Chapter 16 Socioemotional Development in Late Adulthood

______ theory states that the more participatory and involved older adults are, the more likely they are to be satisfied with their lives.

Activity

According to Laura Carstensen, an expert in aging, what do older adults prefer?

Close friends over new friends

What does the activity theory state?

The more active and involved older adults are, the more likely they are to be satisfied with their lives.

Prejudice against others because of their age, especially prejudice against older adults, is called ___.

ageism

As they grow older, people tend to choose ______ friends over ______ friends.

close; new

In selective optimization with compensation theory, ___ becomes relevant when life tasks require more capacity than an older adult currently exhibits.

compensation

Resolving regrets in older adults has been related to ______.

greater life satisfaction

Researchers have found that older adults with children ______.

have more contact with their families

Judy reminisces about when her children were young. She reveals to her daughter that she often felt tired and discouraged during those times. Seeing her children as parents helps Judy to realize that she was and is a good mother. This is an aspect of Judy's ______.

life review

According to the selective optimization with compensation theory, ______ suggests that it is possible to maintain performance in some areas through continued practice and the use of new technologies.

optimization

Which pattern of aging characterizes people who show more decline than average?

pathological

The state of the economy, the provision of health care, and generational inequity are examples of ______ issues in an aging society.

policy

High levels of conscientiousness in older adults are linked to ______.

reduced mortality rates

In selective optimization with compensation theory, ______ refers to older adults having a reduced capacity and loss of functioning, which require a reduction in performance in most life domains.

selection

According to research, adult daughters are ______ adult sons to give parents assistance with daily living activities.

three times more likely than

Which of the following are policy issues affecting the United States as the population ages?

-Access to health care -The status of the economy -Generational inequity

Which of the following statements are TRUE regarding divorce in later adulthood?

-Divorce tends to increase the risk of financial problems, especially for women. -Most adult children support their parents' decision to remarry. -Divorce is more common among younger adults than older adults.

Which of the following are ways older adults are often perceived?

-Incapable of learning new things -Incapable of enjoying sex -Incapable of thinking clearly

Which of the following populations are at particular risk for poverty in late adulthood?

-Latinos -African Americans

Which of the following statements best describe the findings of research into the role of friendship in the lives of older adults?

-The death of a spouse may be a catalyst for finding new friends. -Older individuals with close ties to friends had increased longevity.

Which of the following factors are likely to predict whether a culture accords a position of high status to older adults?

-The extended family is a common family arrangement in the culture. -Older persons control key family resources. -Older persons are permitted to engage in useful functions as long as possible.

Which of the following factors are likely to predict whether a culture accords a position of high status to older adults? (same question as another but different answers)

-There is role continuity throughout the lifespan. -Older persons have valuable knowledge. -Older adults are integrated into extended families.

In which of the following ways are older adults discriminated against?

-They're shunned socially. -They're eased out of old jobs. -They're not hired for new jobs

According to selective optimization with compensation theory, when do older adults need to compensate later in life?

-When performing tasks that require quick reactions -In circumstances with high physical demands -In circumstances with high mental demands

Which of the following personality traits are linked to longer life?

-conscientiousness -extraversion

Which of the following are reasons why African American and Latino adults are at particular risk in late adulthood?

-poverty -racism -lower educational attainment

Which of these are benefits of volunteering in late adulthood?

-social integration -increasing life expectancy -providing a sense of meaningfulness

People in which of the following age groups said they personally invested more time in work, friends, family, and independence, in that order?

25 to 34 years of age

Match the following personal life investments at each developmental stage.

25 to 34 years of age: -Work and friendship are more important than family. 35 to 65 years of age: -Family becomes more important than friends. 70 to 84 years of age: - Very little change occurs in personal investments. 85 to 105 years of age: -Health becomes most important.

What is it called when older adults are discriminated against because of their age?

Ageism

Which behaviors have been linked to health benefits for older adults?

Helping others

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding divorce in later adulthood?

It can weaken kinship ties, especially in the case of older men.

In selective optimization with compensation theory, to which concept does the term selection refer?

Older adults have a reduced capacity and loss of functioning, which require a reduction in performance in most life domains.

When referring to the selective optimization with compensation theory, ___ suggests that it is possible to maintain performance in some areas through continued practice and the use of new technologies.

Optimization

Which theory explains why older adults spend more time with close friends and family members?

Socioemotional selectivity theory

Which theory states that older adults narrow their social networks?

Socioemotional selectivity theory

In the social ___ model of social relations, individuals go through life embedded in a personal network of individuals to whom they give and from whom they receive social support.

convoy

Because they place a high value on ______, older adults spend more time with familiar individuals with whom they have had rewarding relationships.

emotional satisfaction

Selective narrowing of ___ interactions maximizes positive emotional experiences and minimizes emotional risks as individuals become older.

social

The convoy model of social relations is best described as a personal network of individuals to whom one gives and from whom one receives ______ support.

social

The ___ pattern of aging characterizes people who maintain their skills and health longer than average.

successful