Chapter 17 Apush

Henry Clay

"uncrowned king of the Whigs" and ablest spokesman in senate

Webster-ashburton treaty (1842)

Britain and us saying that Britain should apologize for the Caroline incident and promise not to interfere with the american slave trade; they also officially settled the border of maine

Caroline incident (1837)

Caroline was a boat that was carrying supplies to the insurgents in Niagara falls and was attacked on the new York shore by a British force and caroling fell down Niagara falls

Father Junipero Serra

Franciscan friar who established 21 missions along the coast of California.

Bear Flag Republic

Freemont, american naval officers, and local americans hoisted this banner when they won Fort at Santa Fe

Gen. Santa Anna

Mexican dictator general fighting against Polk and rallied his men to defend their "soil"

Wilmont Proviso

Mexico had no slavery before the US took over therefore it should maintain illegal ; failed to pass senate and the southerners were outraged

John Slidell Mission (1845)

Polk sent him to Mexico City and offered a minimum of 25 million for california and the territory to the east

Texas Borderline dispute

Polk wanted the borderline to be at the southerly Rio Grande instead of the Neuces River

54-40 pledge

Russia said they would not go past this 54-40 line and gave up claims to Oregon

Vera Cruz/Mexico City (1847)

Scott explored Vera Cruz all the way to Mexico city

Battle of Buena Vista (1847)

Taylors force of 5,000 men was attacked by Santa Anna's army of 20,000 men and Taylor won and was here known as the "hero of buena vista"

Texas Republic

Texas started making treaties with france, holland, and belgium in order to get under Mexico's rule, the US started to get scared because of foreign involvement and decided they wanted to take texas for themselves and started a war with mexico

Admission of Texas (1845)

Tyler asked for texas to become a state and got passed because a majority of both houses in congress accepted and it was formally invited to become a state. Mexico angrily charged at americans

Daniel Webster

also part of Whigs, secretary of state

"Manifest Destiny"

belief that white Americans were meant to control all of the western hemisphere from the Atlantic to the pacific

James K Polk (1844)

believed in the manifest destiny and was running for presidentq

Nicholas P. Trust

chief clerk of the state department who was sent with scott's invading army, arranged for an armistice(agreement to stop fighting) with Santa Anna at a cost of 10,000

Gen. Winfield Scott

command of the inland city of Vera Cruz nicknamed the "Old Fuss and Feathers" because of his unform and strict discipline succeeded in battling up to Mexico City by September 1847 one of the most brilliant campaigns in american military annals

"Californios"

descendants of Spanish and Mexican conquerors who once ruled california

Oregon Country

enormous wilderness went west to the rockies to the pacific ocean and north of california to the 54-40 line, all claimed by the four nations: spain, russia, britain, and US

Captain John C Freemont

explorer who had to be at the Kearny fight with a couple dozen well armed men and helped overthrow Mexican rule while collaborating with American naval officers

Oregon Trail (1840s)

hundreds of restless pioneers walked through this two thousand mile trail

Gen Stephen W. Kearny

led a detachment of 1700 troops over the Santa Fe trail and captured Fort Leavenworth to Santa Fe

William Henry Harrison (1841)

part of the Whig party and was president but died after 4 weeks after the inauguration

Gen, Zachary Taylor

polk ordered him and 4 thousand other men to march near Mexican forces and lured mexican forces to shoot first, starting the war between Mexican and America

1844 election

presidential election that Polk and Burney both ran for but Polk won from the democratic party

Nueces River (1846)

river that Mexico claimed as Texas-Mexico border and was crossed by Taylor's troops

Polk War message (1846)

speech given saying how he believed that war was necessary because blood was shed on american soil even though hes the one that provoked the war

Canadian insurrection (1837)

supported by a small minority of Canadians and hundreds of american hoping to fight for freedom and volunteered for service, Washington tried to hold up its neutrality agreements but could not enforce this unpopular law

Oregon settlement (1846)

the Oregon border was being settled and the british kept offering the line of Columbia but the US was offering the 49th parallel

Hudson's Bay company

the most important colonizing agency which was trading profitably with the indians of the Pacific Northwest for furs

California (1845)

was mostly filled up with 3/4 indians and the US wanted to buy it from Mexico for 3 million, but was later on bought for 25 mill along with the area to the east

John Tyler (1841)

was vice president of Harrison and because he died, Tyler became president he veto'd more bills than any other president and said no to the 3rd bank of the US, all of his cabinet resigned and the Whigs tried to impeach him

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848)

we got New Mexico, Texas, and California but we gave mexico 18 million dollars