Chapter 14

otorrhagia

"abnormal ear discharge."

anacusis

"condition of absence of hearing" and refers to a total loss of hearing.

otalgia

"pain in the ear," or earache.

ophthalmomalacia

"softening of the eye."

Ménière disease

A chronic disease of the inner ear. It includes symptoms of vertigo, or dizziness, and tinnitus, a ringing in the ears.

detached retina

A common cause of blindness. It occurs when the retina tears away from the choroid layer of the eye. It can be caused by a severe blow to the head, high blood pressure, or old age.

blepharitis

A common symptom of an inflammation of an eyelid If the inflammation or trauma damages the eyelid, it may be repaired in the procedure known as blepharoplasty.

retinopathy

A general term for a disease of the retina. A common form of retinopathy occurs among people with diabetes mellitus, and is called diabetic retinopathy.

presbyacusis

A gradual loss of hearing with advancing age is a very common experience.

hordeolum

A meibomian gland is a small gland in the eyelid that secretes lubricating fluid onto the conjunctiva. An infection of this gland produces a local swelling of the eyelid. Also called a sty, the term is derived from the Latin word, hordeum, which means "barley." A chronic form of this infection is often called a chalazion, which is derived from chalaza, the Greek word that means "sty."

tympanometry

A procedure that evaluates the elasticity of the eardrum by measuring its movement.

otosclerosis

An abnormal formation of bone within the ear, usually between the stapes and the oval window of the middle ear, the disease causes a progressive loss of hearing.

diplopia

Condition of double vision, may result from weakened extrinsic eye muscles, defects in the lens, or a condition of the brain.

keratitis

Condition when the cornea becomes inflamed.

vision disorders

Conditions of the eye that result in a reduction of vision. Often caused by defects in the lens, cornea, or shape of the eyeball, these disorders include nearsightedness, or myopia; farsightedness, or hyperopia; and presbyopia, or reduction in vision due to age. Emmetropia, is the normal condition of the eye, abbreviated Em. In the condition astigmatism, the curvature of the eye is defective to produce blurred vision. It is abbreviated Ast.

optometrist

Correcting vision disorders is usually attempted by the use of corrective lenses or contact lenses following a vision examination by an optometrist. An optometrist is a health professional (not a physician) trained to examine eyes to correct vision problems and eye disorders. As an alternative to using contact lenses for myopia, an ophthalmologist may perform a radial keratotomy, during which spokelike incisions are made into the cornea, which effectively flattens the cornea to correct for myopia. An ophthalmologist is a physician who specializes in the study and treatment of diseases associated with the eyes.

iritis

During a bacterial infection of the eye, parts of the eye may become inflamed. A condition when the iris is affected.

dacryocystorhinostomy

During this procedure, a channel is surgically created between the nasal cavity and lacrimal sac to promote drainage.

mastoidectomy

In some patients, it may become necessary to surgically remove part of the mastoid process of the temporal bone to treat severe mastoiditis.

blepharoptosis

In some people of senior age, the eyelid droops over the eye abnormally.

labyrinthectomy

In some severe cases of permanent hearing loss, the inner ear, or labyrinth, is surgically removed and replaced with a synthetic hearing device. The surgical removal of the inner ear.

glaucoma

In the disease of the eye known as glaucoma, a loss of vision occurs when the fluid pressure within the anterior chamber of the eyeball (called intraocular pressure) rises above normal. The rise of fluid pressure is often caused by a blockage in a small opening that normally drains the fluid.

ophthalmoplegia

Paralysis of the eye. In this eye disease, the extrinsic eye muscles are unable to move the eyeball. Each of these eye conditions are forms of eye disease, or ophthalmopathy.

LASIK

The acronym for laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis is ______________________. It is the use of a laser to reshape the corneal tissue beneath the surface of the cornea to correct vision disorders, such as myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. Copyright | Prentice Hall | Medical Terminology Complete! | Edition 2 | [email protected] | Printed from www.chegg.com

conjunctivitis

The conjunctiva is a thin membrane covering the anterior, exposed part of the eye and the inner eyelid. Bacteria may infect this membrane, causing inflammation. Commonly known as "pinkeye" because of the pink color of the sclera caused by the inflammation, itchy watery eyes and a crusty exudate are common signs.

corneal grafting

The cornea is normally transparent, but may lose its transparency from exposure to ultraviolet light or become damaged from an injury. The most common treatment of corneal damage is corneal grafting. During this procedure, the injured cornea is removed and replaced by implantation of a donor or synthetic cornea.

otitis

The general term for inflammation of the ear. In one form of this disease, the external auditory canal is involved causing local sensations of pain, and is called otitis externa. In another form, the middle ear is involved to cause local pain and a temporary loss of hearing. Known as otitis media, it is relatively common among children, is caused by bacterial infection, and often requires antibiotic therapy. It is abbreviated OM. It has been estimated that 80% of all children will have contracted otitis media by their third birthday, and it is the most common cause of partial hearing loss. Both otitis externa and otitis media are otopathies, which literally means "diseases of the ear."

otoscope

The instrument that is used in a physical exam to view the ear canal and eardrum. The exam procedure is called an otoscopy.

dacryolithiasis

The lacrimal apparatus is a tear-forming gland with associated tubes and chambers, mainly located near the medial side of each eyeball. The presence of rocky particles in the apparatus. It is a painful condition that often leads to inflammation of the lacrimal apparatus, known as dacryocystitis. If the inflammation should pass into the adjacent sinuses, the condition becomes dacryosinusitis.

macular degeneration

The macula lutea is a small area of the retina that contains a high density of photoreceptors, known as cone cells. Because of the high concentration of cone cells, it is the area of sharpest vision. Progressive deterioration of the macula lutea leads to a loss of visual focus. The abbreviated version is is AMD (age-related macular degeneration) because its most common cause is age.

audiometry

The procedure involving the measurement of hearing is usually performed by an audiologist.

mastoidotomy

The procedure is preceded by making an incision into the mastoid process.

leukocoria

The pupil is the black opening through the iris that allows light to enter the posterior cavity of the eyeball. The abnormal appearance of a white film in the pupil is a sign of disease. Literally means "white in the pupil."

audiologist

The study of hearing disorders is a field of practice called audiology. One who specializes in hearing disorders and treatment.

ophthalmalgia

The symptom of eye pain.

mastoiditis

The term that literally means "inflammation of the part resembling a breast." The mastoid process is an area of the temporal bone of the skull housing the middle and internal ear. Bacterial infections of the middle ear can travel into the mastoid area to produce mastoiditis, causing serious complications that can lead to impaired hearing or deafness.

otorrhea

This is a symptom of abnormal drainage (of pus) from the ear.

cataract extraction

a lens damaged by a cataract is surgically removed and replaced with a donor lens. If a donor lens is not available an artificial intraocular lens (IOL) may be implanted.

tinnitus

a ringing or buzzing sensation in the ears. Derived from the Latin word tinnio, which means "jingling sound."

myringoplasty

a surgical repair of the eardum.

asthenopia

a symptom of eye weakness, commonly referred to as "eyestrain." It is a short-term, or acute, symptom usually resulting from reading a computer screen or book without frequent breaks.

-rrhagia

abnormal discharge

myringotomy

an incision into the eardrum.

cysto

bladder, sac

sinuso

cavity

-ia

condition of

-iasis

condition of

-acusis

condition of hearing

-algia

condition of pain

-opia

condition of vision

-ism

condition or disease

-pathy

disease

dipl-

double

-ptosis

drooping

oto

ear

tympano

eardrum

hyper-

excessive, abnormally high, above

externo

exterior

oculo

eye

ophthalmo

eye

opto

eye

blepharo

eyelid

kerato

hard, cornea

sclero

hard, sclera

audio

hearing

-itis

inflammation

equilibrium

interpretation of sound

iro

iris

vertigo

is a sensation of dizziness. Derived from the Latin word vertigo, which means "dizziness."

hyperacusis

literally means "condition of excessive hearing." It refers to a symptom of abnormally sensitive hearing. The term paracusis is a symptom of partial loss of hearing.

labyrintho

maze, inner ear

ophthalmorrhagia

means "abnormal discharge of the eye."

otology

medical field of ear disorders and their treatment.

myringo

membrane, eardrum

medo

middle

rhino

nose

presbyo

old age

-plegia

paralysis

stigmato

point

coro

pupil

mastoido

resembling a breast

retino

retina

-malacia

softening

litho

stone

dacryo

tear

tympanoplasty

the surgical repair of the eardrum.

retina

the thin membrane of the eye containing photoreceptors.

conjunctivo

to bind together, conjunctiva

cataract

transparency of the lens is reduced. the formation is usually a normal part of the aging process. As you might guess, the common symptom of cataract is leukocoria.

astheno

weakness

leuko

white

a-

without