Chapter 2 Prep U quizzes

A nursing student is describing building nursing theory during a fundamentals nursing class. The student describes that a theory can be built by looking at an idea as a whole and then breaking the idea down into smaller, more specific ideas. The nursing instructor knows that the student is describing which of the following?

Deductive reasoning

Which is not a focus of nursing research?

Drug metabolism by Cytochrome P450

A nurse who works in a pediatric practice assesses the developmental level of children of various ages to determine their psychosocial development. These assessments are based on the work of:

Erikson.

When looking at a model for evidence-based practice, what is the final step of the process?

Evaluating practice change

The nurse researcher would like to gather data about the attitudes of young adults on spirituality and health care. What is the most effective form of research on this topic?

Qualitative research

When a researcher begins to form plans for a research project, the researcher must decide on the method for conducting the research. The nurse researcher that plans to emphasize collection of narrative data and the analyses would select which of the following methods of research?

Qualitative research

A nurse researcher is collecting nominal data. What type of research is being conducted?

Quantitative research

The nursing instructor is explaining sources of knowledge to a group of nursing students. She says, "Some knowledge is passed from one generation to another." One of the students correctly describes this source as being what?

Traditional knowledge

A conceptual framework is defined as:

a set of concepts and propositions.

A nurse is orienting a group of nurses who will be helping to collect data for the nurse's research study. The nurse is explaining the study's theoretical framework, likening it to:

an architectural blueprint.

A nurse researcher develops a foreground question in preparation for conducting a research study. The question is: "In clients with intravenous catheters, how does replacing administration sets every 72 hours (h) compared to other frequent intervals (24h, 48h, or 96h) decrease infection rates?" Applying the PICO framework, which part of the statement reflects the "O"?

decrease infection

A male client 79 years of age who is postoperative Day 3 following hip replacement surgery has been approached by a nurse researcher and asked to participate in a research study. This study will test a new rehabilitation strategy. What aspect of the nursing research process addresses the client's understanding of the potential risks and benefits of this study?

going through the informed consent process with the client

A nurse is preparing to conduct a research study and chooses a mixed method of research. The nurse chooses this method based on the understanding that the results will:

provide a more complex level of understanding.

The director of nurses (DON) in a long-term care facility has noticed an increased number of urinary tract infections (UTIs) on the east wing of the facility, and would like the infection control nurse to investigate this problem. What is the best problem statement for this study?

"Is there a relationship between the personnel caring for specific clients and whether or not these clients developed UTIs?"

A nurse educated at the baccalaureate level is participating in clinical nursing research. Based on the nurse's educational level, which activity would the nurse be expected to perform? Select all that apply.

-evaluate research for its applicability to nursing practice. -participate in the implementation of scientific studies

How would a student nurse define a conceptual framework?

A group of interrelated objects that follow a pattern

A community health nurse has been visiting a diabetic client whose morning fasting glucose levels are constantly elevated. Upon further assessment, the nurse determines that the client's spouse does not understand how to prepare meals following the prescribed diabetic diet. Using Dorothea Orem Self Care Theory, how can the nurse help meet the needs of this client?

Arrange an evaluation appointment with a dietician.

For which research activity is a phenomenological research method most appropriate?

Attempting to understand non-English speaking immigrants' experiences of being hospital clients

The nursing instructor is explaining sources of knowledge to a group of nursing students. The nursing instructor describes "some knowledge is gained from someone with a great deal of perceived experience." One of the students correctly describes this source as being:

Authoritative knowledge

A nursing theory differs from a theoretical framework in which way?

Concepts and propositions are more specific and present or explain some phenomenon systematically

A nurse is planning to conduct a nursing research study and is seeking federal funding. Which institution would be most helpful for the nurse to contact funding?

National Institute of Nursing Research

What is the best explanation for the way evidence-based practice (EBP) has changed the way nursing care is delivered?

Nursing care now uses EBP as a means of ensuring quality care.

A nurse researcher is studying female clients who have survived breast cancer. The nurse asks each client to describe her experience and then analyzes the data for the meaning of the experience within each person's own reality. This nurse has used what type of qualitative research method?

Phenomenology

What type of research study would a hospital conduct to explore clients' and families' perceptions of receiving care?

Qualitative

A nurse is completing a family assessment on a routine home health visit. The parents have a child with a severe peanut allergy. The mother states that she does not purchase any foods with peanut or peanut oil for her family. The other children are allowed to have foods containing peanuts while they are at school and visiting with friends and family. The nurse would conclude that which of the following theories would most like be the basis for this family's functioning?

Adaptation Theory

A nursing student is describing abstract ideas with a group of peers. The student says that these ideas can be a group of objects with relationships. The nursing instructor knows that the student is describing which of the following?

Concepts

A nurse is planning to participate in a research project and is looking for information about what is already known about the topic. The nurse is involved in which step of the research process?

scientific literature review

A nurse is developing a foreground question for nursing research using the PICO model. Which component would be represented by the statement, "a 45-year-old male with coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation"?

P

How are the first stages of the nursing process and nursing research linked?

The nurse assesses problems initially.

A nursing theorist examines a hospital environment by studying each ward and how it works individually, then relates this information to the hospital as a whole working entity. This is an example of the use of which theory?

General systems theory

The statement, "More frequent handwashing will significantly lower the rate of infection in hospitalized clients," is an example of what research component?

Hypothesis

A nurse is to participate as part of a team involved in nursing research and will be following the steps of the nursing research process. Place the steps below in the order in which the nurse and team will complete the process.

Identify the problem area. Review the scientific literature. Identify the theoretical framework. Formulate the problem statement. Develop the proposed research question. Identify the research design.

A nurse observes that the past five clients referred from a community clinic have been treated for drug and/or alcohol overdose. Based on this information, the nurse assumes that the clinic specializes in the treatment of substance use. This is an example of what type of reasoning?

Inductive reasoning

A nursing student is describing building nursing theory during a fundamentals nursing class. The student implies that a theory can be built by looking at a group of specific ideas and then drawing conclusions that relate to a general idea. The nursing instructor knows that the student is describing which of the following?

Inductive reasoning

The nurse is studying nursing models for a Baccalaureate course. Which action made by the nurse exemplifies proper application of the Adaptation model?

helping the client adjust to blood sugar testing each morning

Christine Grady is a nurse ethicist that proposed a framework for evaluating ethics. Grady suggested that a independent review is needed for ethical research. This is correctly defined as:

"Unaffiliated individuals must review the research and approve, amend, or terminate the research."

A client preparing to be a subject in a research study informs the nurse that he or she would like to withdraw from the research study immediately. What is the best response by the nurse?

"You have the right to withdraw your consent for the research subject at any time."

In today's healthcare environment nurses use theories to guide all stages of the nursing process. Which of the following are examples of ways that a nurse can utilize theories to guide client care? (Select all that apply.)

-Collect client data. -Organize client information. -Classify client data. -Analyze client situations.

A nurse is reviewing a quantitative research study. Which aspects of this type of study would the nurse need to keep in mind? Select all that apply.

-Control or manipulation is rarely used. -Reality is not viewed as a fixed entity. -Intuition is used for analysis.

The nursing instructor is discussing nursing theories and concepts with a group of nursing students in a fundamentals course. In guiding the thoughts and understanding of concepts, the instructor discusses nursing concepts specifically. The purpose of concepts in nursing practice include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

-Guide the steps of the nursing process. -Suggest appropriate nursing interventions. -Serve in the determination of what information is relevant related to a specific client issue. -Suggest appropriate nursing outcomes for a client.

The nursing instructor is teaching about nursing theories. Students are asked to identify facts related to nursing theory. Which of the following facts are true regarding nursing theory? (Select all that apply.)

-Nursing theory provides a rationale for the care that nurses provide. -Nursing theories may be descriptive or prescriptive. -Nursing theory provides a focus for care that is delivered to clients. -The ultimate outcome for nursing theory is improved client care.

A nurse researcher is preparing to conduct a research study on the effects of inflammatory bowel disease on nutritional status and bone density. The study includes clients diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease. Which information would the nurse researcher be required to give the participants? Select all that apply.

-a description of the type of data that will be collected -an explanation of the commitment needed -compensation if reimbursement will be made -methods used to protect anonymity and confidentiality

A nurse has received a doctoral degree from a research oriented educational program. Which activities would this nurse be able to perform? Select all that apply.

-uses analytic and empirical methods to modify existing scientific knowledge so that the knowledge is relevant to nursing -develops methods for scientific inquiry of phenomena related to nursing

Which is an example of evidence-based nursing practice?

A nurse is working in an obstetric clinic. Because many of her clients experience nausea and vomiting, the nurse performed a literature review on complementary and alternative medicine treatments. She has chosen to look at studies that have been published in indexes such as PubMed. In her review of the literature she found that ginger was an effective treatment for nausea and was safe during pregnancy. She now recommends ginger to all of her clients.

A nursing student is reading a research article from a nursing journal. The student is aware that the opening paragraph summarizing the article and the research findings is a good place to start. What part of the article is the nursing student reading?

Abstract

As a researcher begins to form plans for a research project, the researcher must decide on the method for conducting the research. The nurse researcher that plans to emphasize collection data and the analyses for the purpose of improving clinical practice would select which of the following methods of research?

Applied research

A nurse is completing a family assessment on a routine home health visit. There is a mother, father, and three children ages 2, 4, and 6 years of age. She watches the children individually as they play and interact with one another. She compares each child with the norms established for the age groups and determines and they are all within normal limits for their ages. The nurse would be utilizing which of the following theories as the basis for this part of the family assessment?

Developmental Theory

The nursing student studying research exhibits an understanding when informing the instructor that which of the following is the bridge between theory and practice?

Evidence-based research

In nursing class the instructor asks the students about the nursing research process. The student identifies the first nurse to collect data on clients as which of the following?

Florence Nightingale

Who is considered to be the first nursing researcher?

Florence Nightingale

Who is considered to be the first nursing theorist who conceptualized nursing in terms of manipulating the environment?

Florence Nightingale

Nurses in an ICU noticed that their clients required fewer interventions for pain when the ICU was quiet. They then asked a researcher to design a study about the effects of noise on the pain levels of hospitalized clients. How does this demonstrate the ultimate goal of expanding the nursing body of knowledge?

Nursing research helps improve ways to promote and maintain health.

A nurse is applying a nursing model in the care of a client. Which is most similar to a nursing model?

Nursing theory

The nursing instructor asks a group of students to identify a theory that describes, explains, predicts, and controls outcomes in nursing practice. One student correctly identifies this theory as what?

Nursing theory

There are four common concepts in nursing theory. While all concepts are important, the focus of nursing is always on which of the following?

Person

A nurse researcher must decide on the method for conducting the research. The researcher that plans to emphasize collection of numerical data and analysis would select which method of research?

Quantitative research

A nurse is discussing dietary issues with a Latino client in the clinic. The client states, "I read a research article about the importance of beans in the Latino diet. The findings from the study suggested that inclusion of meat and beans in the diet would help in the development of muscles and bones." The information that the client is expressing is known as what?

Scientific knowledge

The second step in implementation of evidence-based practice includes systematic review. In order to complete a systematic review of the literature the nurse must do which of the following?

Summarize findings from multiple studies that are related to a particular nursing practice.

A nurse is preparing to conduct a research study using the qualitative method. When conducting the research, which characteristics would be included? Select all that apply.

The data collected would primarily be subjective. The approach would be holistic.

Which statement best explains the importance of theoretic frameworks?

Theoretic frameworks advance nursing knowledge and practice.

A nurse is discussing dietary issues with a Latino client in the clinic. The client states, "My grandmother always told me that I needed to include beans in my diet so that my muscles would grow." The information that the client is expressing is known as what?

Traditional knowledge

A nursing instructor is explaining to a group of nursing students the importance of understanding the sources of knowledge. Which of the following types of knowledge would the instructor describe as being subjective? (Select all that apply)

Traditional knowledge Authoritative knowledge

A nurse is preparing to conduct a research study and uses the PICO format to develop the foreground question which is: "In adults, does reducing salt intake, compared to no change in salt intake, lower blood pressure?" The nurse identifies the "P" as:

adults.

A nurse develops the following foreground question using the PICO format in preparation for a research study: "In overweight clients, how do chromium supplements compared to no supplements help with weight loss?" Which part of the question reflects the intervention?

chromium supplements

A nurse admitting a client to the home health service is gathering information for the client's database. Within the database, the nurse gathers information on the client's health history, past surgeries, diet, exercise, psychosocial status, family and support persons, and spirituality. This information will assist in the development of the client's plan of care. This is considered a:

holistic database.

A nursing researcher presents the findings of his or her current study at a School of Nursing's research conference. While there, the nurse speaks with another nurse researcher interested in similar topics and the two decide to discuss forming a partnership for further research projects. This type of interaction is an example of:

networking.

A nurse is preparing a seminar for a nursing research symposium. As part of the presentation, the nurse plans to discuss the history surrounding the development of nursing research. When describing the research that occurred during the early half of the twentieth century, which area would the nurse describe as being the focus?

nursing education

A group of nurses is planning to investigate the effectiveness of turning immobilized stroke clients more frequently in order to prevent skin breakdown. The team has begun by formulating a PICO question. Which of the following will the "O" in the team's PICO question refer to?

preventing skin breakdown

A nurse is searching the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for information about evidence-based practice related to pain control measures. The nurse searches this database based on the understanding that these reviews reflect which type of research?

randomized, controlled trials

Evidence-based care emphasizes decision making based on the best available evidence and:

use of outcome studies to guide decisions.