Chapter 2 PCC 274

b. Burglary

Officers should attempt to locate tool marks at the point of entry during the investigation of a: a. Homicide. b. Burglary. c. Hit and run. d. Assault.

d. All of the above

Physical evidence at a hit-and-run scene could include: a. Fiber and tissue. b. Glass fragments. c. Fabric impressions. d. All of the above

c. in the process of a legal arrest

The police are NOT required to obtain a search warrant if they are: a. Unable to locate a judge to issue a warrant. b. Certain their suspect is guilty. c. In the process of a legal arrest. d. Investigating the murder of a fellow officer.

b. Secure the scene

After providing or obtaining medical assistance for the injured and effecting an arrest of suspects (if possible), the first officer arriving at a crime scene should immediately: a. Search for evidence. b. Secure the scene. c. Make a rough sketch of the scene. d. Take notes.

d. Collected and removed from the crime scene

Crime scene sketches serve a unique purpose in permanently documenting the location of evidence: a. Processed at the crime scene. b. Containing drug evidence. c. Not documented in photographs. d. Collected and removed from the crime scene.

d. Both a and c

The first responding officer must make attempts at the crime scene to detain and question: a. Witnesses. b. Unauthorized personnel. c. Suspects. d. Both a and c

b. All physical evidence

The purpose of the crime scene search is to locate: a. DNA-containing evidence. b. All physical evidence. c. Fingerprint evidence. d. Bloodstain patterns.

b. Line

Which crime scene search pattern does NOT require more than one investigator? a. Wheel b. Line c. Grid d. Zone

b. fourth amendment

"The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizure..." is provided for in the United States by the: a. Frye standard. b. Fourth Amendment. c. Declaration of Independence. d. Second Amendment.

d. Trial judge

A properly maintained chain of custody is NOT the responsibility of the: a. Crime scene processor. b. Evidence clerk. c. Forensic technician. d. Trial judge.

d. Produce a finished crime scene sketch

CAD programs enhance the ability to: a. Take complete notes. b. Develop photographs. c. Edit video tape. d. Produce a finished crime scene sketch.

d. a and c

Changes to evidence, such as contamination, can be prevented by handling evidence with: a. Latex gloves. b. Dry, bare hands. c. Disposable forceps. d. a and c

c. packaged in airtight glass jars

Charred debris from an arson scene should be: a. Placed together with similar items in a paper bag. b. Placed in Ziploc® bags. c. Packaged in airtight glass jars. d. Aired out before packing in plastic wrap.

Grid search pattern

Employs two people performing line searches that originate from adjacent corners and form perpendicular lines. This method is very thorough, but the boundaries must be well established in order to use this method well.

a. Questioned documents

Evidence commonly located during a vehicle search includes all of the following EXCEPT: a. Questioned documents. b. Fibers. c. Paint evidence. d. Broken glass.

a. Bloodstained garments should be packaged separately in paper bags

From the choices below, select the one correct physical evidence collection procedure. a. Bloodstained garments should be packaged separately in paper bags. b. Items recovered from scene of a murder should be sent along with the body to the Medical Examiner. c. All items collected from the same grid area should be packaged together. d. The victim's clothing should be obtained at the crime scene and vacuumed to obtain trace evidence.

Spiral search pattern

Generally employs one person. The investigator moves either in an inward spiral from the boundary to the center of the scene or in an outward spiral from the center to the boundary. The inward spiral method is helpful because the searcher is moving from an area light with evidence to an area where it will most likely be found. The searcher can easily locate footprints leading away from the scene in any direction. However, completing a perfect one of these is often difficult, and evidence could be missed.

d. All of the above

Investigators should collect possible carriers of trace evidence which may include: a. Vacuum sweepings. b. Clothing. c. Fingernail scrapings. d. All of the above

d. None of the above

It is permissible for officers at the scene to: a. Eat. b. Drink. c. Smoke. d. None of the above

d. All of the above may be required

Special circumstances at a crime scene may require the use of the following for evidence collection, EXCEPT: a. Particle masks. b. Biohazard packages. c. Coveralls. d. All of the above may be required.

c. Skill of personnel processing the crime scene

Success in the recognition and collection of physical evidence is determined primarily by the: a. Notoriety of the case. b. Time available to the evidence collectors. c. Skill of personnel processing the crime scene. d. Type of evidence involved.

c. Skill of personnel processing the crime scene

Success in the recognition and collection of physical evidence is determined primarily by the: a. Notoriety of the case. b. Time available to the evidence collectors. c. Skill of personnel processing the crime scene. d. Type of evidence involved.

d. determining the natural variations that exist in physical evidence

The evidence collector is NOT concerned with: a. Maintaining the chain of custody. b. Utilizing the proper packaging material for evidence. c. Labeling evidence. d. Determining the natural variations that exist in physical evidence.

c. wearing a face mask

The evidence collector must take extraordinary care to avoid potential contamination by transferring DNA onto objects of evidential value by: a. Reusing shoe covers. b. Packaging items containing potential DNA evidence in airtight bags. c. Wearing a face mask. d. Using the same pair of forceps to collect all evidence at the crime scene.

c. The walk-through

The initial survey of the crime scene carried out by the lead investigator is called: a. The spiral search. b. The initial survey. c. The walk-through. d. The crime scene search.

a. Are fixed or immovable

The location of an item of evidence on a crime scene sketch is shown by its distance from points of reference that: a. Are fixed or immovable. b. Are within ten feet of the item. c. Are located outside the boundaries of the crime scene. d. Can be transported to the crime laboratory.

d. Infrared analysis

The most basic methods of crime scene recording do NOT include: a. Note-taking. b. Photographs. c. Narrated videotapes. d. Infrared analysis.

c. both a and b

The presence of blood and semen at crime scenes exposes investigators to: a. Hepatitis B. b. AIDS . c. Both a and b d. Neither a nor b

d. All of the above

Physical evidence may be obtained from: a. The crime scene. b. The victim. c. The suspect. d. All of the above

b. Experience

To formulate a successful strategy for recovering relevant physical evidence at crime scenes, the investigator must ultimately rely on: a. Reference material. b. Experience. c. Training. d. The lead investigator.

b. Must be complemented by a hard copy of notes and separate still photographs

Videotapes of the crime scene: a. Can be used in place of notes and photographs. b. Must be complemented by a hard copy of notes and separate still photographs. c. Are required in all jurisdictions. d. Are not admissible in court due to the poor image quality.

b. the injury or death of a police officer or law enforcement employee

Warrantless searches are permitted under law in all of the following situations EXCEPT: a. The existence of emergency circumstances. b. The injury or death of a police officer or law enforcement employee. c. The consent of the parties involved. d. The need to prevent the immediate loss of evidence.

a. Evidence could be missed

What is a disadvantage to the spiral search pattern? a. Evidence could be missed. b. It requires several investigators. c. It does not work for outdoors scenes. d. It is dependent on the boundaries of the scene.

c. should assume pathogens are present and treat the samples as such

When biological samples of unknown origin are discovered at a crime scene, investigators: a. Should assume no pathogens are present and treat the samples as such. b. Should allow only trained hazardous material teams to handle the evidence. c. Should assume pathogens are present and treat the sample as such. d. Should package them in plastic bags.

The area where the crime occurred

The center of the crime scene, which is always included within the crime scene's boundary, is: a. The area where the first responder entered the scene. b. The area where the witnesses were located. c. The area where the command center will be located. d. The area where the crime occurred.

a. Sketch of the suspect

A rough sketch need NOT include a: a. Sketch of the suspect(s). b. Compass heading designating north. c. Date, location, and time of the incident. d. Location of all recovered physical evidence.

a. A druggist fold

A victim's fingernail scrapings would be correctly packaged in: a. A druggist fold. b. A plastic Ziploc® bag. c. Sealed, airtight containers. d. Both b and c

b. blood-stained clothing

All of the following items may be placed in an airtight container EXCEPT: a. Charred debris recovered from a fire. b. Blood-stained clothing. c. Glass. d. Hairs and fibers.

c. collect a piece of the surface material near the fire's origin that he or she believes was not exposed to the accelerant

At an arson scene, the collection of a substrate control would require the arson investigator to: a. Collect a sample from the center of a potential accelerant stain. b. Collect samples of surface material from areas far away from the fire's origin. c. Collect a piece of the surface material near the fire's origin that he or she believes was not exposed to the accelerant. d. Collect a sample of the vapors at the fire origin.

c. The ability to manipulate the images

Digital crime scene photographs require special measures to assure their admissibility in court due to: a. Their poor quality. b. The inability to manipulate the images. c. The ability to manipulate the images. d. All of the above

Wheel or Ray search pattern

Employs several people moving from the boundary straight toward the center of the scene (inward), or from the center straight to the boundary (outward). This method is not preferred because the areas between the rays are not searched.

d. Depict injuries and weapons at the scene

If the crime scene includes a dead body, the photographer should: a. Determine the time of death. b. Attempt to identify the victim. c. Document all forensic personnel at crime scene. d. Depict injuries and weapons at scene.

d. Pixels

In digital photography, light is recorded as a specific charge on millions of tiny: a. Silver halide grains. b. Charge coupled devices. c. Semi-conductors. d. Pixels.

Strip or Line search pattern

One or two investigators start at the boundary at one end of the scene and walk straight across to the other side. They then move a little farther along the border and walk straight back to the other side. This method is best used in scenes where the boundaries are well established, because the boundaries dictate the beginning and end of the search lines. If the boundary is incorrectly chosen, important evidence may remain undiscovered outside the search area.

d. All unauthorized personnel

Police barricades, and the strategic positioning of guards, will prohibit access to the crime scene for: a. Civilians only. b. Civilians and media personnel. c. All law enforcement personnel. d. All unauthorized personnel

a. The notes can be recorded at the crime laboratory instead of at the crime scene

The advantages of tape-recording crime scene notes on an audio tape include all of the following EXCEPT: a. The notes can be recorded at the crime laboratory instead of at the crime scene. b. The investigator's hands are free to carry out other tasks while recording the notes. c. Audio tapes have the added security feature of preventing erasure or taping over if the security tab on the tape. d. The notes are recording as the observations are made.

d. All of the above

The best way to guarantee that the evidence will withstand inquiries about what happened to it from the time of its finding to its presentation in court is to: a. Properly record the crime scene. b. Properly mark evidence for identification. c. Properly complete evidence submission forms. d. All of the above

a. permit comparisons to be made with the evidence

The collection of standard reference samples at the crime scene is important because they: a. Permit comparisons to be made with the evidence. b. Are obtained only from suspects in cases of violent assault. c. Serve as a source of extra test material if required in the crime lab. d. All of the above

a. Taking photographs at the crime scene

The conditions at a crime scene can be compromised by all of the following actions EXCEPT: a. Taking photographs at the crime scene b. Adjusting the temperature of the crime scene c. Eating food at the crime scene d. Turning a faucet on at the crime scene

d. All of the above

The crime scene notes must accurately record: a. The tasks assigned each investigator. b. Personnel arrivals and departures from the scene. c. Descriptions of evidence present at the crime scene. d. All of the above

d. The nature of the evidence

The manner of collecting and preserving physical evidence at a crime scene is determined by: a. The circumstances of the crime. b. The importance of the case. c. The number of evidence collectors present at the crime scene. d. The nature of the evidence.

b. fourth

The removal of any evidence from a person or from the scene of a crime must be done in conformity with the privileges of which amendment to the Constitution? a. Sixth b. Fourth c. Fifth d. First

a. Line

The search pattern in which one or two investigators start at the boundary at one end of the scene and walk straight across to the other side is: a. Line. b. Grid. c. Quadrant. d. Wheel.

b. The kind of search pattern that is used to locate evidence

The size and location of the crime scene, as well as the events that occurred there, will determine: a. The kind of evidence that will be missing. b. The kind of search pattern that is used to locate evidence. c. The amount of care that must be taken during the crime scene search. d. The time at which the crime scene is searched.

a. The manner in which the evidence is collected and preserved

The successful outcome of a criminal investigation is almost always directly related to: a. The manner in which the evidence is collected and preserved. b. The number of people employed in the crime lab. c. The volume of the physical evidence collected. d. Whether the crime is considered high-profile.

Quadrant or Zone search pattern

This method divides the scene into parts, and team members are assigned to search each section. Each of these sections can be subdivided into smaller sections for smaller teams to search thoroughly. This method is best suited for scenes that cover a large area. The areas searched must include all probable points of entry and exit by the criminals.

d. Zone

Which crime scene search pattern would absolutely require more than one investigator? a. Spiral b. Line c. Grid d. Zone

d. Mincey v. Arizona

Which of the following is U.S. Supreme Court decision which dealt with the impropriety of the warrantless collection of physical evidence at a homicide scene? a. Mapp v. U.S. b. Frye v. U.S. c. People v. Wilkens d. Mincey v. Arizona

b. a bed sheet

Which of the following items is likely to contain DNA evidence? a. A self-adhesive mailing stamp b. A bed sheet c. A blue rug fiber d. A glass fragment

d. Wheel

Which search pattern employs several people moving from the boundary straight toward the center of the scene (inward) or from the center straight to the boundary (outward)? a. Quadrant b. Grid c. Spiral d. Wheel

a. Line

Which search pattern is most reliant on the boundaries established? a. Line b. Spiral c. Wheel d. Quadrant

d. Zone

Which search pattern would be best suited for a crime scene where many investigators are available to search a large area? a. Spiral b. Grid c. Line d. Zone

b. Note-taking is done after all crime scene processing has been completed

Which statement about note-taking is NOT true? a. The individual who packaged and marked items of evidence should be recorded. b. Note-taking is done after all crime scene processing has been completed. c. Notes should include location of physical evidence recovered. d. Disposition of items after collection must be included.

d. All of the above

Which type of evidence must be packaged separately from other evidence? a. Biological stain evidence b. DNA-containing evidence c. Arson evidence d. All of the above