Chapter 14 Heat

D) all of these

Substances absorb heat energy by the process of A) conduction. B) convection. C) radiation. D) all of these

A) copper

Aluminum has a specific heat capacity more than twice that of copper. Place equal masses of aluminum and copper wire in a flame and the one to undergo the fastest increase in temperature will be A) copper. B) aluminum. C) both the same

A) higher than its surroundings

An object will normally be a net radiator of energy when its temperature is A) higher than its surroundings. B) lower than its surroundings. C) neither of these

A) the black surface

Both black and white road surfaces absorb sunlight. At the end of a sunny day the warmer road surface will be A) the black surface. B) the white surface. C) Neither - there is no difference.

D) fluids

Energy transfer by convection is primarily restricted to A) solids. B) liquids. C) gases. D) fluids. E) none of these

C) choices A and B are both true

Heat energy is measured in units of A) joules. B) calories. C) Choices A and B are both true. D) Choices A and B are both false.

A) from your finger to the ice

When you touch a cold piece of ice with your finger, energy flows A) from your finger to the ice. B) from the ice to your finger. C) actually, both ways.

C) radiation

A Thermos bottle has double glass walls with silver coating on the glass surfaces that face one another. The silver coating reduces the energy that is transferred by A) conduction. B) convection. C) radiation. D) friction. E) none of these

A) good emitter of radiation

A good absorber of radiation is a A) good emitter of radiation. B) poor emitter of radiation. C) good reflector. D) none of these

A) a poor insulator

A good heat conductor is A) a poor insulator. B) a good insulator. C) neither a poor nor a good insulator.

C) poor absorber of radiation

A good reflector of radiation is a A) good absorber of radiation. B) good emitter of radiation. C) poor absorber of radiation. D) none of these

A) black pot

A liter of hot water will cool to room temperature faster in a A) black pot. B) silver pot. C) red pot. D) depends more on the size of the pot than its color

B) low specific heat

A substance that heats up relatively quickly has a A) high specific heat. B) low specific heat. C) high conductivity. D) low conductivity.

B) the white surface

Both black and white road surfaces radiate energy. At the end of a starry night the warmer road surface will be A) the black surface. B) the white surface. C) Neither - there is no difference.

A) black pot

Cold water will warm to room temperature faster in a A) black pot. B) silver pot. C) depends more on the size of the pots than their color

B) temperature to an object with a lower internal energy

Heat energy travels from an object with a high A) internal energy to an object with a lower internal energy. B) temperature to an object with a lower temperature. C) Both of these, for they say essentially say the same thing. D) None of the above choices are true.

1 cal is required to raise 1 gram of water by 1 degree C... literally the definition of calories

How much energy does it take to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1 degree C?

C) internal energy decreases

If a solid object radiates more energy than it absorbs, its A) internal energy and temperature decrease. B) temperature decreases. C) internal energy decreases. D) None of the above choices are true.

A) considerably colder

If air were a better conductor than it is, at nighttime the Earth would be A) considerably colder. B) considerably warmer. C) not appreciably different in temperature.

B) looseness of outer electrons in metal atoms

Metals are both good heat conductors and good electrical conductors because of the A) similarity between thermal and electrical conductive properties. B) looseness of outer electrons in metal atoms. C) relatively high densities of metals. D) high elasticity of metals. E) ability of metals to transfer energy easily.

A) absorb radiation relatively well

Objects that radiate relatively well A) absorb radiation relatively well. B) reflect radiation relatively well. C) both of these D) neither of these

B) low thermal conductivity of the coals

One of the main reasons one can walk barefoot on red-hot coals of wood without burning the feet has to do with A) low temperature of the coals. B) low thermal conductivity of the coals. C) mind over matter techniques.

A) less than 30 degrees C

Place a kilogram block of iron at 40 degrees C into a kilogram of water at 20 degrees C and the final temperature of the two becomes A) less than 30 degrees C. B) at or about 30 degrees C. C) more than 30 degrees C.

B) at or about 30 degrees C

Pour a liter of water at 40 degrees C into a liter of water at 20 degrees C and the final temperature of the two becomes A) less than 30 degrees C. B) at or about 30 degrees C. C) more than 30 degrees C.

B) high specific heats

Some molecules are able to absorb large amounts of energy in the form of internal vibrations and rotations. Materials composed of such molecules have A) low specific heats. B) high specific heats. C) none of the above

A) thermal equilibrium

The fact that a thermometer "takes its own temperature" illustrates A) thermal equilibrium. B) energy conservation. C) the difference between heat and internal energy. D) the fact that molecules are constantly moving.

A) a low specific heat

The fact that desert sand is very hot in the day and very cold at night is evidence that sand has A) a low specific heat. B) a high specific heat. C) no specific heat.

C) high specific heat

The moderate temperatures of islands throughout the world has much to do with water's A) poor conductivity. B) vast supply of internal energy. C) high specific heat. D) high evaporation rate. E) absorption of solar energy.

C) radiation

The planet Earth loses heat mainly by A) conduction. B) convection. C) radiation. D) all of these

C) the energy per molecule is high, but little energy is transferred because of the few molecules in the spark.

The white-hot sparks that strike your skin from a 4th-of-July-type sparkler don't harm you because A) they have a low temperature. B) the energy per molecule is very low. C) the energy per molecule is high, but little energy is transferred because of the few molecules in the spark.

1. Conduction: heat energy is transferred by particle collisions 2. Convection: heat is transferred by the mass movement of heated molecules (carry) 3. Radiation: heat is transferred by the emission of infrared electromagnetic waves

What are the three ways that molecules transfer heat? Describe each.

The specific heat energy of any substance is a measure of the amount of heat energy per unit mass per unit temperature. Units are energy per mass per degree temperature. For example: cal/g x C

What is specific heat capacity? What are its units?

Temperature is a measure of warmth with respect to a scale and is an indication of the average molecular speed for the substance

What is temperature?

B) iron

Which of the following normally warms up fastest when heat is applied? A) water B) iron C) glass D) wood E) All of the above choices are equally true.

B) is a better insulator than tile

Your feet feel warmer on a rug than on a tile floor because a rug A) is usually warmer than tile. B) is a better insulator than tile. C) for the same mass has more internal energy than tile. D) all of these E) none of these