Chapter 16 Therapy and Treatment

psychotherapy

(also, psychodynamic psychotherapy) psychological treatment that employs various methods to help someone overcome personal problems, or to attain personal growth

Antipsychotics

Schizophrenia and other types of severe thought disorders -Treat positive psychotic symptoms such as auditory and visual hallucinations, delusions, and paranoia by blocking the neurotransmitter dopamine -Haldol, Mellaril, Prolixin, Thorazine

Who developed psychoanalysis?

Sigmund Freud

rational emotive therapy (RET)

form of cognitive-behavioral therapy

systematic desensitization

form of exposure therapy used to treat phobias and anxiety disorders by exposing a person to the feared object or situation through a stimulus hierarchy

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

form of psychotherapy that aims to change cognitive distortions and self-defeating behaviors -Patient learns to identify self-defeating behaviors to overcome an eating disorder

psychoanalysis

therapeutic orientation developed by Sigmund Freud that employs free association, dream analysis, and transference to uncover repressed feelings

Anti-depressants

-Depression and increasingly for anxiety -Alter levels of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and norepinephrine -Paxil, Prozac, Zoloft

Cultural competence is a therapist's understanding of, and attention to, ________.

-race, culture, and ethnicity in providing treatment

Stimulants

ADHD -Improve ability to focus on a task and maintain attention -Adderall, Ritalin

Anti-anxiety agents

Anxiety and agitation that occur in OCD, PTSD, panic disorder, and social phobia -Depress central nervous system activity -Xanax, Valium, Ativan

Electroconvulsive therapy is effective in alleviating symptoms for people with ________.

severe depression who have not responded to traditional drug therapy

counterconditioning

classical conditioning therapeutic technique in which a client learns a new response to a stimulus that has previously elicited an undesirable behavior

Mood Stabilizers

Bipolar disorder -Treat episodes of mania as well as depression -Lithium, Depakote, Lamictal, Tegretol

Who led the reform efforts for mental health care in the United States?

Dorothea Dix

overgeneralization

Jarl makes several minor mistakes during his conversational French class. Instead of thinking, "everyone makes mistakes sometimes," he thinks, "I am so stupid." What kind of cognitive distortion is this?

Play therapy

Patient (child) acts out family scenes with dolls

Cognitive therapy

Patient learns not to overgeneralize failure based on single failure

Humanistic therapy

Patient learns to articulate thoughts that keep her from achieving her goals

Behavior therapy

Patient learns to overcome fear of elevators through several stages of relaxation techniques

Psychodynamic psychotherapy

Patient talks about his past

Atypical Antipsychotics

Schizophrenia and other types of severe thought disorders -Treat the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, such as withdrawal and apathy, by targeting both dopamine and serotonin receptors; newer medications may treat both positive and negative symptoms -Abilify, Risperdal, Clozaril