Chapter 13 Respiratory System
Functions of the respiratory system
Gas exchange, filters air, release of carbon dioxide, warms the air to the lungs
Bronchi
The large airways that branch off of the trachea
Pleura
The membrane that surrounds the lungs, decreasing the friction of breathing
Diaphragm
The primary muscle for breathing
Internal Respiration
The process where oxygenated blood exchanges gas with the tissues
Lobes
The right lungs has three and the left lung has two
Pharynx
The throat
Cilia
The tiny, hair like projections on the surface of respiratory epithelial cells
Larynx
The voice box
thoracic cavity
This houses the lungs
Carina
This is the point where the trachea bifurcates forming the bronchi
Vestibular region
This portion of the nasal cavity contains coarse hairs that filter out particles
Olfactory region
This portion of the nasal cavity is responsible for detecting smells
Oropharynx
This portion of the pharynx connects to the mouth
Nasopharynx
This portion of the pharynx connects to the nose and contains the adenoids
Laryngopharynx
This portion of the pharynx connects to the throat
Respiration
This process involves exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide with the bloodstream
Ventilation
This process involves moving air in and out of the lungs
Turbinates
Three scroll like bones that split inhaled air into several smaller channels of turbulent flow
Bronchioles
Very small airways
Nasal cavity
Warms and moistens inhaled air; detects smells
Nare
Another name for a nostril
Carbon Dioxide
normally breathing rate is determined by this level in the blood
Epiglottis
A flap of cartilage that closes off the airways during swallowing
Surfactant
Is a phospholipid that lowers the surface tension of the alveoli, preventing them from collapsing
Alveoli
The air sacs at the terminal ends of the airways; the place where gas exchange occurs in the lungs
Trachea
The airway that extends form the larynx to the bronchi; the windpipe; the long cartilage supported tube that extends down the upper portion of the chest