chapter 15 Antiparkinson drugs
C
A Patient who is newly diagnosed with Parkinson's disease and beginning medication therapy with tacapone (Comtan), a COMT inhibitor, asks the nurse, "How soon will improvement occur?" What is the nurse's best response? A. "That varies from patient to patient." B. "You should discuss that with your physician. C. "You should notice a difference within a few days." D. "It may take several weeks before you notice any degree of improvement."
A C
A patient asks why a second drug is give with his drug for Parkinson's disease. The nurse notes that this drug, an anticholinergic, is given to control or minimize which symptoms? A. Drooling B. Constipation C. Muscle rigidity D. Bradykinesia E. Dry mouth
A
A patient is taking entacapone (Comtan) as part of the therapy for Parkinson's disease. Which intervention by the nurse is appropriate at this time? A. Notify the patient that this drug causes discoloration of the urine B. Limit the patient's intake of tyramine-containing foods C. Monitor the results of renal studies because this drug can seriously affect renal function D. Force fluids to prevent dehydration
B
A patient who has been taking carbidopa-levodopa for Parkinson's disease for over 1 year wants to start a low carbohydrate/ high protein weight loos diet. The nurse tells the patient that this type of diet may have what effect on this drug therapy? A. There will be no problem with this diet while on this medication B. The high protein diet can slow or prevent absorption of this medication C. The high protein diet may cause increased blood levels of this medication D. The high protein diet will cause no problems as long as the patient also takes pyridoxine (vitamin B6)
B
A patient will be taking selegiline (Eldepryl), 10 mg daily, in addition to dopamine replacement therapy for Parkinson's disease. The nurse will implement which precautions regarding selegiline? A. Teach patients to avoid foods containing tyramine. B. Monitor for dizziness C. Inform patient that this drug may cause urine discoloration D. Monitor for weight gain
D
A patient with Parkinson's disease has difficulty preforming voluntary movements. What is the correct term for this symptom? A. Akinesia B. Dyskinesia C. Chorea D. Dystonia
A
A patient with Parkinson's disease will start taking entacapone (Comtan) along with the carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet) he has been taking for a few years. The nurse recognizes that the advantage of taking entacapone is that A. the entacapone can reduce the on-off effects B. the levodopa may be stopped in a few days C. there is less GI upset with entacapone D. it does not cause the cheese effect
A C E
Carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet) is prescribed for a patient with Parkinson's disease. The nurse will inform the patient of which possible adverse effects? A. Palpitations B. Insomnia C. Hypotension D. Urinary frequency E. GI distress
D
During a patient teaching session about antiparkinson drugs, the nurse will include which statement? A. "The drug will be stopped when tremors and weakness are relieved" B. "If a dose is missed, take two doses to avoid significant decrease in blood levels" C. "Be sure to notify your physician if your urine turns brownish orange in color" D. "Take care to change positions slowly to prevent falling due to drop in blood pressure"
A B C E
The expected side effects of the anticholinergic drugs used to treat Parkinson's include (select all that apply) A. dry mouth and decreased salivation B. Urinary retention C. decreased GI motility and constipation D. pupillary constriction E smooth muscle relaxation
A C D
The nurse is assessing a patient who has begun therapy with amantadine (Symmetrel) for Parkinson's disease. The nurse will look for which possible effects? (select all that apply) A. Nausea B. Palpations C. Dizziness D. Insomnia E. Fatigue
B
The nurse is providing teaching on COMT inhibitors to a patient with a new prescription. The nurse will be re to educate the patient on the possibility of which adverse effect? A. Dizziness B. Urine discoloration C. Leg edema D. Visual changes
C
Which condition will alert the nurse to a potential caution or contraindication regarding the use of a dopaminergic drug for the treatment of mild Parkinson's disease? A. Diarrhea B. Tremors C. Angle-closure glaucoma D. Unstable gait
D
Which drug may be used as monotherapy or in conjunction with levodopa to treat Parkinson's disease? A. Bromocriptine (Parlodel) B. Benstropine (Cogentin) C. Carbidopa (Lodsyn) D. Selegiline (Eldepryl)
D
Which statement describes the rationale for combining carbidopa with levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson's disease? A. The combination eliminates the side effects of both medications B. The combination decreases the liver's first pass effect on dopamine. C. The combination decreases the level of acetylcholine at the synapse D. The combination allows lower levels of dopamine to be used with the same effect on alleviation of symptoms.
