Chapter 16 - Life of the Cenozoic

Which of the following is one of the dominant mollusks in the Cenozoic fossil record? a. Sponge b. Starfish c. Sand dollar d. Bivalves e. Ammonite

d bivalves

Which group of placental mammals spend most or all their time in the water? a. Insectivores b. Ungulates c. Ruminants d. Cetaceans e. Proboscideans

d. cetaceans

Which of the following is not a phytoplankton? a. Coccolithophores b. Dinoflagellates c. Diatoms d. Foraminifera e. None of the above

d. foraminifera

Which plankton type is used extensively to correlate Cenozoic rocks? a. Coccolithophores b. Dinoflagellates c. Diatoms d. Foraminifera e. None of the above

d. foraminifera

Cenozoic amphibians include frogs. In what time period did frogs achieve their modern appearance? a. Paleogene b. Neogene c. Triassic d. Jurassic e. Permian

d. jurassic

On what basis are rabbits and rodents separated? a. Size of their ears b. Fur/no fur covered tails c. Running motion d. Number of incisors e. None of the above

d. number of incisors

Many reptiles became extinct at the end of the Mesozoic. Which of the following made it into the Cenozoic? a. Turtles b. Lizards c. Snakes d. Tuatara e. All of the above

e. all of the above

Which of the following belong to the Ungulates? a. Whales b. Camels c. Horses d. Elephants e. All of the above

e. all of the above

What feature about grass resulted in mammals modifying their teeth? a. Grass contains siliceous secretions b. Grass grows low to the ground c. Grass is a flowering plant d. Grass is coated with soil articles e. Both a. and d.

e. both a and d

Which of the following marine animals declined in abundance and diversity during the Cenozoic? a. Starfish b. Elephants c. Teleosts d. Gastropods e. Brachiopods

e. brachiopods

Edentate mammals are characterized by ____________________. a. the abundance of teeth b. walk of four legs c. walk on two legs d. the lack of teeth e. having claws

e. having claws

The Cenozoic has a number of large flightless terrestrial birds. These birds are better represented in the fossil record because they have _____________. a. slight thin bones b. more bones c. more soft parts d. less bones e. more robust skeletons

e. more robust skeletons

Modern horses went extinct in ____________but were reintroduce by the Spanish explorers in the 1500's. a. Spain b. Europe c. North America d. South America e. New Zealand

c. North America

Mammals have _____________ teeth. a. five b. only molars c. differential d. very long teeth e. no

c. differential

Mammoths and Mastodons had different teeth. The teeth of mammoths were adapted to _______________. a. eat twigs and branches in the forest b. eat fish c. grazing on grass d. each fruit e. All the above

c. grazing on grass

Horse evolution involved which of the following traits? a. decrease in ear size b. decrease in size c. increase in size d. longer tails e. None of the above

c. increase in size

Grasses and prairies expanded during the __________Epoch. a. Eocene b. Cenozoic c. Miocene d. Pliocene e. Holocene

c. miocene

Bats are the only mammals that have achieved _________________. a. gliding b. eat fruit c. powered flight d. hang upside down e. None of the above

c. powered flight

What is the dominant fish type in the Cenozoic? a. Terebratiulids b. Cartilaginous c. Teleosts d. Pectinoids e. Veneroids

c. teleosts

What is the cause for volcanic islands to sink? a. thermal expansion b. landslides c. thermal contraction d. meteorite impact e. volcanic eruption

c. thermal contraction

What living placental mammal is anatomically similar to the ancestor that gave rise to primates? a. Chimpanzee b. Elephant c. Tree shrew d. Beaver e. Banana slug

c. tree shrew

Carnivorous play an important role in the evolution of their prey by removing less well adapted. This reduces the likelihood that __________. a. desirable traits will be passed on to the next generation b. a species will survive c. undesirable desirable traits will be passed on to the next generation d. carnivores will survive e. None of the above

c. undesirable desirable traits will be passed on to the next generation

How many bones do a vertebrate have in their neck? a. 7 b. 5 c. 6 d. 3 e. 8

a. 7

What is the closest living relative to whales? a. Hippopotami b. Elephants c. Giraffes d. Sharks e. Snakes

a. Elephants

Which of the following belongs to the Proboscideans? a. Mastodons b. Whales c. Camels d. Horses e. Snakes

a. Mastodons

Rodents are distinguished by their _________________. a. gnawing - nibbling specialization b. size c. color d. sound e. All the above

a. gnawing - nibbling

Early mammals are believed to be __________. a. insect eaters b. fish eater c. larger than the dinosaurs d. deaf e. None of the above

a. insect eaters

Venomous snakes appeared during the __________________. a. Miocene Epoch b. Eocene Epoch c. Holocene Epoch d. Pleistocene Epoch e. Oligocene Epoch

a. miocene epoch

Which of the following is a montreme? a. platypus b. octopus c. possum d. raccoon e. mammoth

a. platypus

What is the name of the dominant Cenozoic reef building organism? a. Scleratinids b. Atoll c. Fringing reefs d. Rudistids e. Sea lily

a. scleratinids

From the Florissant Fossil Beds 1,100 different species if insects and spiders have been recovered. What rock type preserved these organisms? a. Volcanic ash b. Lava flow c. Limestone d. Conglomerate e. Novaculite

a. volcanic ash

Large mammals went extinct in North America ____________ years ago. a. 1000 b. 110,000 c. 11,000 d. 2,500 e. 200,000

b. 110,000

What is it called when a reef forms around a volcanic island and only the reef remains at the surface? a. Scleratinids b. Atoll c. Fringing reefs d. Barrier e. Guyot

b. atoll

Some Ice Age beavers were the size of a(n) __________________. a. alligator b. bear c. cougar d. donkey e. elephant

b. bear

The extinct Smilodon belongs to which flesh eater group? a. Dogs b. Cats c. Horses d. Reptiles e. Amphibians

b. cats

Which order of flesh eating mammal went extinct? a. Bear b. Creodonta c. Orca d. Carnivora e. Human

b. creodonta

What bone is used to show the link between birds and theropods? a. Toe b. Furcula c. Tail d. Hip e. Skull

b. furcula

What evolutional modification did herbivorous mammals go through to escape predators on open grasslands? a. Nose became longer b. Limbs and foot bones lengthen c. Tails shortened d. Developed multiple stomachs e. None of the above

b. limbs and foot bones

Which group of mammals lay eggs? a. Marsupials b. Monotremes c. carnivores d. herbivores e. Placental

b. monotremes

Marsupials and placental mammals of North and South America showed convergent evolution. However, marsupials declined after the formation of the _________________. a. Atlantic Ocean b. Panamanian land bridge c. Bering land bridge d. Antarctica e. Pacific Ocean

b. panamanian land bridge