Chapter 20: Environmental Health

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which statements regarding hybrid vehicles are correct? Multiple select question. They are a bit noisier than conventional vehicles. They achieve less fuel economy than conventional vehicles. They use two or more distinct power sources. They are being used more commonly in government fleets. They cost several thousand dollars more than conventional vehicles.

They use two or more distinct power sources. They are being used more commonly in government fleets. They cost several thousand dollars more than conventional vehicles.

Multiple Choice Question The world's population is currently about ______. Multiple choice question. 70.6 billion 7.7 billion 700 million 7.6 million

7.7 billion

True or False Question Air pollution is solely the result of human activities.

False

Fill in the Blank Question ______________ power, a renewable energy source, taps the heat in the earth's core.

Geothermal

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which of the following statements about DDT are correct? Multiple select question. It was banned in the United States in 1972. It was an ineffective pesticide that was retired. It was a biodegradable pesticide. It was leading to biomagnification.

It was banned in the United States in 1972. It was leading to biomagnification.

Multiple Choice Question Which of the following statements about X-ray exposure is accurate? Multiple choice question. Today, routine X-rays are safe. Early X-rays were so damaging that the technology was abandoned for decades. X-ray exposure is cumulative. Newer X-ray technology delivers the same amount of radiation as older machines.

X-ray exposure is cumulative

Multiple Choice Question What is the largest source of mercury? Multiple choice question. coal-fired power plants refrigerants and solvents insulation materials paint products

coal-fired power plants

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply When nuclear power was first developed, it was promoted as ______. Multiple select question. efficient safe expensive clean

efficient safe clean

Multiple Choice Question Which of the following is a primary factor that may eventually put a cap on human population growth? Multiple choice question. war disease energy collapse of democracy

energy

Multiple Choice Question Extreme energy sources involves which type of energy? Multiple choice question. energy from wind energy from the sun energy from fossil fuels energy from biomass

energy from fossil fuels

Fill in the Blank Question The natural and human-made surroundings in which we spend our lives is called the ________________.

environment

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply What are possible health consequences related to mercury exposure? Multiple select question. decreased fetal development low blood pressure damage to kidneys increased heart rate chronic bronchitis sickle cell anemia

increased heart rate decreased fetal development damage to kidneys.

Multiple Choice Question A warming of the earth due to a buildup of carbon dioxide and certain other gases is called ______. Multiple choice question. the domino effect ground-level ozone smog the greenhouse effect

the greenhouse effect

Multiple Choice Question Which of the following is not among the ways to reduce solid waste? Multiple choice question. use microplastics avoid disposables avoid throwing electronics or batteries into the trash avoid using foam or paper cups

use microplastics

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply What are characteristics of a sanitary landfill site? Multiple select question. use of plastic liners limited space requirements close proximity to water supplies inclusion of solid waste

use of plastic liners inclusion of solid waste

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which of the following statements regarding alternative fuels are correct? Multiple select question. E85 is a mixture of ethanol and coal powder. E85 costs approximately the same as regular gasoline. Ethanol use requires the United States to import more oil. A potential drawback of ethanol is the diversion of corn crops from the food supply. Some critics say ethanol may cost more to produce than it yields when burned as fuel.

A potential drawback of ethanol is the diversion of corn crops from the food supply. Some critics say ethanol may cost more to produce than it yields when burned as fuel.

Multiple Choice Question A measure of local air quality and what it means for health is called the ______. Multiple choice question. UV Index Pollen Count Air Quality Index Heat Index

Air Quality Index

Multiple Choice Question Which of the following statements about U.S. garbage is accurate? Multiple choice question. Computer components are non-toxic. Americans recycle and compost nearly all of their trash. Nearly half of all solid waste is toxic. Burning reduces solid waste but can be hazardous.

Burning reduces solid waste but can be hazardous.

True or False Question New technology has made routine X-rays safe.

False

True or False Question Septic systems are most commonly used in urban areas.

False

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which statements regarding asbestos are correct? Multiple select question. It has been removed from all residential and commercial buildings in the United States. It was widely used for fire protection and insulation until the late 1960s. It lodges in the arteries, causing serious heart problems. Fibers can lodge in the lungs, causing serious health conditions.

It was widely used for fire protection and insulation until the late 1960s. Fibers can lodge in the lungs, causing serious health conditions.

True or False Question Sunscreen can prevent the absorption of UV radiation.

True

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which statements regarding the greenhouse effect and global warming are correct? Multiple select question. Without the greenhouse effect, the atmosphere would be more hostile to life. The temperature of the earth's atmosphere is a balance between energy gain and energy loss. The temperature of the earth's atmosphere depends on the Earth's position in relation to other planets. The amount of energy the planet radiates back into space is ultraviolet radiation.

Without the greenhouse effect, the atmosphere would be more hostile to life. The temperature of the earth's atmosphere is a balance between energy gain and energy loss.

Multiple Choice Question Which vehicles would take advantage of an infrastructure of quick-charging stations for batteries? Multiple choice question. all-electric (EV) gasohol-fueled hybrid electric hydrogen

all-electric (EV)

Multiple Choice Question Which vehicles would take advantage of an infrastructure of quick-charging stations for batteries? Multiple choice question. hydrogen all-electric (EV) hybrid electric gasohol-fueled

all-electric (EV)

Multiple Choice Question Materials that break down naturally and disappear back into the environment are called ______. Multiple choice question. biodiverse biographical biomagnified biodegradable

biodegradable

Multiple Choice Question The process by which organic substances are broken down naturally by living organisms is called ______. Multiple choice question. biomagnification biodiversity biodegradation bioengineering

biodegradation

Multiple Choice Question Since 1950, the average number of children per woman has ______. Multiple choice question. remained the same increased in Western countries declined overall increased overall

declined overall

Multiple Choice Question Everything that surrounds is referred to as our ______. Multiple choice question. niche environment biome ecosystem

environment

Multiple Choice Question The collective interactions of humans with the environment and the short-term and long-term health consequences of those interactions is called ______ health. Multiple choice question. environmental ecological spiritual social

environmental

Multiple Choice Question Which field emerged from the desire to control communicable diseases? Multiple choice question. political science medical sociology cultural geography environmental health

environmental health

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which of the following are common indoor air pollutants? Multiple select question. environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) fluoridation volatile organic compounds (VOCs) chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Some processes that alter water to make it fit for human use include ______. Multiple select question. filtration disinfection homogenization germination

filtration disinfection

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Some processes that alter water to make it fit for human use include ______. Multiple select question. homogenization germination filtration disinfection

filtration disinfection

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which factors contribute to population growth? Multiple select question. high death rates high fertility rates low death rates low fertility rates

high fertility rates low death rates

Multiple Choice Question Radon can cause cancer of the ______. Multiple choice question. lungs blood colon skin

lungs

Multiple Choice Question The use of controlled nuclear reactions to produce electricity is called ______. Multiple choice question. biodegradation radiation nuclear power biomagnification

nuclear power

Multiple Choice Question Hearing loss can be caused by ______. Multiple choice question. prolonged exposure to sounds measuring 40--50 decibels frequent exposure to low-intensity sounds rare exposure to high-intensity sounds prolonged exposure to high-intensity sounds

prolonged exposure to high-intensity sounds

Multiple Choice Question Energy transmitted in the form of rays, waves, or particles is called ______. Multiple choice question. radiation biomagnification nuclear power ventilation

radiation

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas emitted from ______. Multiple select question. fossil fuels the rays of the sun rocks natural building materials

rocks natural building materials

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which of the following are the primary causes of the greenhouse effect, smog, and acid precipitation? Multiple select question. fracking and other extraction techniques the burning of oil and coal by industry and by electric power plants automobile exhaust large-scale agriculture

the burning of oil and coal by industry and by electric power plants automobile exhaust

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which statements about how many people the world can hold are correct? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. For all people to receive proper nutrition, the world's diet may have to change. As human population increases, so too do the available natural resources. Increasing human population can lead to habitat destruction and species extinction. The earth can indefinitely support a minimum acceptable standard of living for a growing number of people. A growing human population will demand increased use of renewable sources of energy.

For all people to receive proper nutrition, the world's diet may have to change. Increasing human population can lead to habitat destruction and species extinction. A growing human population will demand increased use of renewable sources of energy.

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which of the following statements regarding sanitary landfills are correct? Multiple select question. A great deal of decomposition occurs at sanitary landfills. Layers of solid waste in a landfill are often covered with thin layers of dirt. Monitoring wells for landfills are required in most states. Sanitary landfills are often near groundwater, streams, or other sources of water.

Layers of solid waste in a landfill are often covered with thin layers of dirt. Monitoring wells for landfills are required in most states.

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply What are ways to prevent chemical contamination? Multiple select question. Use separate measuring utensils to measure food and chemicals. Burn trash whenever possible. Dispose of household chemicals properly. Avoid buying organic or local products.

Use separate measuring utensils to measure food and chemicals. Dispose of household chemicals properly.

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply What are ways to avoid radiation? Multiple select question. Take vitamins and other supplements. Use sunscreen to protect yourself from the sun's UV radiation. Get X-rays only when needed. Have full-body CT scans yearly for your routine health screenings. Follow the government's recommendations for radon testing.

Use sunscreen to protect yourself from the sun's UV radiation. Get X-rays only when needed. Follow the government's recommendations for radon testing.

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply What are ways to prevent contact with chemical pollutants? Multiple select question. Wear gloves whenever handling chemicals. Keep out of a fumigated home for a few days. Choose petrochemical cleansers and disinfectants. Store any toxic household products where children or animals cannot get to them.

Wear gloves whenever handling chemicals. Keep out of a fumigated home for a few days. Store any toxic household products where children or animals cannot get to them.

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply What are possible health consequences of acute lead exposure? Multiple select question. chronic cough increased autoimmune response decreased oxygen transport in the blood mental impairment

decreased oxygen transport in the blood mental impairment

Multiple Choice Question All of the following are possible health consequence of long-term, low-level lead exposure except which? Multiple choice question. release into the bloodstream during pregnancy kidney disease diabetes buildup in bones

diabetes

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply What are examples of how an individual can protect the water supply? Multiple select question. take baths, not showers fix leaky faucets pour toxic materials down the drain only run dishwashers for full loads install sink faucet aerators

fix leaky faucets only run dishwashers for full loads install sink faucet aerators

Multiple Choice Question What process affects the water supply in an effort to reduce tooth decay? Multiple choice question. hydrogenation calcification fluoridation pasteurization

fluoridation

Multiple Choice Question Buried deposits of decayed animals and plants that are converted into carbon-rich fuels by exposure to heat and pressure over millions of years are called ______. Multiple choice question. renewable resources carbon-free fuels fossil fuels biomass

fossil fuels

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which methods of obtaining fossil fuels are considered "extreme energy sources" due to the difficulty in accessing them and their potential environmental impacts? Multiple select question. hydraulic fracturing ("fracking") strip mining coal deepwater oil rigs tar sands oil extraction

hydraulic fracturing ("fracking") deepwater oil rigs tar sands oil extraction

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Air pollution can ______. Multiple select question. include natural pollutants such as pollen dust include man-made pollutants be considered a new problem be harmful to animals but not humans because of their advanced respiratory systems

include natural pollutants such as pollen dust include man-made pollutants

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply What are most likely to contain asbestos? Multiple select question. insulation around furnaces wood flooring roofing and siding window glass vinyl flooring

insulation around furnaces roofing and siding vinyl flooring

Multiple Choice Question What is not a way to prevent air pollution? Multiple choice question. keep paints and other chemicals sealed in original containers keep car tires slightly deflated buy houseplants use only energy-efficient lighting

keep car tires slightly deflated

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply What are ways to prevent air pollution? Multiple select question. washing clothes in hot water instead of cold water keeping cars tuned up and well-maintained buying energy-efficient appliances carpooling

keeping cars tuned up and well-maintained buying energy-efficient appliances carpooling

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which of the following are chemical pollutants that require precautions in handling or disposal? Multiple select question. indoor mold animal dander mineral spirits antifreeze insecticides

mineral spirits antifreeze insecticides

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which primary factors may eventually put a cap on human population growth? Multiple select question. minimum acceptable standards of living war food available land and water

minimum acceptable standards of living food available land and water

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply What are common indoor air pollutants? Multiple select question. mold smog pollen carbon monoxide

mold carbon monoxide

Multiple Choice Question A layer of O3 molecules in the upper atmosphere that screens out UV rays from the sun is called ______. Multiple choice question. global warming smog greenhouse effect ozone

ozone

Multiple Choice Question The fragile, invisible layer of the atmosphere approximately 10-30 miles above the earth's surface that shields the planet from the sun's UV rays is known as the ______. Multiple choice question. stratosphere thermal layer troposphere ozone layer

ozone layer

Multiple Choice Question By weight, the largest source of American household waste in 2017 consisted of ______. Multiple choice question. plastics glass yard trimmings paper products

paper products

Multiple Choice Question Which chemicals are used to maximize food production by killing insects that eat crops and to prevent the spread of insect-borne diseases? Multiple choice question. chlorofluorocarbons pesticides herbicides biomagnifiers

pesticides

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Many cities help encourage their residents to dispose of hazardous waste by ______. Multiple select question. posting guidelines about proper disposal methods insisting on the burning of such materials instructing residents to flush hazardous waste down their toilets holding hazardous waste collection days

posting guidelines about proper disposal methods holding hazardous waste collection days

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which factors can contribute to high fertility rates? Multiple select question. improved health poverty use of contraceptives lack of education

poverty lack of education

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply What are examples of how an individual can protect the water supply? Multiple select question. purchase a water-saver toilet run dishwashers with half of a load do not flush old medicines down the toilet take bleach or motor oil to hazardous waste collection centers take long baths, not brief showers

purchase a water-saver toilet do not flush old medicines down the toilet take bleach or motor oil to hazardous waste collection centers

Multiple Choice Question The sun, electronics, and nuclear weapons are just some of the sources that create ______. Multiple choice question. homogenization radiation biomagnification transportation

radiation

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Water shortages have been caused by the ______. Multiple select question. melting of the global ice caps rapid growth of populations pumping of groundwater conservation of natural resources

rapid growth of populations pumping of groundwater

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply What are possible solutions to water shortages? Multiple select question. sale of water to dry regions groundwater pumping water recycling conservation

sale of water to dry regions water recycling conservation

Fill in the Blank Question A(n) _____________________ system is a self-contained sewage disposal system in which waste material is decomposed by bacteria.

septic

Multiple Choice Question Compared to the average car, the largest SUVs emit ______ ton(s) more of greenhouse gases each year. Multiple choice question. one three six nine

six

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply Which of the following are sources of renewable energy? Multiple select question. solar power biofuels biomass fossil fuels

solar power biofuels biomass

Multiple Choice Question Ethanol is a renewable alternative transportation fuel produced from ______. Multiple choice question. by-products of industrial processes the removal of salt from water starchy agricultural products the decomposition of dead organisms

starchy agricultural products

Multiple Select Question Select all that apply What are ways to help reduce solid waste? Multiple select question. use paper bags to pack your lunch buy individually packaged items start a compost pile for organic garbage stop using foil and plastic wrap

start a compost pile for organic garbage stop using foil and plastic wrap