Chapter 15 Assessment
Which type of blood vessel can serve as pressure reservoirs?
Arteries
What happens to the velocity of blood flow, as blood flows from the venules to the veins?
Increases
What is the primary function of the smooth muscle of a blood vessel?
It regulates the diameter of the lumen
What effect will a large increase in blood volume have on blood pressure, in a blood vessel with a high compliance as compared to one with low compliance?
It will increase blood pressure more in the blood vessel with lower compliance.
How is mean arterial pressure calculated?
MAP = DP + 1/3 (SP - DP)
Identify the structure shown in the image.
Sinusoid
Which type of blood vessel contains valves to prevent backflow of blood?
Veins
The amount of blood that leaves the systemic veins and flows into the heart is known as what?
Venous return
What is the main way that the body regulates the amount of blood flowing to an organ?
adjusting the radii of arterioles supplying the organ
Which type of blood vessel is important for regulating blood pressure through vasoconstriction and vasodilation?
arterioles
Why is velocity of blood flow faster in arteries and veins than it is in capillaries?
because arteries and veins have a larger diameter
Which type of blood vessel serves as exchange vessels?
capillaries
Increasing resistance in blood vessels causes an increase in blood pressure and a/an ___________ in blood flow
decrease
How does the cardiovascular system cause heart rate to decrease?
decreases activity in sympathetic neurons and increases activity in parasympathetic neurons
Oxygen and carbon dioxide enter and leave the blood through what process?
diffusion
What is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?
extracts wastes from blood
The thickness of blood is known as blood
viscosity
If diastolic pressure is 90mmHg, and systolic pressure is 180mmHg, what would pulse pressure be?
90 mmHG (PP = SP-DP)
Which type of capillary has the largest fenestrations and intercellular clefts?
sinusoids
Where is the largest amount of blood volume found in the cardiovascular system at rest?
systemic veins and venules