

_______________ occurs when the extensor tendon is torn from the bone at the inability of the athlete to _______________. the tip of the finger. This injury should be splinted and referred to a physician. Permanent damage can result if not treated properly.

Mallet finger; extend

A sprain to the _______________ of the thumb is referred to as gamekeeper's thumb, or _______________ thumb. Treatment of the injury involves splinting the bones and applying ice. The athlete should be referred to a physician to rule out a fracture.

Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL); skiiers

What is another name for gamekeeper's thumb?

Skiers thumb

_______________ is common around the wrist and hand, especially at the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendons. This should be treated with _______________, _______________, and rehabilitation.

Tendonitis; rest; ice

Ganglion cyst

a pocket of fluid within the sheath of the wrist

What is a gamekeeper's thumb?

a sprain to the medial collateral ligament(mcl); uses rice, or a splint or surgery (if fully torn)

What is a collateral ligament sprain?

a sprain to your finger (you jammed it)

jersey finger

a tear of the flexor tendon at the distal phalanx

mallet finger

an avulsion fracture of the distal phalanx

Jersey Finger

an injury to the finger in which the flexor tendon tears from the fingertip

Mallet Finger

an injury to the fingertip caused by impact that tears the extensor tendon from the bone

Gamekeeper's thumb

an injury to the medial collateral ligament of the thumb

Where is the scaphoid located?

below the anatomical snuffbox, underneath the radius

A _______________ is the result of a tear in the joint capsule allowing the extensor tendons to fall laterally around the proximal interphalangeal joint, causing the proximal interphalangeal joint to flex while the distal interphalangeal joint hyperextends.

boutonniere deformity

What technique do you use when you habe a collateral ligament sprain?

buddy taping

A common tendinitis that occurs at the thumb is referred to as _______________.

de Quervain tendinitis

Avascular necrosis

death of a bone due to lack of blood flow

Number one cause of wrist sprains:

falling on it

Wrist sprains result from _______________, _______________ and forceful twisting motions.

falling on it; overuse

Jersey finger occurs when the _______________ is torn from the bone at the distal phalanx, resulting in the inability of the athlete to _______________ the tip of the finger. This injury should be splinted and referred to a physician. Permanent damage can result if not treated properly.

flexor tendon; flex

An injury to the medial collateral ligament of the thumb is referred to as _______________.

gamekeeper's thumb

Common protective equipment to prevent wrist and hand injuries includes wrist _______________ and gloves.

guards

What is de Quervain's tendinitis?

happens mostly in shot-putters in the thumb.. the athlete has trouble with abduction

What is tendinitis?

inflammation of a tendon--> very common in wrist and fingers

scaphoid

located in the anatomical snuffbox

The knuckles of the hand are the _______________ joints.

metacarpal phalanges

60 % of all wrist fractures are what bone?

scaphoid

What bone in the wrist is most commonly fractured?

scaphoid

Avascular necrosis

the death of body tissue from lack of blood

Lunate

the most commonly dislocated carpal bone

What is the most common bone that "dies"?

the scaphoid

Fractures are nonunion meaning what?

they are not joined together

The lunate _______________ is the most commonly dislocated carpal bone. A dislocated lunate can result from _______________ or hyperextension.

lunate; hyperflexion

What is the primary difference between mallet finger and jersey finger?

mallet- can't extend distal tip of finger; jersey- cant flex distal tip of finger

Where is the lunate?

next to the scaphoid

Boutonniere deformity

occurs at the proximal interphalangeal joint

List the carpal bones and identify which are in the proximal row and which are in the most distal row.

p- scaphoid, lunate, pisiform, triquetrum d- trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

The _______________ have collateral ligaments on each side of the interphalangeal joints. These ligaments can become sprained when a finger is stressed _______________. These injuries should be iced and _______________, depending on the severity. An _______________ may be needed to rule out a fracture of the phalanx.

phalanges; laterally; splinted; x-ray

An interphalangeal joint or metacarpal phalangeal joint can be dislocated when severe stress is applied to the _______________. In the event of a dislocated phalanx, the team physician will take an _______________, then reduce the dislocation.

phalanges; x-ray

The ligaments that attaches the ulna to the triquetrum and pisiform bones is the _______________.

ulnar collateral ligament.

What is mallet finger?

when the extensor tendon is torn and the athlete cannot extend tip of finger

What is a finger dislocation?

when the finger has severe stress on it and it comes out of joint

What is jersey finger?

when the flexor tendon is torn and the athlete cannot flex tip of finger

What is a collateral ligament sprain (cls)?

when you sprain, or jam your finger; uses the buddy taping system

What is one way to strengthen the wrist?

wrist curls