Chapter 22 Respiratory Homework & Quiz

Systemic gas exchange is the unloading of ______ and loading of carbon dioxide.

oxygen

The oxygen remaining in the blood after it passes through the capillary beds provides a venous ___________.

reserve

This is enough oxygen to ________ life for 4-5 minutes in the event of respiratory arrest.

sustain

Hypocapnia will lead to which of the following conditions? A. Hypoventilation due to acidosis. B. Hypoventilation due to alkalosis C. Hyperventilation due to acidosis D. Hyperventilation due to alkalosis

B. Hypoventilation due to alkalosis

Which law states that the total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of its individual gasses? A. Boyle's B. Valsalva's C. Dalton's D. Charles's E. Henry's

C. Dalton's

Which center bears the primary responsibility for generating the respiratory rhythm, but is influenced by several other centers? A. PRG B. DRG C. VRG D. SRG

C. VRG

The blood transports more CO2 in the form of ________ than in any other form. A. carbaminohemoglobin B. carboxyhemoglobin C. bicarbonate ions D. dissolved CO2 gas

C. bicarbonate ions

True/False: Oxygen-poor blood is carried through systemic veins from the body tissues back to the heart.

True

This exchange occurs at the _______________.

capillaries

The combination of carbon dioxide and protein known as __________________________ is abbreviated as HbCO2.

carbaminohemoglobin

The reaction between CO2 & H2O, to H2CO3 is catalyzed by _____________ _________.

carbonic anhydrase

Which of the following enzymes in an RBC breaks H2CP3 down to water and carbon dioxide? - hemoglobinase - carboxyhemoglobinase - carbonic anhydrase - carbmainoreductase

carbonic anhydrase

Alternately, carbon dioxide is loading during an exchange called a ________ shift.

chloride

The ________ ______ is an anion exchange that takes place in red blood cells as a mechanism to transport bicarbonate ion out of the cell.

chloride shift

Less than 10% of CO2 is transported is transported as _________ ___.

dissolved gas

In one passage through a bed of systemic blood capillaries, the blood gives up about what percentage of its oxygen? - 5-10% - 10-15% - 20-25% - 30-40% - 70-85%

20-25%

Each hemoglobin molecule can transport up to __ oxygen molecules. 2 3 4 5 6

4

Which of the following would slow down the gas exchange between the blood and alveolar air? A. An increase in membrane thickness B. An increase in alveolar surface area C. An increase in respiratory rate D. A decrease in membrane thickness E. A decrease in nitrogen solubility

A. An increase in membrane thickness

What is the definition of partial pressure? A. The sum of the pressures contributed by each of the individual gases comprising air B. The separate contribution of pressure by each individual gas comprising air C. The solubility of a gas D. The difference of the contribution of nitrogen from the oxygen in air

B. The separate contribution of pressure by each individual gas comprising air

What determines the direction of gas movement? A. The temperature B. The size of the gas molecule C. The solubility of the gas in blood D. The partial pressure differences E. The pH

D. The partial pressure differences

The addition of CO2 to the blood generates __________ ions in the RBCs, which in turn stimulates RBCs to unload more oxygen. A. sodium B. potassium C. nitrogen D. hydrogen E. chloride

D. hydrogen

The vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves carry afferent signals from peripheral chemoreceptors to a chemosensitive area in the _______. A. pontine respiratory group B. dorsal respiratory group C. ventral respiratory group D. medulla oblongata E. pons

D. medulla oblongata

Mucus plays an important role in cleansing inhaled air. It is produced by __________ of the respiratory tract. A. squamous alveolar cells B. great alveolar cells C. the pleurae D. ciliated cells E. goblet cells

E. goblet cells

T/F: Hemoglobin releases the same amount of oxygen to all the tissues regardless of variations in their metabolic rate.

False

True/False: Oxygen-rich blood is carried through pulmonary arteries from the lungs of the heart.

False

The ability of CO2 to bind to deoxygenated hemoglobin more readily than it binds oxyhemoglobin is referred to as the _______ effect.

Haldane

What effect will all of the following have on Oxyhemoglobin levels? - increased temperature - decreased pH - heavy exercise

These would all decrease oxyhemoglobin levels

What effect will the following have on Oxyhemoglobin levels? -decrease the partial pressure of CO2 - increase the partial pressure of O2

These would both increase oxyhemoglobin levels

What effect would these circumstances have on the Respiratory Rhythm? - blood pH increases - blood levels of hydrogen ions decrease

These would decrease the respiratory rhythm

What effect would these circumstances have on the Respiratory Rhythm? - blood pH decreases - levels of CO2 in the blood increase - arterial partial pressure of O2 drops below 60 mm Hg - blood levels of hydrogen ions increase

These would increase the respiratory rhythm

The majority of CO2 in the blood is carried as ______________ ___.

bicarbonate ion