Chapter 16 SB
The retina is the ______ layer of the eye wall. Multiple choice question. external internal middle
Internal
The optic disc contains ______ photoreceptors. Multiple choice question. many no
No
Receptors initiate sensory input to the ______. Multiple choice question. organs central nervous system skin muscles peripheral nervous system
Central nervous system
The outmost layer of the eye is called the ______ tunic. Multiple choice question. pigmented vascular nervous fibrous
Fibrous
The sphincter pupillae is controlled by the ______ division of the nervous system. Multiple choice question. sympathetic parasympathetic
Parasympathetic
Mechanoreceptors located in the skin and mucous membranes are called ______ receptors. Multiple choice question. tactile chemical visceral
Tactile
Hearing and equilibrium are transmitted along which cranial nerve? Multiple choice question. VI VIII X IX VII
VIII
Which layer of the eye contains the blood and lymph vessels? Multiple choice question. vascular tunic retina fibrous tunic
Vascular tunic
Hearing and our sense of balance comes from the stimulation of which cranial nerve? Multiple choice question. trigeminal vestibulocochlear accessory spinal facial abducens vagus
Vestibulocochlear
The posterior cavity contains the ______ humor. Multiple choice question. scleral vitreous
Vitreous
The most visible part of the external ear is called the ______ or ______.
auricle or pinna
Earwax is a combination of dead skin cells and ______.
cerumen
When you go from a bright light environment to a dark environment, you have a slow sensitivity to low light levels. This is called _____ ______
dark adaptation
The term equilibrium refers to our awareness and monitoring of our ______ position.
head
When the photoreceptors stop ______ the bipolar cells, the bipolar cells can then release their neurotransmitter that binds to receptors on the ganglion cells.
inhibiting / blocking
The segment of each photoreceptor that contains organelles for the cell such as mitochondria is the ________ segment.
inner
The segment of the photoreceptors that connects directly to the cell body is the ________ segment.
inner
The fat surrounding the eye is called ________ fat.
orbital
The segment of each photoreceptor that is composed of hundreds of discs containing photopigments that are capable of absorbing light energy is the _______ segment.
outer
The external ear is located mostly on the outside of the body, while the middle and inner ear areas are housed within the ______ part of the temporal bone.
petrous
In phototransduction, the ________ responds to light stimulation by changing its resting membrane potential, resulting in a change in the neurotransmitter it releases.
photoreceptor
The apparent distortion of the spoon in the water glass is due to the phenomenon called _________.
refraction
Select all that apply Sensory receptors in which structures help monitor and adjust our equilibrium? Multiple select question. semicircular ducts auditory tube saccule utricle cochlea
semicircular ducts saccule utricle
Gustation is the sense of ______
taste
Gustation is the sense of ________
taste
A feature common to all receptors is ______. Multiple choice question. they are always unicellular they are found in specialized sense organs they are found on tips of axons the ability to respond to a stimulus
the ability to respond to a stimulus
In the eye, the ________ humor is gelatinous.
vitreous
Order these structures from superficial to deep. Start with the outermost structure first. -choroid -the neural layer of the retina -the pigmented layer of the retina -sclera
-sclera -choroid -the pigmented layer of the retina -the neural layer of the retina
Place the structures of the vascular tunic in order from anterior to posterior. -choroid -iris -Ciliary body
1- Iris 2- ciliary body 3- choroid
The tympanic cavity is filled with ______. Multiple choice question. vitreous humor aqueous humor perilymph endolymph air
Air
What type of fluid is found in the anterior cavity of the eyeball? Multiple choice question. blood aqueous humor vitreous humor
Aqueous humor
What is the largest structure of the vascular tunic? Multiple choice question. choroid ciliary body iris
Choroid
What structure is filled with pigment from melanocytes? Multiple choice question. choroid sclera pupil cornea
Choroid
Which structure of the eye absorbs light to prevent it from scattering within the eye? Multiple choice question. lens choroid ciliary body
Choroid
The auditory tube is normally ______. Multiple choice question. open closed
Closed
What type of photoreceptors detects color? Multiple choice question. cones rods
Cones
The limbus is the junction between the sclera and the ______. Multiple choice question. retina choroid cornea iris
Cornea
The optic disc is associated with ______. Multiple choice question. cranial nerve III cranial nerve IV cranial nerve II cranial nerve I
Cranial nerve II
Light rays are refracted or bent when they pass through two media of different ______. Multiple choice question. solubilities densities molarities colors
Densities
Exteroceptors detect stimuli from the ______ environment. Multiple choice question. external internal body
External
Exteroceptors detect stimuli from the ______ environment. Multiple choice question. internal body external
External
Cutaneous receptors are a type of ______. Multiple choice question. interoceptors exteroceptors proprioceptors
Exteroceptors
The vestibulocochlear nerve transmits ______ information. Multiple choice question. smell and taste hearing and equilibrium taste and hearing
Hearing and equilibrium
What structure is the dividing line between the anterior and posterior chambers? Multiple choice question. retina iris cornea
Iris
Optic tracts ultimately are directed to the primary visual cortex in the ______ lobe. Multiple choice question. parietal temporal frontal occipital
Occipital
We use the sense of ________to sample our environment for information about the food we will eat, the presence of other individuals in the room, or potential danger.
Olfaction / smell
A lack of photoreceptors in this structure creates the "blind spot"? Multiple choice question. macula lutea fovea centralis optic disc
Optic disc
Olfactory receptors ______. Multiple choice question. maintain coordination and balance perceive sounds perceive tastes perceive odors
Perceive odors
Olfactory receptors ______. Multiple choice question. perceive tastes maintain coordination and balance perceive sounds perceive odors
Perceive odors
The process by which photoreceptors become activated when the photopigments are altered by light entering the eye is ______. Multiple choice question. photo bleaching wave summation light refraction phototransduction
Phototransduction
Aqueous humor is secreted into the ______chamber before traveling to the _________ chamber of the eye.
Posterior / anterior
The iris controls the size of the ______. Multiple choice question. eyeball pupil lens
Pupil
Some individuals experience pain in their left shoulder during a heart attack. This is an example of ______. Multiple choice question. phantom pain referred pain
Referred pain
______ occurs when impulses from an organ are perceived as originating from the skin. Multiple choice question. Referred pain Phantom pain
Referred pain
What structure is the "white" of the eye? Multiple choice question. conjunctiva sclera choroid cornea iris
Sclera
Taste buds are found on the tongue and ______. Multiple choice question. nasal epithelium inner cheeks soft palate
Soft palate
The middle and inner ear are in which bone? Multiple choice question. occipital bone temporal bone ethmoid bone sphenoid bone
Temporal bone
The cornea is ______. Multiple choice question. opaque transparent
Transparent
The auricle directs sound waves into the bony tube called the _____ _____ meatus.
external auditory
Select all that apply Optic tracts extend to which structures after they leave the optic chiasm? Multiple select question. inferior colliculi the medial geniculate nucleus of the hypothalamus the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus superior colliculi
the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus superior colliculi
As we adjust to low light, our ______ becomes nonfunctional and it may take ______ for rhodopsin to become regenerated sufficiently so that you can see well in low-light conditions. Multiple choice question. rods; 20-30 minutes cones; 1 hour rods; 1 hour cones; 20-30 minutes
Cones; 20-30 minutes
The sphincter pupillae ______ the pupil. Multiple choice question. constricts dilates
Constricts
The tympanic membrane is more commonly called the ______. Multiple choice question. pinna eustachian tube throat ear drum
Ear drum
The process by which your eyes adjust from low light to bright light conditions is ______. Multiple choice question. light adaptation presbyopia astigmatism dark adaptation
Light adaptation
Optic tracts ultimately are directed to the primary visual cortex in the ______ lobe. Multiple choice question. occipital temporal parietal frontal
Occipital
A lack of photoreceptors in this structure creates the "blind spot"? Multiple choice question. macula lutea optic disc fovea centralis
Optic disc
If stimulated over a period of time, ________receptors lose eventually sensitivity.
Phasic
What type of receptor can undergo adaptation? Multiple choice question. phasic tonic
Phasic
The area that a receptor cell gathers information from is called the ______. Multiple choice question. phasic receptor tonic receptor receptive field stimulus
Receptive field
Select all that apply Which are a part of the fibrous tunic? Multiple select question. iris cornea sclera
Sclera Cornea
Receptors for general senses are usually ______. Multiple choice question. complex in structure simple in structure found in specialized sensory organs
Simple in structure
Receptors for general senses are distributed throughout the ______ and viscera. Multiple choice question. ears eyes skin bones
Skin
Localization and sensitivity are easily determined in a ______ receptive field. Multiple choice question. small large
Small
Olfaction is the sense of ______. Multiple choice question. vision taste balance smell
Smell
Select all that apply Which are true of rods? Multiple select question. They discriminate between colors. They function well in dim light. There are more than 100 million rod cells per eye. They are concentrated at the visual axis of the eye, near the center of the retina. They provide a crisp, focused vision.
They function well in dim light. There are more than 100 million rod cells per eye.
Gustatory cells are ______. Multiple choice question. mechanoreceptors photoreceptors chemoreceptors
Chemoreceptors
Which is an accessory structure of the eye? Multiple choice question. iris eyebrow lens pupil
Eyebrow
The auricle has ______ cartilage that supports its structure.
elastic
What substance, produced in the external ear, impedes microorganism growth? Multiple choice question. cerumen apocrine mucous sebum
Cerumen
The external acoustic meatus extends from the auricle to the ______. Multiple choice question. cochlea vestibule tympanic membrane pinna
Tympanic membrane
The vascular tunic of the eye is also called the ______. Multiple choice question. uvea retina iris cornea
Uvea
Receptors of the human body convert stimulus energy into ______. Multiple choice question. mechanical energy chemicals an electrical signal
An electrical signal
Which cavity of the eyeball is divided into an anterior and posterior chamber? Multiple choice question. posterior cavity anterior cavity
Anterior cavity
Select all that apply Which are the characteristics of the cornea? Multiple select question. avascular opaque vascular transparent
avascular transparent
Select all that apply Which are the correct names for the tube that connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx? Multiple select question. auditory tube external auditory canal pharyngotympanic tube Eustachian tube
auditory tube pharyngotympanic tube Eustachian tube
Each type of photoreceptor has both an outer segment that extends into the ______ layer of the retina and an inner segment.
pigmented
Tactile receptors are a type of ______. Multiple choice question. chemoreceptor nociceptor thermoreceptor mechanoreceptor
Mechanoreceptor
The black hole in the eye is called the ______ and it is surrounded by the colorful ______ .
Pupil / iris
Most of the eye is ______ the orbit of the skull. Multiple choice question. exterior to receded into
Receded into
When the ______ membrane moves, the ______ on the spiral organ hair cells distort because they are anchored by the tectorial membrane.
basilar, stereocilia
Select all that apply Which events occur during bright light adaptation? Multiple select question. cones become inactive cones gradually adjust pupils dilate rods become inactive pupils constrict
cones gradually adjust rods become inactive pupils constrict
When the bipolar cells release their neurotransmitter, the ______ cells propagate a nerve signal along the _______ nerve.
ganglion, optic
Select all that apply The sclera ______. Multiple select question. allows light to enter the eye is made of loose connective tissue provides for eye shape is made of dense connective tissue
provides for eye shape is made of dense connective tissue
The external acoustic meatus terminates at the _________ membrane, which is most commonly called the eardrum.
tympanic
The auditory sensory axons of the ______ branch of cranial nerve number _______ terminate in the cochlear nucleus within the brainstem.
cochlear; VIII
Where are photoreceptors located? Multiple choice question. in the neural layer of the choroid in the neural layer of the retina in the pigmented layer of the iris in the pigmented layer of the choroid
in the neural layer of the retina