Chapter 17

Acute brief stressors usually

improve immune function.

Which of the following is NOT one of Ekman and Friesen's primary emotional expressions?

lust

The true expressions of an emotional state that momentarily break through false expressions masked on the face are called

microexpressions.

According to the Cannon-Bard theory, the feeling of emotion by the cortex and the expression of emotion by the autonomic and somatic nervous systems are

parallel processes.

Gulls signal aggression by pointing their beaks at one another and submission by

pointing their beaks away from one another.

The adult neurogenesis of hippocampal cells is reduced by

stress.

The physiological response to harm or threat is generally referred to as

the stress response.

A major difference in the physiological reaction to physical versus psychological stressors is that

there is no difference.

The specific areas of the cortex that are involved in emotion seem to

vary substantially from emotion to emotion and person to person.

Correlations between aggressive behavior and testosterone levels do not necessarily mean that high testosterone levels cause aggressive behavior because

aggressive encounters often cause increases in testosterone levels.

Bilateral lesions to either the medial geniculate nucleus or the __________ block auditory fear conditioning.

amygdala

The idea that opposite messages are often signaled by opposite movements and postures is called the principle of

antithesis.

The polygraph does not detect lies; rather, it detects

arousal.

An important advance in the study of the physiology of stress came with the discovery in the 1990s that stress triggers the release of __________, which play a role in inflammation and fever.

cytokines

Stress that improves health has been termed

eustress

According to the James-Lange theory, the

experience of emotion is produced by the brain's perception of the body's reactions to emotional stimuli.

Charles Darwin argued that

expressions of emotion evolve from behaviors that indicate what an animal is likely to do next.

The belief that putting on a happy face makes one feel happier is an example of the

facial feedback hypothesis.

The theory that facial expressions can influence emotional experience is called the

facial feedback hypothesis.

Because even innocent people undergoing a lie-detector test are likely to be aroused by questions about their guilt or innocence, the

guilty-knowledge technique should be employed when possible.

In order to employ the guilty-knowledge technique, the polygrapher needs to

have a piece of information about the crime that is known by the guilty party but not by any of the other suspects.

Lesions to which structure specifically block the conditioning of fear to a context?

hippocampus