Chapter 2: The Project Management and Information Technology Context

(T/F) An organization's project management plan expresses the vision, mission, goals, objectives, and strategies of the organization.

False

Project Life Cycles

A collection of project phases, such as concept, development, implementation, and close-out

A systems development life cycle (SDLC)

A framework for describing the phases involved in developing and maintaining information systems

Predictive Life Cycle

A software development approach used when the scope of the project can be articulated clearly and the schedule and cost can be predicted accurately

Project Phase Four: Close-Out

All work is completed

Four Frames of Organizations (Structural Frame)

Deals with how the organization is structured. Focuses on different groups roles and responsibilities to meet goals.

Four Frames of Organizations (Political frame)

Emphasizes that organizations are coalitions composed of varied individuals and interest groups

Four Frames of Organizations (HR)

Focuses on producing harmony between the needs of the organization the needs of people. Mismatches can occur between the needs and individuals

Project Virtual Team

Group of people who work together despite time and space boundaries using communication technologies.

functional organizational structure

Most common organizational structure; pyramid shaped; used in larger organizations; deep vertical structures; strict chain of command ensures that communication and assignment and evaluation of tasks are carried out; used most frequently in HSO's.

Understanding Organizations

Organizational issues are often the most difficult part of working on and managing projects

Project Phase Three: Implementation

Project team creates a definitive cost estimate, delivers the required work and provider performance reports to stakeholders

Project Phase Two: Development

Project team creates more detailed project management plans and more thorough WBS

Importance of Top Management

Provider adequate resources, approve, cooperation from people in other parts of the organization, mentor project managers

Which of the following is a disadvantage of virtual teams as compared to traditional teams?

Reduced opportunities for informal transfer of information

RAD life cycle

Requirements planning, user design, construction and cutover.

Prototyping Life Cycle Model

Used for developing software prototypes to clarify user requirements for operational software

champion

acts as a key advocate for a project

Waterfall Life Cycle Model

assumes that requirements will remain stable

Spiral life cycle model

change can be incorporated with reasonable cost

Matrix Organization

employees are assigned both to functional and project managers

The majority of time on a project is usually spent on _____, as is most of the project's budget.

execution

Project Phase One: Concept

focus on planning and are often referred to as project feasibility

Four Frames of Organizations (Symbolic frame)

focuses on symbols and meanings.

project organizational structure

groups people by major project

Incremental build life cycle

issues a package while working on futrue revisions

The _____ perspective of an organization focuses on different groups' roles and responsibilities in order to meet the goals and policies set by top management.

structural frame