Chapter 16 SB

The retina is the ______ layer of the eye wall. Multiple choice question. external internal middle

Internal

The optic disc contains ______ photoreceptors. Multiple choice question. many no

No

Receptors initiate sensory input to the ______. Multiple choice question. organs central nervous system skin muscles peripheral nervous system

Central nervous system

The outmost layer of the eye is called the ______ tunic. Multiple choice question. pigmented vascular nervous fibrous

Fibrous

The sphincter pupillae is controlled by the ______ division of the nervous system. Multiple choice question. sympathetic parasympathetic

Parasympathetic

Mechanoreceptors located in the skin and mucous membranes are called ______ receptors. Multiple choice question. tactile chemical visceral

Tactile

Hearing and equilibrium are transmitted along which cranial nerve? Multiple choice question. VI VIII X IX VII

VIII

Which layer of the eye contains the blood and lymph vessels? Multiple choice question. vascular tunic retina fibrous tunic

Vascular tunic

Hearing and our sense of balance comes from the stimulation of which cranial nerve? Multiple choice question. trigeminal vestibulocochlear accessory spinal facial abducens vagus

Vestibulocochlear

The posterior cavity contains the ______ humor. Multiple choice question. scleral vitreous

Vitreous

The most visible part of the external ear is called the ______ or ______.

auricle or pinna

Earwax is a combination of dead skin cells and ______.

cerumen

When you go from a bright light environment to a dark environment, you have a slow sensitivity to low light levels. This is called _____ ______

dark adaptation

The term equilibrium refers to our awareness and monitoring of our ______ position.

head

When the photoreceptors stop ______ the bipolar cells, the bipolar cells can then release their neurotransmitter that binds to receptors on the ganglion cells.

inhibiting / blocking

The segment of each photoreceptor that contains organelles for the cell such as mitochondria is the ________ segment.

inner

The segment of the photoreceptors that connects directly to the cell body is the ________ segment.

inner

The fat surrounding the eye is called ________ fat.

orbital

The segment of each photoreceptor that is composed of hundreds of discs containing photopigments that are capable of absorbing light energy is the _______ segment.

outer

The external ear is located mostly on the outside of the body, while the middle and inner ear areas are housed within the ______ part of the temporal bone.

petrous

In phototransduction, the ________ responds to light stimulation by changing its resting membrane potential, resulting in a change in the neurotransmitter it releases.

photoreceptor

The apparent distortion of the spoon in the water glass is due to the phenomenon called _________.

refraction

Select all that apply Sensory receptors in which structures help monitor and adjust our equilibrium? Multiple select question. semicircular ducts auditory tube saccule utricle cochlea

semicircular ducts saccule utricle

Gustation is the sense of ______

taste

Gustation is the sense of ________

taste

A feature common to all receptors is ______. Multiple choice question. they are always unicellular they are found in specialized sense organs they are found on tips of axons the ability to respond to a stimulus

the ability to respond to a stimulus

In the eye, the ________ humor is gelatinous.

vitreous

Order these structures from superficial to deep. Start with the outermost structure first. -choroid -the neural layer of the retina -the pigmented layer of the retina -sclera

-sclera -choroid -the pigmented layer of the retina -the neural layer of the retina

Place the structures of the vascular tunic in order from anterior to posterior. -choroid -iris -Ciliary body

1- Iris 2- ciliary body 3- choroid

The tympanic cavity is filled with ______. Multiple choice question. vitreous humor aqueous humor perilymph endolymph air

Air

What type of fluid is found in the anterior cavity of the eyeball? Multiple choice question. blood aqueous humor vitreous humor

Aqueous humor

What is the largest structure of the vascular tunic? Multiple choice question. choroid ciliary body iris

Choroid

What structure is filled with pigment from melanocytes? Multiple choice question. choroid sclera pupil cornea

Choroid

Which structure of the eye absorbs light to prevent it from scattering within the eye? Multiple choice question. lens choroid ciliary body

Choroid

The auditory tube is normally ______. Multiple choice question. open closed

Closed

What type of photoreceptors detects color? Multiple choice question. cones rods

Cones

The limbus is the junction between the sclera and the ______. Multiple choice question. retina choroid cornea iris

Cornea

The optic disc is associated with ______. Multiple choice question. cranial nerve III cranial nerve IV cranial nerve II cranial nerve I

Cranial nerve II

Light rays are refracted or bent when they pass through two media of different ______. Multiple choice question. solubilities densities molarities colors

Densities

Exteroceptors detect stimuli from the ______ environment. Multiple choice question. external internal body

External

Exteroceptors detect stimuli from the ______ environment. Multiple choice question. internal body external

External

Cutaneous receptors are a type of ______. Multiple choice question. interoceptors exteroceptors proprioceptors

Exteroceptors

The vestibulocochlear nerve transmits ______ information. Multiple choice question. smell and taste hearing and equilibrium taste and hearing

Hearing and equilibrium

What structure is the dividing line between the anterior and posterior chambers? Multiple choice question. retina iris cornea

Iris

Optic tracts ultimately are directed to the primary visual cortex in the ______ lobe. Multiple choice question. parietal temporal frontal occipital

Occipital

We use the sense of ________to sample our environment for information about the food we will eat, the presence of other individuals in the room, or potential danger.

Olfaction / smell

A lack of photoreceptors in this structure creates the "blind spot"? Multiple choice question. macula lutea fovea centralis optic disc

Optic disc

Olfactory receptors ______. Multiple choice question. maintain coordination and balance perceive sounds perceive tastes perceive odors

Perceive odors

Olfactory receptors ______. Multiple choice question. perceive tastes maintain coordination and balance perceive sounds perceive odors

Perceive odors

The process by which photoreceptors become activated when the photopigments are altered by light entering the eye is ______. Multiple choice question. photo bleaching wave summation light refraction phototransduction

Phototransduction

Aqueous humor is secreted into the ______chamber before traveling to the _________ chamber of the eye.

Posterior / anterior

The iris controls the size of the ______. Multiple choice question. eyeball pupil lens

Pupil

Some individuals experience pain in their left shoulder during a heart attack. This is an example of ______. Multiple choice question. phantom pain referred pain

Referred pain

______ occurs when impulses from an organ are perceived as originating from the skin. Multiple choice question. Referred pain Phantom pain

Referred pain

What structure is the "white" of the eye? Multiple choice question. conjunctiva sclera choroid cornea iris

Sclera

Taste buds are found on the tongue and ______. Multiple choice question. nasal epithelium inner cheeks soft palate

Soft palate

The middle and inner ear are in which bone? Multiple choice question. occipital bone temporal bone ethmoid bone sphenoid bone

Temporal bone

The cornea is ______. Multiple choice question. opaque transparent

Transparent

The auricle directs sound waves into the bony tube called the _____ _____ meatus.

external auditory

Select all that apply Optic tracts extend to which structures after they leave the optic chiasm? Multiple select question. inferior colliculi the medial geniculate nucleus of the hypothalamus the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus superior colliculi

the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus superior colliculi

As we adjust to low light, our ______ becomes nonfunctional and it may take ______ for rhodopsin to become regenerated sufficiently so that you can see well in low-light conditions. Multiple choice question. rods; 20-30 minutes cones; 1 hour rods; 1 hour cones; 20-30 minutes

Cones; 20-30 minutes

The sphincter pupillae ______ the pupil. Multiple choice question. constricts dilates

Constricts

The tympanic membrane is more commonly called the ______. Multiple choice question. pinna eustachian tube throat ear drum

Ear drum

The process by which your eyes adjust from low light to bright light conditions is ______. Multiple choice question. light adaptation presbyopia astigmatism dark adaptation

Light adaptation

Optic tracts ultimately are directed to the primary visual cortex in the ______ lobe. Multiple choice question. occipital temporal parietal frontal

Occipital

A lack of photoreceptors in this structure creates the "blind spot"? Multiple choice question. macula lutea optic disc fovea centralis

Optic disc

If stimulated over a period of time, ________receptors lose eventually sensitivity.

Phasic

What type of receptor can undergo adaptation? Multiple choice question. phasic tonic

Phasic

The area that a receptor cell gathers information from is called the ______. Multiple choice question. phasic receptor tonic receptor receptive field stimulus

Receptive field

Select all that apply Which are a part of the fibrous tunic? Multiple select question. iris cornea sclera

Sclera Cornea

Receptors for general senses are usually ______. Multiple choice question. complex in structure simple in structure found in specialized sensory organs

Simple in structure

Receptors for general senses are distributed throughout the ______ and viscera. Multiple choice question. ears eyes skin bones

Skin

Localization and sensitivity are easily determined in a ______ receptive field. Multiple choice question. small large

Small

Olfaction is the sense of ______. Multiple choice question. vision taste balance smell

Smell

Select all that apply Which are true of rods? Multiple select question. They discriminate between colors. They function well in dim light. There are more than 100 million rod cells per eye. They are concentrated at the visual axis of the eye, near the center of the retina. They provide a crisp, focused vision.

They function well in dim light. There are more than 100 million rod cells per eye.

Gustatory cells are ______. Multiple choice question. mechanoreceptors photoreceptors chemoreceptors

Chemoreceptors

Which is an accessory structure of the eye? Multiple choice question. iris eyebrow lens pupil

Eyebrow

The auricle has ______ cartilage that supports its structure.

elastic

What substance, produced in the external ear, impedes microorganism growth? Multiple choice question. cerumen apocrine mucous sebum

Cerumen

The external acoustic meatus extends from the auricle to the ______. Multiple choice question. cochlea vestibule tympanic membrane pinna

Tympanic membrane

The vascular tunic of the eye is also called the ______. Multiple choice question. uvea retina iris cornea

Uvea

Receptors of the human body convert stimulus energy into ______. Multiple choice question. mechanical energy chemicals an electrical signal

An electrical signal

Which cavity of the eyeball is divided into an anterior and posterior chamber? Multiple choice question. posterior cavity anterior cavity

Anterior cavity

Select all that apply Which are the characteristics of the cornea? Multiple select question. avascular opaque vascular transparent

avascular transparent

Select all that apply Which are the correct names for the tube that connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx? Multiple select question. auditory tube external auditory canal pharyngotympanic tube Eustachian tube

auditory tube pharyngotympanic tube Eustachian tube

Each type of photoreceptor has both an outer segment that extends into the ______ layer of the retina and an inner segment.

pigmented

Tactile receptors are a type of ______. Multiple choice question. chemoreceptor nociceptor thermoreceptor mechanoreceptor

Mechanoreceptor

The black hole in the eye is called the ______ and it is surrounded by the colorful ______ .

Pupil / iris

Most of the eye is ______ the orbit of the skull. Multiple choice question. exterior to receded into

Receded into

When the ______ membrane moves, the ______ on the spiral organ hair cells distort because they are anchored by the tectorial membrane.

basilar, stereocilia

Select all that apply Which events occur during bright light adaptation? Multiple select question. cones become inactive cones gradually adjust pupils dilate rods become inactive pupils constrict

cones gradually adjust rods become inactive pupils constrict

When the bipolar cells release their neurotransmitter, the ______ cells propagate a nerve signal along the _______ nerve.

ganglion, optic

Select all that apply The sclera ______. Multiple select question. allows light to enter the eye is made of loose connective tissue provides for eye shape is made of dense connective tissue

provides for eye shape is made of dense connective tissue

The external acoustic meatus terminates at the _________ membrane, which is most commonly called the eardrum.

tympanic

The auditory sensory axons of the ______ branch of cranial nerve number _______ terminate in the cochlear nucleus within the brainstem.

cochlear; VIII

Where are photoreceptors located? Multiple choice question. in the neural layer of the choroid in the neural layer of the retina in the pigmented layer of the iris in the pigmented layer of the choroid

in the neural layer of the retina