chapter 15
which of the following agencies is a part of the department of homeland security
U.S. citizenship and immigraton services (formerly the immigration and Naturalization service)
The Supreme Court's original jurisdiction is conferred by
. Article III of the Constitution.
Plea Bargaining is a process by which
. a defendant pleads guilty in exchange for a lighter sentence.
the supreme court has had_____african-american members in history
2
the superme courts original jurisdiction accounts for____% of its caseload
2-5
the supreme court has has ____female members in history
4
the supreme court has a staff of
400
In 1789, there were ________ justices sitting on the Supreme Court.
6
Since 1869, the Supreme Court has consisted of __________ justices.
9
the total number of justice on the supreme court is
9
The first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court was
John Jay
there have been 16 chief justices of the superem court in history, the current chief justice is
John Roberts
The third Chief Justice of the Supreme Court was
Oliver Ellsworth
. The Constitution mandated the existence of
The Supreme Court only
What power does the Supreme Court have over a lower court?
The power to reverse its decisions.
in general a nominee for the supreme court must fit certain criteria including
all the above
which of the following would be a case of original jurisdiction before the U.S supreme court
a lawsuit between the United States and one of the states
a writ of certiorari by the supreme court orders
a lower court to send it the record of a case for review
When a party not directly involved in a court case files a brief supporting one side or the other, it is called a(n) _______ brief.
amicus curiae
The district and appellate court structure of the federal court system was established by
an act of Congress.
Most Supreme Court cases come fall under the rubric of
appellate juridiction
the largets portion of the supreme court caseload comes from
appellate jurisdiction
U.S. attorneys, who are the main administrators of federal law enforcement, are
appointed by the president, with advice and consent of the senate
qualifications for members of the supreme court
are not established in the Constitution.
the outlines of the federal judicial branch are located in
article ll
the supreme court original jurisdiction is conferred by
article lll of the constitution
an important power of the chief justice of the supreme court is his/her power to
assign the written opinion if he/she is in the majority
in the federal court system, courts lower than the supreme court are established by
congress
The Constitution contains all of the following provisions about the Supreme Court EXCEPT:
justices serve ten-year terms.
Statutory law consists of all laws enacted by:
legislature
judicial review is the power of judiciary to review the acts of other branchers of government, was established for the national government in
marbury vs, madison
judical review the power of the judiciary to review the acts of other branchers of government was established for the state governments in
martin vs hunters lessee
Civil cases between citizens of different states
may be heard in federal court if the matter in controversy exceeds $10,000.
The solicitor general is appointed by the
president
the chief justice
presides at the conference
If the chief justice is not in the majority when the case is decided, the responsibility for opinion assignment rests with
the most senior associate justice in the minority
what is a writ of mandamus
A court order directing an official to act
the judiciary was called the "least dangerous branch" by
Alexander Hamilton
Lower federal courts are created by?
Congress
A body of rules and regulations made by administrative agencies in the executive branch in order to carry out the objectives of legislative programs is :
administrative law.
Among the checks on the powers of the Court are
all of the above
the U.S supreme court can hear appeals from
all of the above
which of the following is an example of a civil case
all of the above
a document containing the collected legal argument in a case that is filled with a court prior to trial is called a
brief
john marshall as chief justice, transformed the court into a coequal branch of government throught key decisions such as McCulloch vs. Maryland that
broadly interpeted the nescessary and proper clause
Cases before the Supreme Court are decided:
by majority vote
. The difference between an appellate court and a trial court is that an appellate court
c. reviews previous court decisions.
in the case _____ the supreme court ruled that it had the right to hear suits brought by the citizens of one state against another under article 1, section 2
chisholm vs. Georgia
the main function of the US courts of appeals is to
decide if the original trail was held correctly
In the federal court system, the majority of disputes end in the
district courts.
once the supreme court has decides how it will rule on a case, who writes the court's opinion
either the chief justice of the senior justive in the majority assigns the opinion writing
one of the main differences between the selection of federal and state judges is the
election of many state judges
Judiciary Act of 1789
established the basic structure of the federal court system
Most federal cases originate in
federal district court
When state laws conflict with federal law
federal law takes precedence
The custom of senatorial courtesy
gives a senator of the president's party an influential role in the selection of district court judges when vacancies occur in his or her state.
the term for supreme court justices and federal judges is for
good behavior
before any court can hear a case
it must have jurisdiction- the power to decide the case.
this dissenting opinion is important because
it often forms the basis of the arguments used years later in reversing the majority opinion in a similar case
the common law is also known as
judge-made law
dges who tend to interject their own values into their interpretations of the law are practicing
judicial activism.
the rule of four refers to the
need of four supreme court justices to vote to hear a case on appeal
there are ______federal district courts in the United States
ninety-four
the justice of the supreme court are
nominated by the president and confirmed by the senate
federal judges can be removed
only by impeachment
applellate court proceedings may include
oral argument
The jurisdiction of courts to hear the facts of a case is termed
original
in a civil case, the party who brings a case against a defendant is referred to as the
plaintiff
appellate courts usually
review the legal procedures of a case not the facts.
In court rulings, reliance on past decisions to formulate decisions in new cases is known as which of the following?
stare decisis
Most traditional criminal offenses ( murder, theft, arson,) are defined and tried at the
state level.
the number of seats on the supreme court is determined by
the congress
the jurisdiction of federal courts is controlled by
the constitution and statutes
who decides what cases the supreme court will hear on appeal from the lower courts?
the court decides for itself what cases it will hear
all of the following are limitations on the power of the supreme court except
the court's members are selected by the chief justice
which is not true of the federal judges?
they never rule on cases involving state law.
there are ___U.S. courts of appeals
thirteen
the doctrine of stare decisis means
to stand on decided cases
the federal court system is a three-tiered model consisting of
trail courts, intermediate courts of appeals, and the supreme court.
in supreme court decisions, a concurring opinion is
written by a member of the majority, who disagrees with the reasoning in the decision
