Chapter 21-25 Quizzes

Plasma insulin is normal to high Middle age or older

Which of the following traits are consistent for people who have type 2 diabetes?

Myelitis

An infection of the spinal cord

False

Myxedema is another name for hyperthyroidism in an adult.

Arachnoid

The middle membrane of the central nervous system

Helicobacter pylori

Which of these microorganisms that colonizes the stomach may cause chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa and may predispose to gastric and duodenal ulcers?

Epidural

Which type of hemorrhage occurs when escaping blood accumulates between the outer layer of dura and the cranial bones?

Basophils

Which types of cells contain abundant blue-staining granules in their cytoplasm?

Adenoma of pituitary gland, coarsening of the facial features resulting from overgrowth of facial bones

A 25-year-old woman has acromegaly. Which of the following occurs in someone who has this condition?

Reductible

A herniated loop that can be reduced is described as which of the following?

Hyperglycemia

A high level of blood glucose is called?

True

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) may result from embolization of atheromatous material from an internal carotid artery plaque that lodges in the brain.

True

A tumor of neurological origin is called a glioma

False

About one-half of blood flow is provided by the portal vein, which drains the spleen and GI tract.

False

Barrett esophagus is a type of dysplastic change of the esophageal epithelium.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Chronic, progressive, fatal disease of the central nervous system caused by a prion.

False

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is caused by a virus that attacks the neurons in the brain and spinal cord

False

Glucocorticoids such as cortisol are concerned with regulation of electrolyte and water balance.

True

Gluten enteropathy or nontropical sprue can be described as atrophy of the villi in the small intestine.

False

Gout is sometimes a complication of diabetes

True

Hydrocephalus is associated with progressive enlargement of the head in an infant.

True

Hyperparathyroidism generally results from a hormone-secreting parathyroid adenoma.

True

Many causes of acute gastritis are caused by non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID's), which act by inhibiting an enzyme (cyclooxgenase) that is required to synthesize prostaglandins.

Hydrocephalus

Marked dilatation of the ventricular system is called?

True

Obesity is a risk factor for gallstone formation

False

Obesity results when caloric intake is much lower than the amount of calories required for total daily energy expenditure.

True

Only a few cases of hepatitis E virus infection have been reported in North America.

False

Outpouchings of the mucosa of the colon often project through weak areas in the muscular wall of the large intestine. This condition is the congenital abnormality.

False

Parkinsons's disease is very common in women but quite rare in men.

True

Patients who have had previous radiotherapy to the had and neck have an increased risk of developing thyroid tumors.

False

Somatotropin is also referred to as insulin-like growth factor.

True

The brain is hollow, containing four interconnected cavities called ventricles

Bile pigment

The breakdown of red blood cells produces which of the following?

False

The function of the sweat glands is abnormal in persons who have cystic fibrosis because the glands can no longer conserve sodium and potassium.

Hyperactive reflexes, tremors, and rise in blood pressure

The release of epinephrine causes which of the following effects?

True

The terms diabetic acidosis and ketoacidosis describe the same condition

True

To treat pituitary dwarfism, normal growth and development can be restored by administering growth hormone produced by recombinant DNA technology.

False

Treatment is available to stop the progression of inflammation and damage to the bile duct epithelial cells in primary biliary cirrhosis.

False

Tumors of the pancreas are not common

It is transmitted as a recessive trait, it is frequently associated with pulmonary infection, and thick mucus plugs pancreatic ducts, which undergo cystic dilatation.

Which of the following statements regarding cystic fibrosis of the pancreas is correct?

Cirrhosis of the liver

What is the most serious consequence of excessive alcohol intake?

Conjugation

What is the process of combining bilirubin with other substances to promote excretion?

Elevated blood glucose, excretion of glucose in the urine, and overproduction of ketone bodies

Which of the following biochemical disturbances occurs in insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus?

Adrenal cortex

Which of the following endocrine glands is regulated by a trophic hormone produced by the anterior lobe of the pituitary?

Barrett esophagus

Which of the following esophageal diseases predispose to esophageal carcinoma?

Water contaminated with hepatitis virus, direct contact with persons ill with hepatitis A, and food contaminated with hepatitis A virus.

Which of the following is a common means of transmitting hepatitis A (infectious hepatitis)?

Telescoping of one segment of bowel into another

Which of the following is an intussusception?

Portal hypertension, hepatic encephalopathy, and esophageal varices.

Which of the following may be associated with hepatic cirrhosis?

Low levels of cortisol in the blood, increased skin pigmentation, and high levels of ACTH in blood

Which of the following occurs in Addison disease?

Patients who drink excessive amounts of alcohol are prone to pancreatitis, mild episodes are accompanied by abdominal pain and elevated pancreatic enzymes, and each bout destroys some pancreatic tissue.

Which of the following statements about pancreatitis is correct?

It occurs more frequently in women than men and bile supersaturated with cholesterol predisposes to biliary calculi.

Which of the following statements regarding cholelithiasis is correct?