Chapter 2: The Project Management and Information Technology Context
(T/F) An organization's project management plan expresses the vision, mission, goals, objectives, and strategies of the organization.
False
Project Life Cycles
A collection of project phases, such as concept, development, implementation, and close-out
A systems development life cycle (SDLC)
A framework for describing the phases involved in developing and maintaining information systems
Predictive Life Cycle
A software development approach used when the scope of the project can be articulated clearly and the schedule and cost can be predicted accurately
Project Phase Four: Close-Out
All work is completed
Four Frames of Organizations (Structural Frame)
Deals with how the organization is structured. Focuses on different groups roles and responsibilities to meet goals.
Four Frames of Organizations (Political frame)
Emphasizes that organizations are coalitions composed of varied individuals and interest groups
Four Frames of Organizations (HR)
Focuses on producing harmony between the needs of the organization the needs of people. Mismatches can occur between the needs and individuals
Project Virtual Team
Group of people who work together despite time and space boundaries using communication technologies.
functional organizational structure
Most common organizational structure; pyramid shaped; used in larger organizations; deep vertical structures; strict chain of command ensures that communication and assignment and evaluation of tasks are carried out; used most frequently in HSO's.
Understanding Organizations
Organizational issues are often the most difficult part of working on and managing projects
Project Phase Three: Implementation
Project team creates a definitive cost estimate, delivers the required work and provider performance reports to stakeholders
Project Phase Two: Development
Project team creates more detailed project management plans and more thorough WBS
Importance of Top Management
Provider adequate resources, approve, cooperation from people in other parts of the organization, mentor project managers
Which of the following is a disadvantage of virtual teams as compared to traditional teams?
Reduced opportunities for informal transfer of information
RAD life cycle
Requirements planning, user design, construction and cutover.
Prototyping Life Cycle Model
Used for developing software prototypes to clarify user requirements for operational software
champion
acts as a key advocate for a project
Waterfall Life Cycle Model
assumes that requirements will remain stable
Spiral life cycle model
change can be incorporated with reasonable cost
Matrix Organization
employees are assigned both to functional and project managers
The majority of time on a project is usually spent on _____, as is most of the project's budget.
execution
Project Phase One: Concept
focus on planning and are often referred to as project feasibility
Four Frames of Organizations (Symbolic frame)
focuses on symbols and meanings.
project organizational structure
groups people by major project
Incremental build life cycle
issues a package while working on futrue revisions
The _____ perspective of an organization focuses on different groups' roles and responsibilities in order to meet the goals and policies set by top management.
structural frame