Chapter 16 Therapy and Treatment
psychotherapy
(also, psychodynamic psychotherapy) psychological treatment that employs various methods to help someone overcome personal problems, or to attain personal growth
Antipsychotics
Schizophrenia and other types of severe thought disorders -Treat positive psychotic symptoms such as auditory and visual hallucinations, delusions, and paranoia by blocking the neurotransmitter dopamine -Haldol, Mellaril, Prolixin, Thorazine
Who developed psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud
rational emotive therapy (RET)
form of cognitive-behavioral therapy
systematic desensitization
form of exposure therapy used to treat phobias and anxiety disorders by exposing a person to the feared object or situation through a stimulus hierarchy
Cognitive-behavioral therapy
form of psychotherapy that aims to change cognitive distortions and self-defeating behaviors -Patient learns to identify self-defeating behaviors to overcome an eating disorder
psychoanalysis
therapeutic orientation developed by Sigmund Freud that employs free association, dream analysis, and transference to uncover repressed feelings
Anti-depressants
-Depression and increasingly for anxiety -Alter levels of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and norepinephrine -Paxil, Prozac, Zoloft
Cultural competence is a therapist's understanding of, and attention to, ________.
-race, culture, and ethnicity in providing treatment
Stimulants
ADHD -Improve ability to focus on a task and maintain attention -Adderall, Ritalin
Anti-anxiety agents
Anxiety and agitation that occur in OCD, PTSD, panic disorder, and social phobia -Depress central nervous system activity -Xanax, Valium, Ativan
Electroconvulsive therapy is effective in alleviating symptoms for people with ________.
severe depression who have not responded to traditional drug therapy
counterconditioning
classical conditioning therapeutic technique in which a client learns a new response to a stimulus that has previously elicited an undesirable behavior
Mood Stabilizers
Bipolar disorder -Treat episodes of mania as well as depression -Lithium, Depakote, Lamictal, Tegretol
Who led the reform efforts for mental health care in the United States?
Dorothea Dix
overgeneralization
Jarl makes several minor mistakes during his conversational French class. Instead of thinking, "everyone makes mistakes sometimes," he thinks, "I am so stupid." What kind of cognitive distortion is this?
Play therapy
Patient (child) acts out family scenes with dolls
Cognitive therapy
Patient learns not to overgeneralize failure based on single failure
Humanistic therapy
Patient learns to articulate thoughts that keep her from achieving her goals
Behavior therapy
Patient learns to overcome fear of elevators through several stages of relaxation techniques
Psychodynamic psychotherapy
Patient talks about his past
Atypical Antipsychotics
Schizophrenia and other types of severe thought disorders -Treat the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, such as withdrawal and apathy, by targeting both dopamine and serotonin receptors; newer medications may treat both positive and negative symptoms -Abilify, Risperdal, Clozaril
