Chapter 22: Renaissance and Mannerism in Cinquecento Italy
Andrea Palladio, plan for the villa Rotonda -all parts of the villa relate to one another, very symmetrical, use of mathematical ratios
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Donato Bramante, plan for Saint Peter's -Bramante proposed to replace the Constantinian basilica with a central plan church featuring a cross with arms of equal length, each of which terminated in an apse
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Michelangelo, Pietá, Marble -intended for his own tomb, includes his self portrait as Nicodemus supporting the lifeless body Christ
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Michelangelo, plan for Saint Peter's -In his modification, Michelangelo reduced the central component from a number of interlocking crosses to a compact domed Greek cross inscribed in a square
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In his representation of Pope Leo X, Raphael did not portray him as head of state, but as what?
A man of learning
Which of the following is NOT an element of the Mannerist style in painting? (was on exam 2) a. Ambiguous spaces b. Imbalanced compositions c. Adherence to conventions d. Elongated or distorted forms
Adherence to conventions
In his work on the construction of Saint Peter's, Michelangelo's final design was a modification of the plan devised by which architect? (was on exam 2) a. Bramante b. Alberti c. Palladio d. Della Porta
Bramante
What was the contemporary inspiration for the setting of the gathering of philosophers and scientists in Raphael's Philosophy (School of Athens) mural? a. Palladio's design for the Villa Rotonda b. Leon Battista Alberti's Sant'Andrea c. Bramante's design of Saint Peter's d. Brunelleschi's Pazzi Chapel interior
Bramante's design of Saint Peter's
Who of the following was NOT a Late Renaissance painter? a. Tintoretto b. Veronese c. Correggio d. Bronzino
Bronzino
In Leonardo's Last Supper, how did the artist break with traditional iconography?
By placing Judas on the same side of the table as the others
Which aspect of Creation of Adam may not be considered an intrinsic part of the style of Michelangelo? a. Reclining positions b. Heavy musculature c. Center focal point d. Twisting poses
Center focal point
The composition of Titian's Meeting of Bacchus and Ariadne was most likely inspired by what?
Classical mythology and art
Which Late Renaissance painter prefigured the Baroque ceiling painting and compositional devices? a. Correggio b. Veronese c. Tintoretto d. Palladio
Correggio
In his David, rather than concentrating his efforts on achieving the standards of ideal beauty, Michelangelo prioritized what aspect?
Depicting pent-up emotion
What do the numerous preparatory sketches and studies Leonardo da Vinci made for the Last Supper indicate about his conceptualization of the figures in the work?
Each figure was treated individually in both pose and emotion expressed.
How does the composition of Titian's Pesaro Madonna differ from that of other High Renaissance works in central Italy?
Figures placed on a steep diagonal
Which is NOT one of the ways that Leonardo da Vinci makes Christ the focus of the Last Supper? a. Centered beneath architectural curve b. Focal point of converging orthogonals c. Garments in a different color scheme d. Center of two-dimensional surface
Garments in a different color scheme
Which author published Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects in 1530? a. Giorgio Vasari b. Leonardo da Vinci c. Andrea Palladio d. Palma il Giovane
Giorgio Vasari
In Raphael's Stanza della Segnatura, he integrated the philosophies and teachings of Plato and Aristotle, and what other pair?
Humanism and Christianity
Which figure is not placed in the standard position in Leonardo's version of the Last Supper?
Judas
Which pope oversaw the design of a new Saint Peter's to replace the fourth-century basilica and a redecoration of the Sistine Chapel, among other projects? (this was on exam 2) a. Leo X b. Clement VII c. Julius II d. Alexander VI
Julius II
In which work by Michelangelo does Christ appear as a nearly nude gigantic figure in a twisting pose with his right arm raised? a. Unfinished Pietà b. Tomb of Pope Julius II c. Creation of Adam d. Last Judgment
Last Judgment
In which project do we see Michelangelo working in a Mannerist mode, disregarding most of the rules of classical architecture? (was on exam 2) a. Palazzo Farnese b. Palazzo del Tè c. Laurentian Library d. Saint Peter's
Laurentian Library
Which aspect of Michelangelo's Pietá caused controversy at the time it was created?
Mary's apparent youth
Leonardo's use of light and dark in Madonna of the Rocks built on the work of which Early Renaissance artist?
Masaccio
Michelangelo's design for the twin tombs of Giuliano and Lorenzo de' Medici, never finished, is believed to have been based on which school of thought?
Neo-Platonism
What influence led Raphael to include a self-portrait in the reflection on a brass finial in his painting of Pope Leo X?
Netherlandish art
Which medium of painting did Titian establish as the standard of the Western pictorial tradition? a. Oil painting on canvas b. Fresco c. Oil and tempera on linen d. Oil painting on wood
Oil painting on canvas
In the Creation of Adam, Michelangelo fashioned the conception of God after which earlier type?
Olympian deities
Raphael's Marriage of the Virgin, one of his early works, reveals his imitation of the perspective devices of which earlier painter? a. Leonardo da Vinci b. Perugino c. Luca Signorelli d. Botticelli
Perugino
Which artist was an influence on Raphael's perspective system in his Marriage of the Virgin?
Perugino
In Venetian paintings such as The Tempest and Pastoral Symphony, the color and mood of the scenes enhance themes based on which source? a. Masculine virtues b. Biblical lessons c. Poetry of the senses d. Epic of humanity
Poetry of the senses
Raphael's painting Galatea was inspired by the poetry of which Italian writer?
Poliziano
What historical movement forms the background to papal artistic commissions of the mid-16th century? a. Protestant Reformation b. Muslim advance into India c. Expeditions to Americas d. Revival of Old Norse culture
Protestant Reformation
What characteristic compositional technique does Leonardo use to unite the figures in Madonna of the Rocks?
Pyramidal grouping
Which technique(s) does Leonardo use in Madonna of the Rocks to create the hazy and atmospheric landscape? a. Chiaroscuro b. Sfumato and chiaroscuro c. Sfumato d. Colorito and sfumato
Sfumato and chiaroscuro
Who was the greatest art patron in Cinquecento Italy? a. The Catholic Church b. The Council of Trent c. The government of Rome d. The stonemasons' guild
The Catholic Church
Michelangelo deviated from earlier representations of David in his rendition by portraying which part of the episode?
The encounter before the battle
The Sistine ceiling represents which of the following themes?
The salvation of humanity
What did the cleaning of Michelangelo's Sistine ceiling reveal that shocked art historians?
The vivid original colors
After Bellini's death in 1516, who became the official painter of the Republic of Venice?
Titian
This scene of the Assumption of the Virgin is by which painter?
Titian
Michelangelo's statue of Moses is part of which monument?
Tomb of Julius II
Which project by Michelangelo represents a drastically reduced version of his original design? a. Tomb of Giuliano de' Medici b. Pietà c. Tomb of Julius II d. Sistine Chapel ceiling
Tomb of Julius II
In his David, how does Michelangelo break away from the self-containment of earlier standing statues?
Turning his head toward adversary
What is the title of this painting by Titian, which established the standard for the reclining female nude?
Venus of Urbino
Which Late Renaissance Venetian painter combined use of a shimmering spectrum of color with High Renaissance compositional principles of symmetry and classical settings? a. Tintoretto b. Bronzino c. Correggio d. Veronese
Veronese
In his Assumption of the Virgin, what did Titian use to create intensity and drama?
Vibrant Color
Which architectural form is the basis of Palladio's esteemed reputation and wide-ranging influence? a. Church b. Villa c. Tholos d. Bridge
Villa
