chapter 15

which of the following agencies is a part of the department of homeland security

U.S. citizenship and immigraton services (formerly the immigration and Naturalization service)

The Supreme Court's original jurisdiction is conferred by

. Article III of the Constitution.

Plea Bargaining is a process by which

. a defendant pleads guilty in exchange for a lighter sentence.

the supreme court has had_____african-american members in history

2

the superme courts original jurisdiction accounts for____% of its caseload

2-5

the supreme court has has ____female members in history

4

the supreme court has a staff of

400

In 1789, there were ________ justices sitting on the Supreme Court.

6

Since 1869, the Supreme Court has consisted of __________ justices.

9

the total number of justice on the supreme court is

9

The first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court was

John Jay

there have been 16 chief justices of the superem court in history, the current chief justice is

John Roberts

The third Chief Justice of the Supreme Court was

Oliver Ellsworth

. The Constitution mandated the existence of

The Supreme Court only

What power does the Supreme Court have over a lower court?

The power to reverse its decisions.

in general a nominee for the supreme court must fit certain criteria including

all the above

which of the following would be a case of original jurisdiction before the U.S supreme court

a lawsuit between the United States and one of the states

a writ of certiorari by the supreme court orders

a lower court to send it the record of a case for review

When a party not directly involved in a court case files a brief supporting one side or the other, it is called a(n) _______ brief.

amicus curiae

The district and appellate court structure of the federal court system was established by

an act of Congress.

Most Supreme Court cases come fall under the rubric of

appellate juridiction

the largets portion of the supreme court caseload comes from

appellate jurisdiction

U.S. attorneys, who are the main administrators of federal law enforcement, are

appointed by the president, with advice and consent of the senate

qualifications for members of the supreme court

are not established in the Constitution.

the outlines of the federal judicial branch are located in

article ll

the supreme court original jurisdiction is conferred by

article lll of the constitution

an important power of the chief justice of the supreme court is his/her power to

assign the written opinion if he/she is in the majority

in the federal court system, courts lower than the supreme court are established by

congress

The Constitution contains all of the following provisions about the Supreme Court EXCEPT:

justices serve ten-year terms.

Statutory law consists of all laws enacted by:

legislature

judicial review is the power of judiciary to review the acts of other branchers of government, was established for the national government in

marbury vs, madison

judical review the power of the judiciary to review the acts of other branchers of government was established for the state governments in

martin vs hunters lessee

Civil cases between citizens of different states

may be heard in federal court if the matter in controversy exceeds $10,000.

The solicitor general is appointed by the

president

the chief justice

presides at the conference

If the chief justice is not in the majority when the case is decided, the responsibility for opinion assignment rests with

the most senior associate justice in the minority

what is a writ of mandamus

A court order directing an official to act

the judiciary was called the "least dangerous branch" by

Alexander Hamilton

Lower federal courts are created by?

Congress

A body of rules and regulations made by administrative agencies in the executive branch in order to carry out the objectives of legislative programs is :

administrative law.

Among the checks on the powers of the Court are

all of the above

the U.S supreme court can hear appeals from

all of the above

which of the following is an example of a civil case

all of the above

a document containing the collected legal argument in a case that is filled with a court prior to trial is called a

brief

john marshall as chief justice, transformed the court into a coequal branch of government throught key decisions such as McCulloch vs. Maryland that

broadly interpeted the nescessary and proper clause

Cases before the Supreme Court are decided:

by majority vote

. The difference between an appellate court and a trial court is that an appellate court

c. reviews previous court decisions.

in the case _____ the supreme court ruled that it had the right to hear suits brought by the citizens of one state against another under article 1, section 2

chisholm vs. Georgia

the main function of the US courts of appeals is to

decide if the original trail was held correctly

In the federal court system, the majority of disputes end in the

district courts.

once the supreme court has decides how it will rule on a case, who writes the court's opinion

either the chief justice of the senior justive in the majority assigns the opinion writing

one of the main differences between the selection of federal and state judges is the

election of many state judges

Judiciary Act of 1789

established the basic structure of the federal court system

Most federal cases originate in

federal district court

When state laws conflict with federal law

federal law takes precedence

The custom of senatorial courtesy

gives a senator of the president's party an influential role in the selection of district court judges when vacancies occur in his or her state.

the term for supreme court justices and federal judges is for

good behavior

before any court can hear a case

it must have jurisdiction- the power to decide the case.

this dissenting opinion is important because

it often forms the basis of the arguments used years later in reversing the majority opinion in a similar case

the common law is also known as

judge-made law

dges who tend to interject their own values into their interpretations of the law are practicing

judicial activism.

the rule of four refers to the

need of four supreme court justices to vote to hear a case on appeal

there are ______federal district courts in the United States

ninety-four

the justice of the supreme court are

nominated by the president and confirmed by the senate

federal judges can be removed

only by impeachment

applellate court proceedings may include

oral argument

The jurisdiction of courts to hear the facts of a case is termed

original

in a civil case, the party who brings a case against a defendant is referred to as the

plaintiff

appellate courts usually

review the legal procedures of a case not the facts.

In court rulings, reliance on past decisions to formulate decisions in new cases is known as which of the following?

stare decisis

Most traditional criminal offenses ( murder, theft, arson,) are defined and tried at the

state level.

the number of seats on the supreme court is determined by

the congress

the jurisdiction of federal courts is controlled by

the constitution and statutes

who decides what cases the supreme court will hear on appeal from the lower courts?

the court decides for itself what cases it will hear

all of the following are limitations on the power of the supreme court except

the court's members are selected by the chief justice

which is not true of the federal judges?

they never rule on cases involving state law.

there are ___U.S. courts of appeals

thirteen

the doctrine of stare decisis means

to stand on decided cases

the federal court system is a three-tiered model consisting of

trail courts, intermediate courts of appeals, and the supreme court.

in supreme court decisions, a concurring opinion is

written by a member of the majority, who disagrees with the reasoning in the decision