Chapter 13 Anatomy and Physiology

How many cranial nerves pairs are there? 12 31 15 42

12

Match each cranial nerve with its function(s). 1.olfactory 2.optic 3.oculomotor 4.vagus 5.trigeminal 6.facia ____ most eye muscle movements, movements of eyelid and iris ____ movement of the muscles of facial expression; taste sensation from the anterior tongue ____ a mixed nerve that controls muscles of breathing and digestion ____ general sensation from face, scalp, and teeth; controls muscles involved in chewing ____ sensory for smell ____ sensory for vision

3,6,4,5,1,2

There are ___ vetricles in the brain. Question options: A. 4 B. 2 C. 8 D. 6

A. 4

Which of the following is NOT true of the stretch reflex? A. Always occurs simultaneously with a cross-extensor reflex B. Stretching the muscle results in a contraction of the muscle C. The knee-jerk reflex is an example D. The sensory receptor is the muscle spindle

A. Always occurs simultaneously with a cross-extensor reflex

White matter of the spinal cord is organized into A. Anterior, lateral, and posterior funiculi B. Anterior, lateral, and posterior horns C. Anterior and posterior roots D. Sensory and motor ganglia

A. Anterior, lateral, and posterior funiculi

When blood calcium level is increased, which hormone is secreted? A. Calcitonin B. Estrogen C. Thyroxin

A. Calcitonin

Which of the following is a function of the sympathetic division? A. Contraction of arrector pili muscles B. Increase activity of digestive organs C. Increased secretion of tears D. Constriction of pupils

A. Contraction of arrector pili muscles

Which is the plexus from which the sciatic nerve originates? A. sacral B. cervical C. lumbar D. brachial

A. Sacral

What is needed to trigger a reflex? A. a stimulus B. a motor response C. a conscious awareness D. all of the above

A. a stimulus

Which side of the spinal cord has a median fissure? A. anterior B. posterior C. lateral

A. anterior

Which of the following is made up of a web of collagen and elastic fibers? A. arachnoid mater B. pia mater C. dura mater

A. arachnoid mater

The ____ is the bundle of spinal nerves beyond the inferior spinal cord. A. cauda equina B. conus medullaris C. filum terminale D. lumbar enlargement

A. cauda equina

The ____ is the inferior, cone-shaped tip of the spinal cord. A. conus medullaris B. sacral point C. lumbar enlargement D. cauda equina

A. conus medullaris

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is formed by A. ependymal cells. B. astrocytes. C. satellite cells.

A. ependymal cells.

Which is NOT true of ventricles? A. filled with air to cushion the brain B. lined with ependymal cells C. contain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) D. located in the cerebral hemispheres, between the lobes of the thalamus, and in the brain stem

A. filled with air to cushion the brain

The nerves arising from the lumbar enlargement innervate the A. lower limb B. upper limb C. thoracic cavity D. head and neck

A. lower limb

Which part of the brain is continuous with the spinal cord? A. medulla oblongata B. hypothalamus C. thalamus D. pons

A. medulla oblongata

Which division has long preganglionic neurons and short postganglionic neurons? A. parasympathetic B. sympathetic

A. parasympathetic

Which division is also known as the craniosacral? A. parasympathetic B. sympathetic

A. parasympathetic

Digestive movements are controlled by the A. parasympathetic division B. sympathetic division

A. parasympathetic division

Lacrimal glands are controlled by the A. parasympathetic division B. sympathetic division

A. parasympathetic division

Pupil size is decreased by the A. parasympathetic division B. sympathetic division

A. parasympathetic division

Which increases blood calcium? A. parathyroid hormone (PTH) B. thyroid hormone (TH)

A. parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Which produces melatonin? A. pineal gland B. hypothalamus C. pituitary gland D. thalamus

A. pineal gland

Which neuron excites or inhibits an effector? A. postganglionic neuron B. preganglionic neuron

A. postganglionic neuron

Which controls voluntary motor function? A. somatic nervous system B. autonomic nervous system

A. somatic nervous system

The shallow depressions between the ridges on the surface of the cerebrum are called A. sulci B. folia C. gyri D. fissures

A. sulci

In which division are the preganglionic neurons short and cholinergic, and the postganglionic neurons are long and adrenergic? A. sympathetic B. parasympathetic

A. sympathetic

Heart rate is increased by the A. sympathetic division B. parasympathetic division

A. sympathetic division

Which of the following is correct about dura matter? A. thick fibrous layer and a strong protective sheath over the entire brain and spinal cord B. a membrane of thin fibrous tissue that forms a loose sac around the CNS C. a thin fibrous membrane that follows the convolutions of gyri and sulci in the cerebral cortex and fits into other groove and indentions

A. thick fibrous layer and a strong protective sheath over the entire brain and spinal cord

An increase of growth hormone (GH) in adults that causes bone growth in the face and hands is: Acromegaly Pituitary gigantism Achondroplasia Pituitary dwarfism

Acromegaly

The sympathetic chain ganglion are located A. Alongside the brain stem B. Alongside the vertebral column C. Anterior to the spinal column in the abdominal cavity D. Very close to effectors

B. Alongside the vertebral

As blood calcium levels increase, A. Parathyroid hormone is released B. Calcitonin is released C. Vitamin D is released D. Calcitonin released is inhibited

B. Calcitonin is released

Which of the following is a function of the parasympathetic division? A. Increased production of sweat B. Constriction of pupils C. Increased heart rate D. Release of epinephrine

B. Constriction of pupils

Which lobe of the cerebrum receives most of the general sensory information? a. occipital lobe b. parietal lobe c. frontal lobe d. temporal lobe

B. Parietal lobe

The sensation which is not translated by thalamus: A. Hearing B. Smell C. Touch D. Taste

B. Smell

What area of the spinal cord meninges contains cerebrospinal fluid? A. Suprapial space B. Subarachnoid space C. Epidural space D. Subdural space

B. Subarachnoid space

Which part of the brain helps maintain equilibrium and posture? A. cerebellum B. brainstem C. cerebrum D. diencephalon

B. cerebullum

The ____ attaches the conus medullaris to the coccyx. A. conus medullaris B. filum terminale C. cauda equina D. lumbar enlargement

B. filum terminale

Which is responsible for the sense of fear? A. corpus callosum B. limbic system C. reticular activating system D. thalamus

B. limbic system

Which separates the left and right hemispheres of the cerebrum? A. medial fissure B. longitudinal fissure C. coronal fissure D. lateral fissure

B. longitudinal fissure

Which division maintains homeostasis under normal conditions? A. sympathetic B. parasympathetic C. neither D. both

B. parasympathetic

Which is the "rest and digest" division of the autonomic nervous system? A. sympathetic B. parasympathetic

B. parasympathetic

Cranial nerves are part of the A. central nervous system, CNS B. peripheral nervous system, PNS C. neither D. both

B. peripheral nervous system, PNS

Which nerve innervates the diaphragm? A. femoral nerve B. phrenic nerve C. ulnar nerve D. radial nerve E. sciatic nerve

B. phrenic nerve

Which side of the spinal cord has a median sulcus? A. anterior B. posterior C. lateral

B. posterior

Which contains a ganglion? A. anterior root B. posterior root

B. posterior root

Which either excites or inhibits an effector? A. preganglionic neuron B. postganglionic neuron

B. postganglionic neuron

Which comes first in the pathway from the spinal cord to an effector? A. postganglionic neuron B. preganglionic neuron

B. preganglionic neuron

Which is NOT a characteristic of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)? A. helps transport nutrients and wastes B. produced by oligodendrocytes C. creates a buoyant environment D. provides a cushion for the CNS

B. produced by oligodendrocytes

Which space contains CSF? A. subdural space B. subarachnoid space C. epidural space

B. subarachnoid space

Which division is also known as the thoracolumbar? A. parasympathetic B. sympathetic

B. sympathetic

Arrector pili are controlled by the A. parasympathetic division B. sympathetic division

B. sympathetic division

Which lobe is located on the lateral sides of the cerebrum? A. parietal lobe B. temporal lobe C. frontal lobe D. occipital lobe

B. temporal lobe

Which lobe of the cerebrum receives most of the sensory information regarding hearing and smell? A. frontal lobe B. temporal lobe C. occipital lobe D. parietal lobe

B. temporal lobe

Cell bodies of sympathetic preganglionic neurons are located in the A. autonomic ganglia B. thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord C. brain stem and sacral region of the spinal cord

B. thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord

Thyroxine (thyroid hormone) is produced by the A. pituitary gland B. thyroid gland C. parathyroid gland D. adrenal gland

B. thyroid gland

Arachnoid mater is located where? superficial surface below CSF

Below CSF

There are ___ pairs of spinal nerves. A. 12 B. 24 C. 31 D. 42

C. 31

The structures that come from the rhombencephalon are: A. Midbrain and diencephalon B. Primary vesicles C. Brain stem and cerebellum D. Metancephalon

C. Brain stem and cerebellum

Which is the region of the spinal cord that has an enlargement? A. sacral region B. brachial region C. Cervical region D. thoracic region

C. Cervical region

Which of the following is NOT a main nerve of the brachial plexus? A. Radial B. Ulnar C. Phrenic

C. Phrenic

Which of the following is NOT a division of the autonomic nervous system? A. Sympathetic nervous system B. Parasympathetic C. Somatic nervous system

C. Somatic nervous system

What is the function of a motor neuron in a reflex? A. carries motor information to the opposite side of the spinal cord B. carries motor information to the brain C. carries motor information from the spinal cord to an effector D. all of the above are functions of a motor neuron in a reflex arc

C. carries motor information from the spinal cord to an effector

Organs can be innervated by both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. This is called A. multiple innervation B. systematic innervation C. dual innervation D. motor innervation

C. dual innervation

Which layer of meninges is the most superficial? A. arachnoid mater B. pia mater C. dura mater

C. dura mater

Which layer of meninges is the thickest and toughest? A. arachnoid mater B. pia mater C. dura mater

C. dura mater

Which term refers to a cluster of neuron cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system (PNS)? A. plexus B. nerve C. ganglion D. funiculus

C. ganglion

Which are the largest ventricles in the cerebrum? A. sixth B. third C. lateral D. fourth

C. lateral

Which is responsible for the sense of fear? A. reticular activating system B. thalamus C. limbic system D. corpus callosum

C. limbic system

Which part of the brain is involved in storing long-term memories associated with smell? A. reticular activating system B. basal nuclei C. limbic system D. cerebral cortex

C. limbic system

Which is the region of the spinal cord that has an enlargement? A. sacral region B. brachial region C. lumbar region D. thoracic region

C. lumbar region

Which is NOT one of the 4 major parts of the brain? A. diencephalon B. cerebellum C. spinal cord D. brainstem

C. spinal cord

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is produced when: A. Blood glucose levels are high B. Blood glucose levels are low C. A person is well-hydrated D. A person is dehydrated

D. A person is dehydrated

Aldosterone: A. Is released from the adrenal cortex B. Regulates Na+ reabsorption at the kidneys C. Is a mineralocorticoid D. All of the choices are correct

D. All of the choices are correct

Which is a main function of the cerebral nuclei (basal nuclei)? A. Regulate body temperature B. Involved in visual reflexes C. Secrete melatonin D. Regulate motor output (muscle activity)

D. Regulate motor output (muscle activity)

The ____ is the bundle of spinal nerves beyond the inferior spinal cord. A. filum terminale B. lumbar enlargement C. conus medullaris D. cauda equina

D. cauda equina

Which is the plexus from which the phrenic nerve originates? A. sacral B. brachial C. lumbar D. cervical

D. cervical

The most anterior lobe of the cerebrum is the ____. A. occipital lobe B. temporal lobe C. parietal lobe D. frontal lobe

D. frontal lobe

The infundibulum connects the A. anterior pituitary to the posterior pituitary B. pituitary gland to the pineal gland C. hypothalamus to the pineal gland D. hypothalamus to the pituitary gland

D. hypothalamus to the pituitary gland

Which funiculus of the spinal cord contains only ascending sensory tracts that carry sensory information to the brain? A. lateral B. anterior C. medial D. posterior

D. posterior

Which is NOT a plexus? A. cervical B. sacral C. brachial D. thoracic

D. thoracic

What disorder could occur as a result of decreased secretion of somatomedin during childhood? Gigantism Dwarfism Acromegaly Diabetes mellitus

Dwarfism

Which of the following is(are) the function(s) of oxytocin? A. Causes contraction of uterine muscles C. Increases pair bonding between individuals D. Causes the let-down of milk E. all are correct

E. all are correct

What is Trochlear function?

Eye movement (motor) (superior oblique muscle)

what is Abducens function ?

Eye movement (motor) lateral rectus muscle

What is Oculomotor?

Eye movement(motor) (medial,inferior, superior rectus muscle & inferior oblique muscle)

Acetylcholine is the only neurotransmitter released by ANS neurons. True or False

False

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a stationary fluid in the central nervous system and does not circulate. True or False

False

Sensory neurons travel through the anterior root into the anterior horns of the spinal cord. True or False

False

There are 5 lobes of the brain: two on the left hemisphere and 3 on the right hemisphere. True or False

False

What is (Spinal) accessory?

Head and neck movements (motor) trapezius, levator scapula

What is the function of vestibulocochlear?

Hearing and equilibrium (sensory)

Which of the following hormone is associated with the posterior pituitary lobe? Growth hormone Prolactin FSH Oxytocin

Oxytocin

An abnormal increase in height due to an excess of growth hormone during the growing years is: Acromegaly Achondroplasia Pituitary dwarfism Pituitary gigantism

Pituitary gigantism

Calcitonin: Increases blood sodium levels Increases blood calcium levels Decreases blood sodium levels Reduces blood calcium levels

Reduces blood calcium levels

What is olfactory function?

Smell (sensory)

Aldosterone is important in regulation of: Sodium Iron Iodine

Sodium

what is trigeminal?

Temperature, pain, crude touch of face (sensory) chewing (motor)

What is Hypoglossal?

Tongue movement (motor)

Beta cells secrete insulin to decrease blood sugar. True or False

True

Like the cerebrum, the cerebellum has gray matter on the outside and white matter towards the inside. True or False

True

Reflexes are all involuntary responses to a stimulus. True or False

True

The cerebral cortex is the outer surface of the cerebrum. True or False

True

The first and second ventricles are separated by a thin membrane called the septum pellucidum. True or False

True

The fourth ventricle is continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord. True or False

True

The gray matter is more superficial than white matter in the brain. True or False

True

The infundibulum connects the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus. True or False

True

The insula is a lobe of the cerebrum that receives sensory information regarding taste (gustation). True or False

True

The thyroid gland secretes calcitonin to regulate the levels of calcium in the blood. True or False

True

White matter tracts (funiculi) of the spinal cord carry sensory information up to the brain and motor information down from the brain. True or False

True

What is Optic function?

Vision (sensory)

Pulling the arm back from a hot pan is an example of a ______ reflex. A. Autonomic B. Withdrawal C. Stretch D. Golgi tendon

Withdrawal

What does Adrenal glands do? a. Cells of the cortex secrete hormones involved with mineral balance, metabolic control, and resistance to stress b. stimulate melanin as well as multiple hormes, regulate endocrine and reproductive organs c. secretes melatonin, affects reproductive function and sleeping cycle d. secretes hormone important to regulation of calcium io

a. Cells of the cortex secrete hormones involved with mineral balance, metabolic control, and resistance to stress

How are steroid hormones release? a. Reproductive organs, adrenal cortex, and kidneys b. hormones c.thyroid gland d. polypeptides

a. Reproductive organs, adrenal cortex, and kidneys

what does heart secretes ? a. anp b.EPO and renin c.leptin d.cholecalciferol

a. anp

What does catecholamines include? a. epinephrine and norepinephrine, dopamine, and melatonin b. carbon rings and side chains c. secondary roles of hormones d. reproductive organs

a. epinephrine and norepinephrine, dopamine, and melatonin

what do alpha cells secrete? a. glucagon b.insulin c.hormones d.PP

a. glucagon

What does growth hormone enhance? a.growth b.temperature c.weight d.bones

a. growth

what cause blood glucose concentration rises above this range, insulin is released which stimulates body cells to remove glucose from the blood? a. homeostatic regulation b.pituitary gland

a. homeostatic regulation

Where does hypothalamus lies from the thalamus? a. inferior and anterior to the thalamus b. posterior c.lateral

a. inferior and anterior to the thalamus

what does peptide hormones include? a. most hormones of body, range from short polypeptide b. carbon rings and side chains c. paracrine factors that coordinate cellular activities d. thyroid hormones

a. most hormones of body, range from short polypeptide

Why are Eicosanoids important? a. paracrine factors that coordinate cellular activities and enzymatic in extracellular fluids b. short polypeptides c. thyroid glands d. releases adrenal cortex

a. paracrine factors that coordinate cellular activities and enzymatic in extracellular fluids

What are Leukotrienes? a. secondary roles as hormones b. thyroid gland c. kidneys d. polypeptides

a. secondary roles as hormones

What does hypothalamus do ? a. secretes hormones, muscle contraction, body temperature, secretion by anterior pituitary gland b. stimulate melanin as well as multiple hormes, regulate endocrine and reproductive organs c. secretes melatonin, affects reproductive function and sleeping cycle d. secretes hormone important to regulation of calcium ion levels and body fluids e. cells of the cortex secrete hormones involved with mineral balance metabolic control and resistant to stress

a. secretes hormones, muscle contraction, body temperature, secretion by anterior pituitary gland

what does kidney secretes? a.EPO and renin b.leptin c.thymosin

a.EPO and renin

skeleton produces what? a.FGF23 b.EPO and renin c.leptin d.thymosin

a.FGF23

what does liver secretes? a.ILFG, angiotensinogen b.EPO and renin c.leptin d.cholecalciferol

a.ILFG, angiotensinogen

what lowers blood glucose increases glucose uptake and utilization by cell and increases glycogen production in liver and skeletal? a.beta cells b.alpha cells c. delta cells

a.beta cells

What does Pineal gland produces? a.melatonin b.melanin c.bones

a.melatonin

what produces hCg? a.placenta b.testes c.ovaries

a.placenta

Pituitary hormone FSH effects what? a.stimulates production of sperm and eggs b.promotes milk production c.stimulates production of sex hormones by gonads d.stimulates the release of thyroid hormone regulated metabolims

a.stimulates production of sperm and eggs

Which produces epinephrine and norepinephrine? adrenal medulla adrenal cortex

adrenal medulla

who has ADH and OXT> a. Posterior Pituitary b. Hypothalamus c. anterior pituitary d. peptide hormones

b. Hypothalamus

What does Pituitary gland do ? a. secretes hormones, muscle contraction, body temperature, secretion by anterior pituitary gland b. stimulate melanin as well as multiple hormes, regulate endocrine and reproductive organs c. secretes melatonin, affects reproductive function and sleeping cycle d. secretes hormone important to regulation of calcium ion levels and body fluids e. cells of the cortex secrete hormones involved with mineral balance metabolic control and resistant to stress

b. stimulate melanin as well as multiple hormes, regulate endocrine and reproductive organs

what increases rate of glycogen breakdown and glucose release by liver? a.beta cells b.alpha cells c. delta cells

b.alpha cells

What does ADH hold? a.hormones b.body fluids c.calcium

b.body fluids

Adrenaline breaks down what and created what? a.calcium:hormones b.glycogen; ATP c.blood cloth;bones

b.glycogen; ATP

What is zona glomerulosa effects? a. glucocorticoids increase rates of glucose and glycogen formation by the liver b.increases renal reabsorption of NA+ and water accelerates unrinary loss of K+ c.Adrenal androgens stimulate thedevelopment of pubic hair inboys and girls before puberty

b.increases renal reabsorption of NA+ and water accelerates unrinary loss of K+

what doe beta cells secrete? a. glucagon b.insulin c.hormones d.PP

b.insulin

What does posterior pituitary release? a.hormones b.oxytocin or ADH c.calcium

b.oxytocin or ADH

Pituitary hormone PRL effects what? a.stimulates production of sperm and eggs b.promotes milk production c.stimulates production of sex hormones by gonads d.stimulates the release of thyroid hormone regulates metabolims

b.promotes milk production

what produces testosterone and inhibin? a.placenta b.testes c.ovaries

b.testes

where do adrenal glands sit? a. above stomach b. above neck c. above kidneys

c. above kidneys

What does Lipid derivative? a. thyroid hormones b. short polypeptides c. carbon rings and side chains from fatty acids or cholesterol d. reproductive organs

c. carbon rings and side chains from fatty acids or cholesterol

Pituitary hormone ACTH effects what? a. stimulates production of sperm and eggs b. promotes milk production c. induces targets to produce glucocorticoids which regulate metabolism and the stress response d. induces target to produce insulin-like growth factors, stimulate body growth and a higher metabolic rate

c. induces targets to produce glucocorticoids which regulate metabolism and the stress response

How is prostaglandins involved? a. thyroid gland b. adrenal cortex c. primarily in coordinating local cellular activities d. kidneys

c. primarily in coordinating local cellular activities

What does Pineal gland do? a. secretes hormones, muscle contraction, body temperature, secretion by anterior pituitary gland b. stimulate melanin as well as multiple hormes, regulate endocrine and reproductive organs c. secretes melatonin, affects reproductive function and sleeping cycle d. secretes hormone important to regulation of calcium ion levels and body fluids e. cells of the cortex secrete hormones involved with mineral balance metabolic

c. secretes melatonin, affects reproductive function and sleeping cycle

what does adipose tissue release? a.FGF23 b.EPO and renin c.leptin d.thymosin

c.leptin

what produces estrogen or progesterone? a.placenta b.testes c.ovaries

c.ovaries

Pituitary hormone LH effects what? a.stimulates production of sperm and eggs b.promotes milk production c.stimulates production of sex hormones by gonads d.stimulates the release of thyroid hormone regulated metabolims

c.stimulates production of sex hormones by gonads

Select ALL the places CSF is found. - central canal of the spinal cord - epidural space - ventricles - subarachnoid space

central canal of the spinal cord, subarachnoid space, ventricles

What is lateral horn responsible of? sensory motor cns

cns

Pituitary hormone GH effects what? a. stimulates production of sperm and eggs b. promotes milk production c. stimulates production of sex hormones by gonads d. induces target to produce insulin-like growth factors, stimulate body growth and a higher metabolic rate

d. induces target to produce insulin-like growth factors, stimulate body growth and a higher metabolic rate

What does Thyroid gland do? a. secretes hormones, muscle contraction, body temperature, secretion by anterior pituitary gland b. stimulate melanin as well as multiple hormes, regulate endocrine and reproductive organs c. secretes melatonin, affects reproductive function and sleeping cycle d. secretes hormone important to regulation of calcium ion levels and body fluids e. cells of the cortex secrete hormones involved with mineral balance metabolic

d. secretes hormone important to regulation of calcium ion levels and body fluids

Amino acid derivative what? a. melatonin b. amino acids c. reproductive organs d. thyroid hormones

d. thyroid hormones

what does skin produce? a.FGF23 b.EPO and renin c.leptin d.cholecalciferol

d.cholecalciferol

Pituitary hormone TSH effects what? a.stimulates production of sperm and eggs b.promotes milk production c.stimulates production of sex hormones by gonads d.stimulates the release of thyroid hormone regulates metabolims

d.stimulates the release of thyroid hormone regulates metabolism

where does aldosterone come from? a.adrenal medulla b.zona reticularis c.zona fasciculata d.zona glomerulosa

d.zona glomerulosa

Thyroid hormone on tissues does which of the following? a. increased rates of O2 consumption and energy consumption, in children may cause rise in body temperature b. increased heart rate and force of contraction c. maintenance of normal sensitivity of respiration d. stimulation of RBC and thus enhanced O2 delivery formation, activity in endocrine, accelerated turnoever of minerals in bone e. all of the above

e. all of the above

What does Parathyroid gland do? a. secretes hormones, muscle contraction, body temperature, secretion by anterior pituitary gland b. stimulate melanin as well as multiple hormes, regulate endocrine and reproductive organs c. secretes melatonin, affects reproductive function and sleeping cycle d. secretes hormone important to regulation of calcium ion levels and body fluids e. cells of the cortex secrete hormones involved with mineral balance metabolic control, and resistance to stress

e. cells of the cortex secrete hormones involved with mineral balance metabolic control, and resistance to stress

Antagonistic effect: FSH and Estrogen true or false

false; insulin vs glucagon

Which term refers to the ridges found on the outer surface of the cerebellum? Question options: sulci folia fissures gyri

folia

Which produces antidiuretic hormone (ADH)? A.anterior pituitary B. posterior pituitary C. hypothalamus D. thyroid

hypothalamus

Which produces oxytocin? anterior pituitary posterior pituitary hypothalamus thyroid

hypothalamus

Which horn is found in thoracic and lumbar? anterior posterior lateral

lateral

Which regulates the rate of your breathing and heart rate? cardiac center pontine respiratory center medullary respiratory center vasomotor center

medullary respiratory center

What is anterior horn responsible of? motor & somatic sensory CNS

motor & somatic

What is proprioceptor? muscle or tendon nerves signal

muscle or tendon

Which part of the brainstem helps control the skeletal muscles needed for breathing? Question options: midbrain corpus callosum cerebellum pons

pons

Where are gray horns located? anterior lateral posterior

posterior

Which is responsible of sensory? anterior lateral posterior

posterior

What is vagus function?

sense blood pressure (sensory) heart rate and digestive (motor)

what is Facial function?

taste (2/3 of anterior tongue) (sensory) expression (motor)

What is glossophranygeal?

taste of 1/3 of anterior tongue (sensory) swallowing and gag reflex (motor)

Calcitonin is secreted by the thyroid gland pancreas hypothalamus parathyroid gand

thyroid gland

Calcitonin is secreted by the: hypothalamus pancreas thyroid gland parathyroid gand

thyroid gland

Diabetogenic effect is to stimulate liver to break down glycogen to glucose true or false

true

Hormones initiate a response only if received by receptors of specific target cells. True or False

true

Negative feedback loop is the release of adrenal glucocorticoid and stimulated by release of hormones from hypothalamus and gets rid of stimulus true or false

true

Permissive effect: renin converts angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2 true or false

true

Synergistic effect: FSH and Estrogen true or false

true