Chapter 16: The Era of Reconstruction

The Fourteenth Amendment prohibited states from denying freedmen the right to vote. T/F

False

The Ku Klux Klan (KKK) terrorized Democrats who defended black rights in the South. T/F

False

The Freedmen's Bureau was the first federal experiment in social welfare. T/F

True

The Panic of 1873 led to the most severe economic depression the United States had experienced up to that time. T/F

True

The Wade-Davis Bill reflected the ideas of Radical Republicans in Congress for reconstructing the union. T/F

True

Reconstruction came to an end in -1870. -1877. -1888. -1890.

1877

The Radical Republicans included all of the following except -Benjamin Wade. -Alexander Stephens. -George Washington Julian. -Thaddeus Stevens.

Alexander Stephens

After Lincoln's assassination, President Andrew Johnson worked closely with the radicals in Congress to press for civil rights for the freedmen. T/F

False

As a result of the Compromise of 1877, the Democrats regained the presidency. T/F

False

Carpetbaggers were black Republicans from the North who controlled the Radical southern governments during Reconstruction T/F

False

During "black Reconstruction," blacks controlled most southern state governments. T/F

False

Farmers usually advocated "hard" money. T/F

False

Lincoln's plan for reconstruction was to punish Rebel leaders and disenfranchise everyone who had fought for the Confederacy. T/F

False

The "black codes" were laws enacted by southern legislatures that were controlled by the former slaves. T/F

False

Andrew Johnson vetoed a bill to extend the life of the Freedmen's Bureau. T/F

True

Few slave owners willingly freed their slaves until forced to by the arrival of Union soldiers T/F

True

Mary McLeod Bethune was the first black woman to establish a school that later became a four-year college. T/F

True

Northerners lost interest in the civil rights of the freedmen because they -became distracted by the westward movement and Indian wars. -grew tired of the struggle against southern white resistance. -encountered economic trouble during and after the panic of 1873. -all of these

all of these

Ulysses S. Grant was guilty of -refusing to turn documents over to Congress for investigation. -trying to block the implementation of Reconstruction laws. -choosing his appointees unwisely. -taking funds from the federal treasury.

choosing his appointees unwisely.

Andrew Johnson's plan to restore the Union -closely resembled Lincoln's. -was quite similar to the Radicals' program. -involved total reconstruction of the South. -did not include any black suffrage.

closely resembled Lincoln's.

The Fourteenth Amendment -was not as radical as the Civil Rights Act that Johnson had vetoed. -was directed against corporations in its due process clause. -forbade any state from depriving a person "of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law." -gave the president power to pardon former Confederate leaders.

forbade any state from depriving a person "of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law."

The Radical southern governments during Reconstruction -were unusually honest and moral. -operated frugally and did not go into debt. -refused to aid private corporations such as railroads. -gave unusual attention to education and poverty relief.

gave unusual attention to education and poverty relief.

After emancipation, the freed slaves received -forty acres of land under the Confiscation Act. -individual homesteads under the Morrill Land Grant Act. -the right to vote under the Fourteenth Amendment. -help with labor contracts from the Freedmen's Bureau.

help with labor contracts from the Freedmen's Bureau.

Southern whites argued against the election of freed slave politicians claiming they were -illiterate and had no civic experience. -not American citizens. -better suited to other roles. -not interested in politics.

illiterate and had no civic experience.

As a result of his impeachment, President Andrew Johnson -was removed from office. -gained the upper hand in his fight with Congress over Reconstruction. -lost considerable power and influence. -decided to leave politics.

lost considerable power and influence.

Many of the first generation of African American leaders were -preachers. -military veterans. -scalawags. -sons of the old slaveholding class.

military veterans.

At the end of the Civil War, the former slaves -automatically became citizens of the United States. -were given land confiscated from white Rebels. -often signed contracts for labor with their former owners that constrained their independence. -all of these

often signed contracts for labor with their former owners that constrained their independence.

The African Americans' role in Reconstruction did NOT involve -establishing benevolent and mutual aid societies. -supporting the integration of southern schools. -getting married now that their unions were finally legal. -establishing many independent black churches.

supporting the integration of southern schools.

After the Civil War, African Americans were by no means a uniform community, and they had their own differences and disputes, especially between -those who fought for the Union and those who fought for the Confederacy for their freedom. -those who owned property and those who did not. -those who continued to work for their former owners and those who refused to. -those who wanted to farm and those who wanted to work for industrial companies in the North.

those who owned property and those who did not.

Andrew Johnson's largest supporters during his presidency were -southern whites. -unions, small farmers, and the working poor. -ex-slaves. -northern whites.

unions, small farmers, and the working poor.